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      Formação de toxinas durante o processamento de alimentos e as possíveis conseqüências para o organismo humano Translated title: Toxin formation during food processing and possible consequences to the human body

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          Abstract

          A produção de alimentos envolve inúmeras reações químicas, durante as quais podem ser geradas substâncias tóxicas ao organismo humano. A produção destas substâncias pode ocorrer de diferentes maneiras, variando em quantidade e em grau de toxicidade. Este trabalho objetivou estudar a produção de toxinas no processamento de alimentos, assim como as conseqüências da ingestão dessas substâncias para o ser humano. O estudo foi realizado a partir de extensa pesquisa bibliográfica. As principais reações na formação de compostos tóxicos apresentadas no decorrer do estudo são: degradação de lipídios, hidrogenação, pirólise e defumação. Entre as substâncias formadas, destacam-se: peróxidos, ácidos graxos trans, aminas heterocíclicas e hidrocarbonetos aromáticos policíclicos. O profissional nutricionista necessita conhecer como ocorre a formação de toxinas durante os variados processamentos que envolvem alimentos, assim como os riscos para a saúde de quem consome essas substâncias. Também é preciso propor técnicas de processamento adequadas, visando ao bem-estar do consumidor e à manutenção das propriedades nutricionais do alimento.

          Translated abstract

          Food production involves innumerable chemical reactions that may generate substances that are toxic to the human body. These substances can be produced in different ways, in varying amounts and degree of toxicity. The objective of this study was to investigate the production of toxins during food processing, as well as theconsequences of their ingestion. This study was based on extensive literature research. The main reactions leading to toxic compounds are: lipid degradation, hydrogenation, pyrolysis and smoking. Some of the formed substances are: peroxides, trans fatty acids, heterocyclic amines and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Dietitians need to know how toxins form during the various foods processing methods, as well as their health risks for consumers. It is also necessary to propose processing techniques that ensure the consumer's wellbeing and retain the nutritional properties of the food.

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          IV Diretriz Brasileira sobre Dislipidemias e Prevenção da Aterosclerose: Departamento de Aterosclerose da Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia

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            Position of the American Dietetic Association and Dietitians of Canada: dietary fatty acids.

            (2007)
            It is the position of the American Dietetic Association (ADA) and Dietitians of Canada (DC) that dietary fat for the adult population should provide 20% to 35% of energy and emphasize a reduction in saturated fatty acids and trans-fatty acids and an increase in n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. ADA and DC recommend a food-based approach for achieving these fatty acid recommendations; that is, a dietary pattern high in fruits and vegetables, whole grains, legumes, nuts and seeds, lean protein (ie, lean meats, poultry, and low-fat dairy products), fish (especially fatty fish high in n-3 fatty acids), and use of nonhydrogenated margarines and oils. Implicit to these recommendations for dietary fatty acids is that unsaturated fatty acids are the predominant fat source in the diet. These fatty acid recommendations are made in the context of a diet consistent with energy needs (ie, to promote a healthful body weight). ADA and DC recognize that scientific knowledge about the effects of dietary fats on human health is incomplete and take a prudent approach in recommending a reduction in those fatty acids that increase risk of disease, while promoting intake of those fatty acids that benefit health. Registered dietitians play a pivotal role in translating dietary recommendations for fat and fatty acids into healthful dietary patterns for different population groups.
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              Química de alimentos: teoria e prática

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                rn
                Revista de Nutrição
                Rev. Nutr.
                Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas (Campinas )
                1678-9865
                April 2009
                : 22
                : 2
                : 283-293
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Universidade Federal de Santa Maria Brazil
                [2 ] Centro Universitário Franciscano Brazil
                Article
                S1415-52732009000200010
                10.1590/S1415-52732009000200010
                a1d5d310-dc8c-468e-8839-72385e4e2ac3

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

                History
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=1415-5273&lng=en
                Categories
                NUTRITION & DIETETICS

                Nutrition & Dietetics
                Food production,Chemical reactions,Toxic substances,Nutricionista,Produção de alimentos,Reações químicas,Substâncias tóxicas,Nutritionist

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