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      COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy

      brief-report
      Author(s): 1 , , 2
      Publication date (Electronic):
      Journal: Nature Reviews. Nephrology
      Publisher: Nature Publishing Group UK
      Keywords: Social sciences, Disease prevention, Public health

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          Abstract

          The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the vital role of vaccination in preventing life-threatening diseases and improving global health. Understanding and addressing the concerns of vaccine-hesitant individuals, including those with chronic diseases, is key to increasing vaccine acceptance and uptake.

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          Measuring the impact of COVID-19 vaccine misinformation on vaccination intent in the UK and USA

          Sahil Loomba, Alexandre de Figueiredo, Simon J Piatek … (2021)
          Widespread acceptance of a vaccine for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) will be the next major step in fighting the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, but achieving high uptake will be a challenge and may be impeded by online misinformation. To inform successful vaccination campaigns, we conducted a randomized controlled trial in the UK and the USA to quantify how exposure to online misinformation around COVID-19 vaccines affects intent to vaccinate to protect oneself or others. Here we show that in both countries-as of September 2020-fewer people would 'definitely' take a vaccine than is likely required for herd immunity, and that, relative to factual information, recent misinformation induced a decline in intent of 6.2 percentage points (95th percentile interval 3.9 to 8.5) in the UK and 6.4 percentage points (95th percentile interval 4.0 to 8.8) in the USA among those who stated that they would definitely accept a vaccine. We also find that some sociodemographic groups are differentially impacted by exposure to misinformation. Finally, we show that scientific-sounding misinformation is more strongly associated with declines in vaccination intent.
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            Pandemic Politics: Timing State-Level Social Distancing Responses to COVID-19

            Christopher Adolph, Kenya Amano, Bree Bang-Jensen … (2020)
            Context: Social distancing is an essential but economically painful measure to flatten the curve of emergent infectious diseases. As the novel coronavirus that causes COVID-19 spread throughout the United States in early 2020, the federal government left to the states the difficult and consequential decisions about when to cancel events, close schools and businesses, and issue stay-at-home orders. Methods: We present an original, detailed dataset of state-level social distancing policy responses to the epidemic, then apply event history analysis to study the timing of implementation of five social distancing policies across all fifty states. Results: The most important predictor of when states adopted social distancing policies is political: All else equal, states led by Republican governors were slower to implement such policies during a critical window of early COVID-19 response. Conclusions: Continuing actions driven by partisanship, rather than public health expertise and scientific recommendations, may exact greater tolls on health and broader society.
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              Global COVID-19 Vaccine Acceptance: A Systematic Review of Associated Social and Behavioral Factors

              Choudhary Shakeel, Amenah Abdul Mujeeb, Muhammad Shaheer Mirza … (2022)
              COVID-19 vaccines have met varying levels of acceptance and hesitancy in different parts of the world, which has implications for eliminating the COVID-19 pandemic. The aim of this systematic review is to examine how and why the rates of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and hesitancy differ across countries and continents. PubMed, Web of Science, IEEE Xplore and Science Direct were searched between 1 January 2020 and 31 July 2021 using keywords such as “COVID-19 vaccine acceptance”. 81 peer-reviewed publications were found to be eligible for review. The analysis shows that there are global variations in vaccine acceptance among different populations. The vaccine-acceptance rates were the highest amongst adults in Ecuador (97%), Malaysia (94.3%) and Indonesia (93.3%) and the lowest amongst adults in Lebanon (21.0%). The general healthcare workers (HCWs) in China (86.20%) and nurses in Italy (91.50%) had the highest acceptance rates, whereas HCWs in the Democratic Republic of Congo had the lowest acceptance (27.70%). A nonparametric one-way ANOVA showed that the differences in vaccine-acceptance rates were statistically significant (H (49) = 75.302, p = 0.009*) between the analyzed countries. However, the reasons behind vaccine hesitancy and acceptance were similar across the board. Low vaccine acceptance was associated with low levels of education and awareness, and inefficient government efforts and initiatives. Furthermore, poor influenza-vaccination history, as well as conspiracy theories relating to infertility and misinformation about the COVID-19 vaccine on social media also resulted in vaccine hesitancy. Strategies to address these concerns may increase global COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and accelerate our efforts to eliminate this pandemic.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Eve Dubé: eve.dube@crchudequebec.ulaval.ca
                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Nat Rev Nephrol
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Nat Rev Nephrol
                Title: Nature Reviews. Nephrology
                Publisher: Nature Publishing Group UK (London )
                ISSN (Print): 1759-5061
                ISSN (Electronic): 1759-507X
                Publication date (Electronic): 12 April 2022
                Pages: 1-2
                Affiliations
                [1 ]GRID grid.23856.3a, ISNI 0000 0004 1936 8390, Department of Anthropology, , Laval University, ; Quebec City, Quebec Canada
                [2 ]GRID grid.55602.34, ISNI 0000 0004 1936 8200, Department of Pediatrics, , Dalhousie University, ; Halifax, Nova Scotia Canada
                Article
                Publisher ID: 571
                DOI: 10.1038/s41581-022-00571-2
                PMC ID: 9004449
                PubMed ID: 35414006
                SO-VID: a1cc93f0-79b0-4e0d-8f65-0e972b081f3a
                Copyright © © Springer Nature Limited 2022
                License:

                This article is made available via the PMC Open Access Subset for unrestricted research re-use and secondary analysis in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for the duration of the World Health Organization (WHO) declaration of COVID-19 as a global pandemic.

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                Subject: Comment

                Keywords: social sciences,disease prevention,public health
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                Keywords: social sciences, disease prevention, public health

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