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      Estudo comparativo entre bupivacaína (S75-R25) e ropivacaína em bloqueio peridural para analgesia de parto Translated title: Estudio comparativo entre la bupivacaína (S75-R25) y la ropivacaína en bloqueo epidural para analgesia de parto Translated title: A comparative study between bupivacaine (S75-R25) and ropivacaine in spinal anesthesia for labor analgesia

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          Abstract

          JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: A anestesia peridural é utilizada para alívio da dor no trabalho de parto e está associada a baixos índices de complicações. Estudos com enantiômeros levógiros dos anestésicos locais demonstraram maior segurança em função da menor cardiotoxicidade. Este estudo teve o objetivo de avaliar a latência e a duração da analgesia e as repercussões maternas e fetais com o emprego da bupivacaína (S75-R25) e da ropivacaína quando utilizadas para analgesia de parto por bloqueio peridural. MÉTODOS: Realizou-se um ensaio clínico prospectivo, duplamente encoberto e aleatório, de 49 pacientes gestantes de termo, apresentando baixo risco, com indicação de parto vaginal, idade entre 15 e 35 anos, ASA I ou II distribuídas em dois grupos: GI - bupivacaína (S75-R25) 0,25%; GII - ropivacaína a 0,20%. RESULTADOS: Evidenciou-se diferença estatisticamente significante entre os dois grupos 30 minutos após a instalação da peridural, sendo os escores de dor maiores no grupo que utilizou a ropivacaína. Não foram encontradas diferenças estatísticas significativas quanto a latência de analgesia, nível sensorial do bloqueio, volume de anestésico local, dose de resgate, duração do trabalho de parto e da analgesia, frequência de parto instrumental, alterações hemodinâmicas, escores de Apgar ou pH do cordão umbilical e incidência de eventos adversos. CONCLUSÕES: O uso de bupivacaína (S75-R25) e ropivacaína para a analgesia de parto proporcionou boas condições para a realização da anestesia peridural com pequenas ocorrências de eventos adversos

          Translated abstract

          JUSTIFICATIVA Y OBJETIVOS: La anestesia epidural se usa para el alivio del dolor en el parto y está asociada a bajos índices de complicaciones. Estudios con enantiómeros levógiros de los anestésicos locales, han demostrado una seguridad más elevada en función de una menor cardiotoxicidad. Este estudio quiso evaluar la latencia y la duración de la analgesia y las repercusiones maternas y fetales con el uso de la bupivacaína (S75-R25) y de la ropivacaína cuando se usan para la analgesia de parto por bloqueo epidural. MÉTODOS: Realizamos un ensayo clínico prospectivo, encubierto y randomizado, con 49 pacientes gestantes a término, que presentaban bajo riesgo, con indicación de parto vaginal, y una edad entre los 15 y los 35 años, ASA I o II distribuidas en dos grupos: GI - bupivacaína (S75-R25) 0,25%; GII - ropivacaína a 0,20%. RESULTADOS: Quedó evidenciada la diferencia estadísticamente significativa entre los dos grupos, 30 minutos después de la administración de la epidural, siendo que las puntuaciones de dolor fueron más elevadas en el grupo que utilizó la ropivacaína. No se encontraron diferencias estadísticas significativas en cuanto a la latencia de la analgesia, nivel sensorial del bloqueo, volumen del anestésico local, dosis de rescate, duración del parto y de la analgesia, frecuencia de parto instrumental, alteraciones hemodinámicas, puntuaciones de Apgar o pH del cordón umbilical e incidencia de eventos adversos. CONCLUSIONES: El uso de la bupivacaína (S75-R25) y la ropivacaína para la analgesia de parto, proporcionó buenas condiciones para la realización de la anestesia epidural con pequeñas incidencias de eventos adversos

          Translated abstract

          BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Spinal anesthesia is used for relief of pain during labor and it is associated with low indices of complications. Studies with levorotatory enantiomers of local anesthetics demonstrate higher safety due to the lower cardiotoxicity. The objective of this study was to evaluate the latency and duration of analgesia and maternal and fetal repercussions with bupivacaine (S75-R25) and ropivacaine in spinal anesthesia for labor analgesia. METHODS: A prospective, double-blind, randomized clinical assay was undertaken with 49 labouring parturients with low risk, with indication of vaginal delivery, ages 15 to 35 years, ASA I or II, divided into two groups: GI - 0.25% bupivacaine (S75-R25); GII - 0.20% ropivacaine. RESULTS: A statistically significant difference was observed between the two groups 30 minutes after the spinal anesthesia, and pain scores were higher in the ropivacaine group. Statistically significant differences were not observed regarding the latency of analgesia, sensorial level of the blockade, volume of local anesthetic, rescue dose, duration of labor and analgesia, frequency of instrument-assisted labor, hemodynamic changes, Apgar scores or umbilical cord blood pH, and incidence of adverse events. CONCLUSIONS: The use of bupivacaine (S75-R25) and ropivacaine in labor analgesia provided good conditions for spinal anesthesia with small indices of adverse events

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          Most cited references26

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          Cardiac arrest following regional anesthesia with etidocaine or bupivacaine.

