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      Correlation between environmental pollution indicators and COVID-19 pandemic: A brief study in Californian context

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          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          In December 2019, the novel coronavirus COVID-19 outbreak was first detected in Wuhan Hubei province, China. In California on April 24, 2020, the Centers for Disease Control and Preventions (CDC) has confirmed more than 39,000 cases, including >1800 deaths. California's Governor Gavin Newsom ordered mandatory stay at home after World Health Organization (WHO) declared COVID-19 as a global pandemic in early March. We have evaluated the correlation between environmental pollution determinants and the COVID-19 outbreak in California by using the secondary published data from the Centers for Disease Control and the Environmental Pollution Agency (EPA). We employed Spearman and Kendall correlation tests to analyze the association of PM 2.5, PM 10, SO 2, NO 2, Pb, VOC, and CO with COVID-19 cases in California. Our findings indicate that environmental pollutants such as PM10, PM2.5, SO 2, NO 2, and CO have a significant correlation with the COVID-19 epidemic in California. Overall, our study is a useful supplement to encourage regulatory bodies to promote changes in environmental policies as pollution source control can reduce the harmful effects of environmental pollutants.

          Highlights

          • •

            The study examines the impact of air pollutants on the COVID-19 epidemic in California.

          • •

            PM 2.5, PM 10, NO 2, CO, Pb and SO 2 are the most significant pollutant indicators.

          • •

            Adoption of green environmental policies should be further promoted to protect the environment.

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          COVID-19 infection: Origin, transmission, and characteristics of human coronaviruses

          Muhammad Adnan Shereen, Suliman Khan, Abeer Kazmi … (2020)
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          Article 0 comments Cited 1335 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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            Epidemiology and cause of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in Guangdong, People's Republic of China, in February, 2003

            NS Zhong, BJ Zheng, YM Li … (2003)
            Summary Background An epidemic of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) has been associated with an outbreak of atypical pneumonia originating in Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China. We aimed to identify the causative agent in the Guangdong outbreak and describe the emergence and spread of the disease within the province. Methods We analysed epidemiological information and collected serum and nasopharyngeal aspirates from patients with SARS in Guangdong in mid-February, 2003. We did virus isolation, serological tests, and molecular assays to identify the causative agent. Findings SARS had been circulating in other cities of Guangdong Province for about 2 months before causing a major outbreak in Guangzhou, the province's capital. A novel coronavirus, SARS coronavirus (CoV), was isolated from specimens from three patients with SARS. Viral antigens were also directly detected in nasopharyngeal aspirates from these patients. 48 of 55 (87%) patients had antibodies to SARS CoV in their convalescent sera. Genetic analysis showed that the SARS CoV isolates from Guangzhou shared the same origin with those in other countries, and had a phylogenetic pathway that matched the spread of SARS to the other parts of the world. Interpretation SARS CoV is the infectious agent responsible for the epidemic outbreak of SARS in Guangdong. The virus isolated from patients in Guangdong is the prototype of the SARS CoV in other regions and countries.
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              Correlation between climate indicators and COVID-19 pandemic in New York, USA

              Muhammad Bashir, Benjiang Ma, Bilal … (2020)
              This study analyzed the association between COVID-19 and climate indicators in New York City, USA. We used secondary published data from New York city health services and National weather service, USA. The climate indicators included in the study are average temperature, minimum temperature, maximum temperature, rainfall, average humidity, wind speed, and air quality. Kendall and Spearman rank correlation tests were chosen for data analysis. We find that average temperature, minimum temperature, and air quality were significantly associated with the COVID-19 pandemic. The findings of this study will help World Health Organization and health regulators such as Center for Disease Control (CDC) to combat COVID-19 in New York and the rest of the world.
              Article 0 comments Cited 296 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Environ Res
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Environ. Res
                Title: Environmental Research
                Publisher: Elsevier Inc.
                ISSN (Print): 0013-9351
                ISSN (Electronic): 1096-0953
                Publication date PMC-release: 13 May 2020
                Publication date (Electronic): 13 May 2020
                Electronic Location Identifier: 109652
                Author notes
                [∗ ]Corresponding author. Mr. Muhammad Farhan Bashir, Corresponding Author's Institution: Central South University First Author: Muhammad Farhan Bashir
                Article
                Publisher ID: S0013-9351(20)30545-4 Publisher ID: 109652
                DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.109652
                PMC ID: 7219392
                PubMed ID: 32405084
                SO-VID: a0087122-b9f9-4ac0-85b0-862db8bc78ca
                Copyright © © 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
                License:

                Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre - including this research content - immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active.

                History
                Date received : 23 April 2020
                Date revision received : 5 May 2020
                Date accepted : 6 May 2020
                Categories
                Subject: Article

                ScienceOpen disciplines: General environmental science
                Keywords: covid-19,environmental pollution,california,pm 2.5,pm 10
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: General environmental science
                Keywords: covid-19, environmental pollution, california, pm 2.5, pm 10

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