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      ¿Determinación social o determinantes sociales?: Diferencias conceptuales e implicaciones praxiológicas Translated title: Conceptual differences and praxiological implications concerning social determination or social determinants

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          Abstract

          Las diferencias entre la determinación social y los determinantes sociales de la salud no son sólo conceptuales, son también ético-políticas. Conllevan rutas y apuestas divergentes, explicaciones distintas sobre la causalidad y el riesgo en salud con implicaciones esenciales en las relaciones de poder, en la concepción de la ética y en la comprensión del proceso salud enfermedad. El propósito de este texto es advertir las implicaciones praxiológicas de los enfoques de la epidemiología social latinoamericana y la anglosajona y, nutrir el debate entre la determinación social y los determinantes sociales de la salud. Para ello primero sitúa la construcción socio-histórico de estos enfoques, luego analiza sus diferencias con base en criterios de valoración epistemológica, metodológica y ontológica y finaliza con una breve consideración acerca de las implicaciones prácticas que conllevan estas diferencias.

          Translated abstract

          The differences between the social determination of health approach adopted by the Latin-American Social Medicine and Collective Health movement and the WHO's social determinants of health approach are not merely conceptual but involve ethical and political considerations. Different notions of causality and risk are implied in the aforementioned approaches and shape how concepts regarding health-illness and health inequity are understood and how they may be confronted. This article attempts to clarify the praxiological implications of such approaches and contextualise the approaches' socio-historical construction, address epistemological, methodological and ontological differences and propose some considerations regarding the praxiological implications.

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          Most cited references37

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          The concepts and principles of equity and health.

          In 1984, the 32 member states of the World Health Organization European Region took a remarkable step forward in agreeing unanimously on 38 targets for a common health policy for the Region. Not only was equity the subject of the first of these targets, but it was also seen as a fundamental theme running right through the policy as a whole. However, equity can mean different things to different people. This article looks at the concepts and principles of equity as understood in the context of the World Health Organization's Health for All policy. After considering the possible causes of the differences in health observed in populations--some of them inevitable and some unnecessary and unfair--the author discusses equity in relation to health care, concentrating on issues of access to care, utilization, and quality. Lastly, seven principles for action are outlined, stemming from these concepts, to be borne in mind when designing or implementing policies, so that greater equity in health and health care can be promoted.
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            Epidemiología Crítica: ciencia emancipadora e in-terculturalidad

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              The contribution of the World Health Organization to a new public health and health promotion.

              The author traces the development of the concept of health promotion from 1980s policies of the World Health Organization. Two approaches that signify the modernization of public health are outlined in detail: the European Health for All targets and the settings approach. Both aim to reorient health policy priorities from a risk factor approach to strategies that address the determinants of health and empower people to participate in improving the health of their communities. These approaches combine classic public health dictums with "new" strategies, some setting explicit goals to integrate public health with general welfare policy. Health for All, health promotion, and population health have contributed to this reorientation in thinking and strategy, but the focus of health policy remains expenditure rather than investment.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                rsap
                Revista de Salud Pública
                Rev. salud pública
                Instituto de Salud Publica, Facultad de Medicina - Universidad Nacional de Colombia (Bogotá, DF, Colombia )
                0124-0064
                November 2013
                : 15
                : 6
                : 810-813
                Affiliations
                [01] Bogotá orgnameUniversidad Nacional de Colombia orgdiv1Departamento de Salud Colectiva Colombia
                [03] Bogotá orgnameUniversidad Nacional de Colombia orgdiv1Facultad de Medicina orgdiv2Departamento de Salud Pública Colombia
                [02] Rio de Janeiro orgnameEscuela Nacional de Salud Pública/FIOCRUZ Brasil
                [04] Bucaramanga orgnameUniversidad Santo Tomás orgdiv1Facultad de Odontología Colombia
                Article
                S0124-00642013000600001 S0124-0064(13)01500601
                a498c8e7-3014-4b79-b5e4-22ac7168a349

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 11 February 2013
                : 28 August 2013
                : 28 April 2013
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 32, Pages: 4
                Product

                SciELO Public Health

                Self URI: Texto completo solamente en formato PDF (ES)
                Categories
                Artículos/Investigación

                inequidad social,proyectos de investigación,Social determinants of health,research design,Desigualdades en salud,medicina social,social medicine

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