There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.
L'éditorial du printemps 1988 des Annales appelle les historiens à une réflexion commune à partir d'un double constat. D'une part, il affirme l'existence d'une « crise générale des sciences sociales », repérable dans l'abandon des systèmes globaux d'interprétation, de ces « paradigmes dominants » qu'avaient été, un temps, le structuralisme ou le marxisme, comme dans le rejet proclamé des idéologies qui avaient porté leur succès (entendons l'adhésion à un modèle de transformation radicale, socialiste, des sociétés occidentales capitalistes et libérales). D'autre part, le texte n'applique pas à l'histoire l'intégralité d'un tel diagnostic puisqu'il conclut : « Le moment ne nous paraît pas venu d'une crise de l'histoire dont certains acceptent, trop commodément, l'hypothèse ». This article first examines historians’ responses to the two challenges successively made to their discipline: that by the victorious social sciences in the 1960's, and that by a return to the political realm, based on the present (late 1980's) philosophy of the subject. After characterizing the changes in historical work (abandoning in its practice the project of a global history, the territorial definition of objects of research and the primacy of social classifications), this article puts forward three proposals, based on a particular field of research that crosses the study of texts, the history of the printed work, and the analysis of practices: (1) to place the notion of “representation ” at the center of a re-evaluation of the relationship between social structures and cultural practices, (2) to detect the most socially rooted gaps in the most formal apparati whether textual or material, and (3) to relate the production of works and the organization of practices to forms ofthe exercice of power.
scite shows how a scientific paper has been cited by providing the context of the citation, a classification describing whether it supports, mentions, or contrasts the cited claim, and a label indicating in which section the citation was made.