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            Levobupivacaine: a review of its pharmacology and use as a local anaesthetic.

            Based on findings that the cardiotoxicity infrequently observed with racemic bupivacaine shows enantioselectivity, i.e. it is more pronounced with the R(+)-enantiomer, the S(-)-enantiomer (levobupivacaine) has been developed for clinical use as a long acting local anaesthetic. The majority of in vitro, in vivo and human pharmacodynamic studies of nerve block indicate that levobupivacaine has similar potency to bupivacaine. However, levobupivacaine had a lower risk of cardiovascular and CNS toxicity than bupivacaine in animal studies. In human volunteers, levobupivacaine had less of a negative inotropic effect and, at intravenous doses >75 mg, produced less prolongation of the QTc interval than bupivacaine. Fewer changes indicative of CNS depression on EEG were evident with levobupivacaine. Levobupivacaine is long acting with a dose-dependent duration of anaesthesia. The onset of action is < or = 15 minutes with various anaesthetic techniques. In studies of surgical anaesthesia in adults, levobupivacaine provided sensory block for up to 9 hours after epidural administration of < or = 202.5 mg, 6.5 hours after intrathecal 15 mg, and 17 hours after brachial plexus block with 2 mg/kg. Randomised, double-blind clinical studies established that the anaesthetic and/or analgesic effects of levobupivacaine were largely similar to those of bupivacaine at the same dose. Sensory block tended to be longer with levobupivacaine than bupivacaine, amounting to a difference of 23 to 45 minutes with epidural administration and approximately 2 hours with peripheral nerve block. With epidural administration, levobupivacaine produced less prolonged motor block than sensory block. This differential was not seen with peripheral nerve block. Conditions satisfactory for surgery and good pain management were achieved by use of local infiltration or peribulbar administration of levobupivacaine. Levobupivacaine was generally as effective as bupivacaine for pain management during labour, and was effective for the management of postoperative pain, especially when combined with clonidine, morphine or fentanyl. The tolerability profiles of levobupivacaine and bupivacaine were very similar in clinical trials. No clinically significant ECG abnormalities or serious CNS events occurred with the doses used. The most common adverse event associated with levobupivacaine treatment was hypotension (31%). Levobupivacaine is a long acting local anaesthetic with a clinical profile closely resembling that of bupivacaine. However, current preclinical safety and toxicity data show an advantage for levobupivacaine over bupivacaine. Clinical data comparing levobupivacaine with ropivacaine are needed before the role of the drug can be fully established. Excluding pharmacoeconomic considerations, levobupivacaine is an appropriate choice for use in place of bupivacaine.
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              Toxicological and Local Anaesthetic Effects of Optically Active Isomers of Two Local Anaesthetic Compounds

              G Aberg (1972)
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                rba
                Revista Brasileira de Anestesiologia
                Rev. Bras. Anestesiol.
                Sociedade Brasileira de Anestesiologia (Campinas, SP, Brazil )
                0034-7094
                1806-907X
                October 2010
                : 60
                : 5
                : 484-494
                Affiliations
                [01] orgnameCET
                [02] orgnameEscola Pernambucana de Medicina
                [03] orgnameIMIP orgdiv1Serviço de Anestesiologia Materno-Infantil
                [05] orgnameSBA orgdiv1CET orgdiv2IMIP
                [06] orgnameCET orgdiv1Santa Casa de Santos
                [04] orgnameSanta Casa de Santos orgdiv1Serviço de Anestesiologia
                Article
                S0034-70942010000500005 S0034-7094(10)06000505
                10.1590/S0034-70942010000500005
                9fff804f-e9dd-408c-a8e9-be2b03122b70

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 03 May 2010
                : 15 October 2009
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 27, Pages: 11
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Categories
                Artigo Científico

                ANESTHESICS, Local,ANALGESIA,ANESTÉSICO, Local,ANALGESIA, Parto,TÉCNICAS ANESTÉSICAS, Regional,ANALGESIA, Labor,ANESTHESICS TCHNICS, Regional

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