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      The Arabidopsis transcription factor ABIG1 relays ABA signaled growth inhibition and drought induced senescence

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          Abstract

          Drought inhibits plant growth and can also induce premature senescence. Here we identify a transcription factor, ABA INSENSITIVE GROWTH 1 (ABIG1) required for abscisic acid (ABA) mediated growth inhibition, but not for stomatal closure. ABIG1 mRNA levels are increased both in response to drought and in response to ABA treatment. When treated with ABA, abig1 mutants remain greener and produce more leaves than comparable wild-type plants. When challenged with drought, abig1 mutants have fewer yellow, senesced leaves than wild-type. Induction of ABIG1 transcription mimics ABA treatment and regulates a set of genes implicated in stress responses. We propose a model in which drought acts through ABA to increase ABIG1 transcription which in turn restricts new shoot growth and promotes leaf senescence. The results have implications for plant breeding: the existence of a mutant that is both ABA resistant and drought resistant points to new strategies for isolating drought resistant genetic varieties.

          DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.13768.001

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          COPPER ENZYMES IN ISOLATED CHLOROPLASTS. POLYPHENOLOXIDASE IN BETA VULGARIS.

          D ARNON (1949)
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            Abscisic acid inhibits type 2C protein phosphatases via the PYR/PYL family of START proteins.

            Sang-Youl Park, Pauline Fung, Noriyuki Nishimura … (2009)
            Type 2C protein phosphatases (PP2Cs) are vitally involved in abscisic acid (ABA) signaling. Here, we show that a synthetic growth inhibitor called pyrabactin functions as a selective ABA agonist. Pyrabactin acts through PYRABACTIN RESISTANCE 1 (PYR1), the founding member of a family of START proteins called PYR/PYLs, which are necessary for both pyrabactin and ABA signaling in vivo. We show that ABA binds to PYR1, which in turn binds to and inhibits PP2Cs. We conclude that PYR/PYLs are ABA receptors functioning at the apex of a negative regulatory pathway that controls ABA signaling by inhibiting PP2Cs. Our results illustrate the power of the chemical genetic approach for sidestepping genetic redundancy.
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              High-resolution temporal profiling of transcripts during Arabidopsis leaf senescence reveals a distinct chronology of processes and regulation.

              Emily Breeze, Elizabeth Harrison, Stuart McHattie … (2011)
              Leaf senescence is an essential developmental process that impacts dramatically on crop yields and involves altered regulation of thousands of genes and many metabolic and signaling pathways, resulting in major changes in the leaf. The regulation of senescence is complex, and although senescence regulatory genes have been characterized, there is little information on how these function in the global control of the process. We used microarray analysis to obtain a high-resolution time-course profile of gene expression during development of a single leaf over a 3-week period to senescence. A complex experimental design approach and a combination of methods were used to extract high-quality replicated data and to identify differentially expressed genes. The multiple time points enable the use of highly informative clustering to reveal distinct time points at which signaling and metabolic pathways change. Analysis of motif enrichment, as well as comparison of transcription factor (TF) families showing altered expression over the time course, identify clear groups of TFs active at different stages of leaf development and senescence. These data enable connection of metabolic processes, signaling pathways, and specific TF activity, which will underpin the development of network models to elucidate the process of senescence.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Richard Amasino: Role: Reviewing editor
                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): eLife
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Elife
                Journal ID (hwp): eLife
                Journal ID (publisher-id): eLife
                Title: eLife
                Publisher: eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd
                ISSN (Electronic): 2050-084X
                Publication date (Electronic, pub): 04 October 2016
                Publication date Collection: 2016
                Volume: 5
                Electronic Location Identifier: e13768
                Affiliations
                [1]deptDepartment of Plant Biology , Carnegie Institution for Science , Stanford, United States
                [2]University of Wisconsin , United States
                [3]University of Wisconsin , United States
                Author notes
                Author information
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5516-1835
                Article
                Publisher ID: 13768
                DOI: 10.7554/eLife.13768
                PMC ID: 5050019
                PubMed ID: 27697148
                SO-VID: a2f921a4-43be-434d-af9a-62be41ed13f1
                Copyright © © 2016, Liu et al
                License:

                This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use and redistribution provided that the original author and source are credited.

                History
                Date received : 13 December 2015
                Date accepted : 31 August 2016
                Funding
                Funded by: FundRef http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100000001, National Science Foundation;
                Award ID: #0929413
                Award Recipient :
                Funded by: Carnegie Institution for Science;
                Award ID: Endowment
                Award Recipient :
                The funders had no role in study design, data collection and interpretation, or the decision to submit the work for publication.
                Categories
                Subject: Developmental Biology and Stem Cells
                Subject: Plant Biology
                Subject: Research Article
                Custom metadata
                elife-xml-version 2.5
                Author impact statement Arabidopsis plants slow growth and jettison leaves in response to drought via a mechanism that involves the transcription factor ABIG1.

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Life sciences
                Keywords: stress,abscisic acid,drought,class ii hd-zip transcription factors,stay green,leaf development,a. thaliana
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Life sciences
                Keywords: stress, abscisic acid, drought, class ii hd-zip transcription factors, stay green, leaf development, a. thaliana

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