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      Stock de activos intangibles y rentabilidad empresarial. El caso de la industria hotelera española (2008-2019) Translated title: INTANGIBLE ASSETS STOCK AND BUSINESS PROFITABILITY. THE CASE OF THE SPANISH HOTEL INDUSTRY (2008-2019) Translated title: STOCK D'IMMOBILISATIONS INCORPORELLES ET RENTABILITÉ DE L'ENTREPRISE. LE CAS DE L'HÔTELLERIE ESPAGNOLE (2008-2019) Translated title: ESTOQUE DE ATIVOS INTANGÍVEIS E RENTABILIDADE EMPRESARIAL. O CASO DA INDÚSTRIA HOTELEIRA ESPANHOLA (2008-2019)

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          Abstract

          RESUMEN: La literatura es prolija intentando establecer relaciones entre innovación y resultado empresarial, pero la diversidad de conclusiones procedentes de la definición o medición de la innovación motivó la elaboración de este trabajo. Nuestro objetivo fue comprobar si el stock de activos intangibles de las empresas hoteleras españolas mantiene una relación significativa con la rentabilidad (ROA) y si esta es distinta dependiendo del tamaño y la edad. La importancia económica de la industria hotelera y su necesidad de mantener la competitividad internacional explican su elección. Como marco teórico, tomamos el enfoque basado en los recursos y capacidades de la empresa (EBR), porque resalta los recursos internos intangibles como clave para mantener las ventajas competitivas entre empresas del mismo sector. Así, construimos un panel de datos (20082019) y analizamos los activos intangibles de las 1.927 empresas hoteleras extraídos de la base de datos Sistema de Análisis de Balances Ibéricos (SABI). Construimos un índice de innovación (II) de cada empresa y año, y buscamos su relación con la ROA por tamaño y edad. Nuestros resultados revelaron que el II estaba positivamente correlacionado con la ROA, sobre todo para los hoteles más antiguos y de tamaño mediano-grande, pero los hoteles de tamaño muy grande tenían una relación significativa y negativa: conforme crecen las empresas, crece la innovación, pero solo hasta un límite.

          Translated abstract

          ASBTRACT: Business literature has noticeably tried to establish relationships between innovation and business results. In this context, the diversity of conclusions regarding the definitions or measurements of innovation encouraged the development of this study, whose objective was to verify if the stock of intangible assets of Spanish firms in the hotel industry has a significant relationship with profitability (ROA) and to identify whether this business indicator varies depending on firms' size and age. The economic value of the Spanish hotel industry and its need to maintain international competitiveness explain the selection of this sector. As a theoretical framework, we adopted the insights from the resource-based view (RBV), since this approach highlights intangible internal resources as key elements to maintain the competitive advantages of firms belonging to the same sector. With that in mind, we built a data panel (2008-2019) and examined information on the intangible assets of 1,927 hotel companies obtained from the Iberian Balance Sheet Analysis System (SABI) database. We also built an innovation index (II) for each company and each year, studying the relationship of this index with firms' ROA by size and age. Our findings revealed that the II was positively correlated with ROA, especially for older and medium- and large-sized hotels, and that very large-sized hotels had a significant and negative relationship: as companies grow, innovation grows as well, but only to a certain limit.

          Translated abstract

          RÉSUMÉ : La littérature tente depuis longtemps d'établir des relations entre l'innovation et les résultats des entreprises, mais la diversité des conclusions tirées de la définition ou de la mesure de l'innovation a motivé la préparation de ce travail. Notre objectif était de vérifier si le stock d'actifs incorporels des entreprises hôtelières espagnoles entretient une relation significative avec la rentabilité (ROA) et si celle-ci est différente selon la taille et l'âge. L'importance économique de l'hôtellerie et sa nécessité de maintenir une compétitivité internationale expliquent son choix. Comme cadre théorique, nous adoptons l'approche basée sur les ressources et les capacités de l'entreprise (EBR), car elle met en évidence les ressources internes immatérielles comme clé du maintien des avantages compétitifs entre les entreprises d'un même secteur. Ainsi, nous avons construit un panel de données (2008-2019) et analysé les actifs incorporels des 1 927 entreprises hôtelières extraites de la base de données Système d'Analyse de Bilans Ibériques (SABI). Nous construisons un indice d'innovation (II) pour chaque entreprise et année, et nous recherchons sa relation avec le ROA par taille et par âge. Nos résultats ont révélé qu'il était positivement corrélé au ROA, en particulier pour les hôtels plus anciens et de taille moyenne à grande, mais que les hôtels de très grande taille avaient une relation significative et négative : à mesure que les entreprises se développent, l'innovation se développe, mais seulement jusqu'à une certaine limite.

