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      PREVALENCIA Y FACTORES ASOCIADOS AL CONSUMO DE ANFETAMINAS, EN ESTUDIANTES DEL PROGRAMA DE MEDICINA DE LA UNIVERSIDAD DE MANIZALES (COLOMBIA), 2010 Translated title: The prevalence and factors associated with amphetamines use by medical students from the Universidad de Manizales (Colombia), 2010

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          Abstract

          Antecedentes. Un estudio previo realizado en la Universidad de Manizales midió el consumo de anfetaminas para mejorar rendimiento académico y demostró que el 42,3% de los estudiantes de Medicina consumían anfetaminas con este propósito. Objetivo. Confirmar este resultado e indagar por los factores asociados al consumo de anfetaminas, en estos estudiantes. Materiales y métodos. Se realizó un estudio de corte transversal en el que participaron estudiantes del Programa de Medicina de la Universidad de Manizales. La población fue de 615 mediante un muestreo probabilístico se seleccionaron 234 estudiantes. El instrumento utilizado fue una encuesta anónima que permitió identificar el consumo de estimulantes y factores de riesgo asociados. Resultados. El 51,9% (lc95%:44,9%-58,95) de la muestra aseveró haber consumido anfetaminas para mejorar rendimiento académico; de estos el 70,9% refirieron haber logrado el objetivo. No se encontró relación con factores de riesgo clásicos como ansiedad, depresión o funcionalidad familiar. El 87,9% no consumía estimulantes previo al ingreso al programa. Los semestres VI, VII, VIII y IX mostraron un mayor índice de consumo de: 73,3%, 60%, 68,8% y 57,7% respectivamente. Entre las razones de consumo se resaltan motivos académicos 32,5% y preservar estado de vigilia 18,7%. El 65,8% consumen bebidas alcohólicas. Conclusiones. El consumo de anfetaminas para mejorar rendimiento académico en los estudiantes del Programa de Medicina de la Universidad de Manizales es realmente alarmante. Se hace necesario intervenir en la causa y plantear soluciones para de esta manera, impactar los índices de consumo.

          Translated abstract

          Background. A prior study carried out in the Universidad de Manizales measured amphetamine consumption aimed at improving academic performance and revealed that 42.3% of medical students consumed amphetamines for such purpose. Objective. Confirming the aforementioned result and investigating the factors associated with these students consuming amphetamines. Materials and methods. A cross-sectional study was carried out, involving medical students from the Universidad de Manizales. The population consisted of 615 students who participated in probabilistic sampling, leading to 234 students being selected. An anonymous survey was used, leading to stimulant consumption and associated risk factors being identified. Results. 51.9% (44.9%-58.95 95%CI) of the sample stated that they had taken amphetamines to improve their academic performance; 70.9% of them mentioned having achieved their objective. No relationship was found with classical risk factors such as anxiety, depression or family functionality. 87.9% of the students had not taken stimulants prior to entering the faculty. Students from the 6th, 7th, 8th and 9th semesters had the highest consumption indices: 73.3%, 60%, 68.8% and 57.7% respectively. The reasons for taking amphetamines included academic motives (32.5%) and staying awake (18.7%); 65.8% drank alcohol. Conclusions. The number of medical students from the Universidad de Manizales taking amphetamines to improve their academic performance is really alarming. Intervention is necessary and solutions must be proposed to have a positive impact on consumption indices.

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          Most cited references34

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          Detecting alcoholism. The CAGE questionnaire.

          Four clinical interview questions, the CAGE questions, have proved useful in helping to make a diagnosis of alcoholism. The questions focus on Cutting down, Annoyance by criticism, Guilty feeling, and Eye-openers. The acronym "CAGE" helps the physician to recall the questions. How these questions were identified and their use in clinical and research studies are described.
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            Factores asociados al rendimiento académico en estudiantes de medicina

            Objetivos: Determinar y evaluar los factores que estuvieran incidiendo en el desempeño académico de nuestros estudiantes de primer semestre de medicina. Metodología: Se caracterizó la población en búsqueda de factores que se analizaron posteriormente para determinar asociación y predicción, a través de un modelo de regresión logística, del rendimiento académico final. Resultados: Se analizaron 80 estudiantes de edades comprendidas entre 17 y 18, la mayoría mujeres, procedentes de Bogotá, de colegios mixtos, privados y monolingües. El grupo fue homogéneo por factores sociodemográficos, culturales, escolaridad y de motivaciones. Se detectaron rasgos de violencia intrafamiliar, de consumo de alcohol y cigarrillo pero no de drogas psicoactivas. Los resultados obtenidos en la prueba de aptitudes diferenciales y generales (BADyGs) del aprendizaje fueron bajos. El análisis mostró que el no leer como pasatiempo, la presencia de violencia intrafamiliar, el haber fumado marihuana, el provenir de un colegio mixto, el no haber realizado estudios profesionales, de quien se depende económicamente, las notas de biología, bioquímica y del promedio trimestral fueron los factores que se asocian con fracaso académico o pérdida de cupo. La variable que predice fracaso académico cuando se controla por los otros factores incluidos en el modelo es el promedio trimestral y la que determina pérdida de cupo es la nota del laboratorio de bioquímica. Conclusiones: Aunque existen factores previos al ingreso que puedan explicar el desempeño académico, es importante evaluar el rendimiento durante el semestre para intervenir rápidamente y evitar el fracaso.
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              The relationship between drugs use and risk behaviors in brazilian university students

              The aim was to describe relationships between gender and drug use as well as risk behaviors that may be associated with drug use among first-year students at the University of São Paulo-Ribeirão Preto. The Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS) is an anonymous survey that was used for this descriptive correlational study. It was developed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in the United States. The sample (n=200) included (50%) males and (50%) females. Their ages ranged from 18 to 26 years. Results showed that more female than male students use alcohol and tobacco, but that the probability of heavy consumption is higher among men. There was a low incidence of illicit drug use for both groups. Male students were more likely to drive under the influence of alcohol than female students and more men were involved in violent behaviors such as fights with friends and police. In relation to sexual behavior, male students were likely to have more partners and less protection while under influence of alcohol. It was concluded that gender is associated with recreational drug use, specifically tobacco and alcohol, as well as other risk behaviors in university students.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                rfmun
                Revista de la Facultad de Medicina
                rev.fac.med.
                Universidad Nacional de Colombia (Bogotá, Distrito Capital, Colombia )
                0120-0011
                September 2011
                : 59
                : 3
                : 201-214
                Affiliations
                [02] orgnameUniversidad de Manizales
                [01] orgnameUniversidad de Manizales
                Article
                S0120-00112011000300004 S0120-0011(11)05900304
                a18c2b81-94ff-49ef-8e55-e6c03332b62b

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 30 August 2011
                : 02 February 2011
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 36, Pages: 14
                Product

                SciELO Colombia

                Self URI: Texto completo solamente en formato PDF (ES)
                Categories
                Investigación original

                anfetamina,Metilfenidato,dependencia,rendimiento escolar bajo (DeCS),Amphetamine,methylphenidate,dependency,underachievement (MeSH)

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