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      Aplicación del modelo CE QUAL-W2: una aproximación a la estructura térmica en el embalse Miguel Martínez Isaza, Concordia, Antioquia, Colombia Translated title: Application of CE QUAL-W2 Model: An Approach to the Thermal Structure in the Miguel Martínez Isaza Reservoir, Concordia, Antioquia, Colombia

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          Abstract

          Resumen La modelación de la temperatura contribuye a la gestión de embalses, ya que es posible crear escenarios con diferentes condiciones para predecir su respuesta ante los cambios climáticos y los procesos de mezcla. Con este trabajo se busca aportar elementos de análisis del funcionamiento e identificación de los forzantes que dominan la dinámica térmica de un embalse tropical de montaña. Se registró la temperatura y el nivel de agua en tres sitios del embalse durante tres muestreos. Además, se midieron los caudales de entrada y salida al embalse y se analizaron los registros climáticos históricos. Con esta información se construyeron los archivos de entrada del modelo bidimensional CE QUAL-W2, para simular cuatro escenarios climáticos (seco, lluvia, transición y el fenómeno El Niño). De las afluencias se evidenció que la quebrada Santa Mónica en términos hidrodinámicos ejerce su efecto hasta el sitio de captación; de otro lado, la quebrada la Nitrera presenta recirculaciones verticales que aumentan el tiempo de residencia lo que tiene consecuencias en la calidad del agua para este sector del embalse. Los resultados de este ejercicio preliminar de modelación indican que el comportamiento térmico del embalse responde de manera diferenciada según el escenario climático y la magnitud de las extracciones. Durante el fenómeno El Niño y ante un incremento del agua captada, el embalse disminuye el nivel de agua en cerca de un metro y aumenta su temperatura alrededor de 3°C en la zona central del embalse. Ante la tendencia de crecimiento del municipio, se espera mayores demandas de agua que deberán ser suplidas por el embalse, por lo que toman importancia las herramientas de modelación que apoyen la gestión ambiental y reduzcan el riesgo al desabastecimiento ante la vulnerabilidad al cambio de climático.

          Translated abstract

          Abstract Hydrodynamic modelling of temperature is a tool that contributes to the management of reservoirs because it is possible to create scenarios with different conditions to predict the behavior facing the meteorological changes and the mixing processes. This work seeks to contribute elements of analysis to the functioning and identification of the external factors that dominate the thermal dynamics of a tropical reservoir of mountain. The temperature and the water level were registered in three places of the reservoir, during three campaigns of sampling. In addition, we measured the inflows and outflows to the reservoir and analyzed the climatic historical records. With this information the two-dimensional model CE QUAL-W2 archives was build, in order to simulate 3 climatic periods (dry, transition and wet) and one where El Niño is included. It is clearly demonstrated that Santa Mónica creek has a greater influence in the water extraction. The external factors like the increase of the water extraction and the climatic scenarios influence the temperature and availability of the reservoir, being El Niño scenario the most critical, where the reservoir approximately increases its temperature 3°C and the level of the water diminishes a meter. The reservoir is increasingly susceptible to the shortage of supplies and the decrease of quality in the scenes of drought with the increase of the resource demand. The model is a useful management tool of the reservoir for the future scenarios of climate change.

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          An improved model for determining degree-day values from daily temperature data.

          Although using hourly weather data offers the greatest accuracy for estimating growing degree-day values, daily maximum and minimum temperature data are often used to estimate these values by approximating the diurnal temperature trends. This paper presents a new empirical model for estimating the hourly mean temperature. The model describes the diurnal variation using a sine function from the minimum temperature at sunrise until the maximum temperature is reached, another sine function from the maximum temperature until sunset, and a square-root function from then until sunrise the next morning. The model was developed and calibrated using several years of hourly data obtained from five automated weather stations located in California and representing a wide range of climate conditions. The model was tested against an additional data-set at each location. The temperature model gave good results, the rootmean-square error being less than 2.0 degrees C for most years and locations. The comparison with published models from the literature showed that the model was superior to the other methods. Hourly temperatures from the model were used to calculate degree-day values. A comparison between degree-day estimates determined from the model and those obtained other selected methods is presented. The results showed that the model had the best accuracy in general regardless of the season.
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            The relationship of climatic and hydrological parameters to surface water quality in the lower Mekong River.

            The relationship between climatic, hydrological and water quality parameters of the lower Mekong River flowing through four different countries (Thailand, Cambodia, Lao PDR and Vietnam) was studied. The Mekong River Commission (MRC) secondary data of climatic and hydrological parameters included precipitation, evaporation, average air temperatures, mean water level and discharge flow. Water quality parameters consisted of TSS, NO(3)(-), PO(4)(3-), DO, pH, conductivity, Ca, Mg, Na, K, alkalinity, Cl, SO(4)(2-), Fe, TP, Si and COD. Pearson's correlation was used to determine their relationship. The results reveal that the correlations of climatic, hydrological and water quality parameters in those four countries located along the lower Mekong River had the same trend. Precipitation had fair positive correlations with mean water level (ranging 0.375-0.661), discharge flow (ranging 0.526-0.659) and mean air temperature (ranging 0.515-0.621), however had weak negative correlation with evaporation (ranging 0.169-0.468). Concerning relationship with water quality, the results show that TSS, NO(3)(-), PO(4)(3-), TP and COD had weak to fair positive correlations with precipitation, mean water level, discharge flow. However, DO, pH, conductivity, Ca, Mg, Na, K, alkalinity, Cl, SO(4)(2-) and Si had fair to strong negative correlations with all hydrological parameters. Finally, TSS, alkalinity and conductivity were proposed as sensitive water quality parameters for monitoring impacts of changing climate in the lower Mekong River.
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              Evaluating the non-stationary relationship between precipitation and streamflow in nine major basins of China during the past 50years

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                teclo
                TecnoLógicas
                TecnoL.
                Instituto Tecnológico Metropolitano - ITM (Medellín, Antioquia, Colombia )
                0123-7799
                2256-5337
                December 2019
                : 22
                : 46
                : 86-100
                Affiliations
                [1] Medellín Antioquía orgnameUniversidad de Antioquia Colombia mateo.parra@ 123456udea.edu.co
                [3] Medellín Antioquía orgnameUniversidad de Antioquia Colombia esnedy.hernandez@ 123456udea.edu.co
                [2] Medellín Antioquía orgnameUniversidad de Antioquia Colombia nora.villegas@ 123456udea.edu.co
                [4] Medellín Antioquía orgnameUniversidad de Antioquia Colombia nestor.aguirre@ 123456udea.edu.co
                [5] Medellín Antioquía orgnameUniversidad de Antioquia Colombia fabio.velez@ 123456udea.edu.co
                Article
                S0123-77992019000300086
                10.22430/22565337.1222
                a40d19c5-8b4a-42e8-bd5c-ef47cdc7335d

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 08 August 2019
                : 05 April 2019
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 31, Pages: 15
                Product

                SciELO Colombia

                Categories
                Artículos de investigación

                conservación del agua,cambio climático,análisis estadístico,CE-QUAL-W2,hydrodynamic,water management,reservoir,climate change,statistical analysis,Hidrodinámica,embalse

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