          Translated abstract

          RESUMO: A literatura é prolixa quando tenta estabelecer relações entre inovação e resultado empresarial, mas a diversidade de conclusões procedentes da definição ou da avaliação da inovação motivou a elaboração deste trabalho. Nosso objetivo é comprovar se o estoque de ativos intangíveis das empresas de hotelaria espanholas mantém relação significativa com a rentabilidade (ROA) e se esta é diferente conforme o tamanho e a idade. A importância económica da indústria hoteleira e sua necessidade de manter a competitividade internacional explicam sua escolha. Como referencial teórico, recorremos à abordagem baseada nos recursos e capacidades da empresa, porque ressalta os recursos internos intangíveis como chave para manter as vantagens competitivas entre empresas do mesmo setor. Assim, construímos um painel de dados (2008-2019) e analisamos os ativos intangíveis das 1.927 empresas hoteleiras extraídos da base de dados Sistema de Análise de Balanços Ibéricos. Construímos um índice de inovação (li) de cada empresa e ano, e buscamos sua relação com a ROA por tamanho e idade. Nossos resultados revelaram que o li estava positivamente correlacionado com a ROA, principalmente para os hotéis mais antigos e de tamanho médio-grande, mas os hotéis de tamanho muito grande tinham uma relação significativa e negativa: conforme as empresas crescem, cresce a inovação, mas somente até um ponto.

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          Most cited references67

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          Innovation in the pharmaceutical industry: New estimates of R&D costs.

          The research and development costs of 106 randomly selected new drugs were obtained from a survey of 10 pharmaceutical firms. These data were used to estimate the average pre-tax cost of new drug and biologics development. The costs of compounds abandoned during testing were linked to the costs of compounds that obtained marketing approval. The estimated average out-of-pocket cost per approved new compound is $1395 million (2013 dollars). Capitalizing out-of-pocket costs to the point of marketing approval at a real discount rate of 10.5% yields a total pre-approval cost estimate of $2558 million (2013 dollars). When compared to the results of the previous study in this series, total capitalized costs were shown to have increased at an annual rate of 8.5% above general price inflation. Adding an estimate of post-approval R&D costs increases the cost estimate to $2870 million (2013 dollars).
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            The Resource-Based Theory of Competitive Advantage: Implications for Strategy Formulation

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              Learning orientation, firm innovation capability, and firm performance

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                s_inn
                Innovar : Revista de Ciencias Administrativas y Sociales
                Innovar
                Escuela de Administración de Empresas y Contaduría Pública, Facultad de Ciencias Económicas, Universidad Nacional de Colombia (Bogotá, , Colombia )
                0121-5051
                June 2022
                : 32
                : 84
                : 25-39
                Affiliations
                [2] Alicante Valencia orgnameUniversidad de Alicante Spain c.banon@ 123456ua.es
                [1] Alicante Valencia orgnameUniversidad de Alicante Spain remedios.ramon@ 123456ua.es
                Article
                S0121-50512022000200025 S0121-5051(22)03208400025
                10.15446/innovar.v32n84.100544
                a0327649-700e-45ee-b354-8e5471f9a281

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 19 May 2021
                : 12 November 2020
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 67, Pages: 15
                Product

                SciELO Colombia

                Categories
                Contabilidad y Finanzas

                ROA,rentabilidad económica,innovación,empresas hoteleras,activos intangibles,rentabilidade económica,inovação,empresas hoteleiras,ativos intangíveis,rentabilité économique,innovation,entreprises hôtelières,immobilisations incorporelles,economic profitability,hotel firms,Intangible assets

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