1
views
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
0 collections
    0
    shares
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: found
      Is Open Access

      Ladylift ® non-ablative laser technology for the treatment of menopausal vestibulodynia and genitourinary syndrome

      research-article

      Read this article at

      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          Introduction

          Genitourinary syndrome of menopause (GSM) affects up to 48% of pre-menopause women and up to 90% of menopausal women. Many menopausal women with dyspareunia have significant vestibular tenderness due to oestrogen deficiency, which increases the density of sensory nerve fibres in the vulva and the vagina. For this reason, GSM is recognized as one of the causes of provoked vestibulodynia. Few therapies have proven to be effective for provoked vestibulodynia. Many studies have shown the efficacy of laser CO 2 therapy, proving its cost-effectiveness and safety for vaginal health.

          Material and methods

          In this article we tested a new non-ablative solid-state laser: Ladylift®. The main difference between Ladylift® and other laser technologies is the use of a non-ablative laser wavelength of 1470 nm, without causing ablative thermal injury on the surface of the mucosa. We enrolled 18 post- menopausal women presenting to a private clinic with GSM symptoms and provoked vulvodynia.

          Results

          The treatment protocol consists of 4 sessions of laser, 2 weeks apart, of the duration of 4 minutes. Benefits to menopause symptoms, reported with a numeric rating scale, and to epithelium trophism reported with the vaginal health index were apparent since the first session. Patients undergoing laser therapy have had evident benefit both from the point of view of pain and from that of vaginal health.

          Conclusions

          All the women tolerated the therapy well without any adverse effects. However, the beneficial effect tended to gradually decrease over time, suggesting the need to perform more therapy sessions.

          Related collections

          Most cited references25

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: not found
          • Article: not found

          Measures of adult pain: Visual Analog Scale for Pain (VAS Pain), Numeric Rating Scale for Pain (NRS Pain), McGill Pain Questionnaire (MPQ), Short-Form McGill Pain Questionnaire (SF-MPQ), Chronic Pain Grade Scale (CPGS), Short Form-36 Bodily Pain Scale (SF-36 BPS), and Measure of Intermittent and Constant Osteoarthritis Pain (ICOAP).

            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: found
            • Article: not found

            The complex role of estrogens in inflammation.

            There is still an unresolved paradox with respect to the immunomodulating role of estrogens. On one side, we recognize inhibition of bone resorption and suppression of inflammation in several animal models of chronic inflammatory diseases. On the other hand, we realize the immunosupportive role of estrogens in trauma/sepsis and the proinflammatory effects in some chronic autoimmune diseases in humans. This review examines possible causes for this paradox. This review delineates how the effects of estrogens are dependent on criteria such as: 1) the immune stimulus (foreign antigens or autoantigens) and subsequent antigen-specific immune responses (e.g., T cell inhibited by estrogens vs. activation of B cell); 2) the cell types involved during different phases of the disease; 3) the target organ with its specific microenvironment; 4) timing of 17beta-estradiol administration in relation to the disease course (and the reproductive status of a woman); 5) the concentration of estrogens; 6) the variability in expression of estrogen receptor alpha and beta depending on the microenvironment and the cell type; and 7) intracellular metabolism of estrogens leading to important biologically active metabolites with quite different anti- and proinflammatory function. Also mentioned are systemic supersystems such as the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, the sensory nervous system, and the sympathetic nervous system and how they are influenced by estrogens. This review reinforces the concept that estrogens have antiinflammatory but also proinflammatory roles depending on above-mentioned criteria. It also explains that a uniform concept as to the action of estrogens cannot be found for all inflammatory diseases due to the enormous variable responses of immune and repair systems.
              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: not found
              • Article: not found

              Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial for evaluating the efficacy of fractional CO2 laser compared with topical estriol in the treatment of vaginal atrophy in postmenopausal women

                Bookmark

                Author and article information

                Journal
                Prz Menopauzalny
                Prz Menopauzalny
                MR
                Przegla̜d Menopauzalny = Menopause Review
                Termedia Publishing House
                1643-8876
                2299-0038
                30 December 2022
                December 2022
                : 21
                : 4
                : 253-258
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy
                [2 ]Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
                [3 ]Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano-Isontina, San Polo Hospital, Gorizia-Monfalcone, Italy
                Author notes
                Corresponding author: Guglielmo Stabile, PhD, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, via dell'Istria 65/1, Trieste, Italy, e-mail: guglielmost@ 123456gmail.com
                Article
                49872
                10.5114/pm.2022.124015
                9871998
                36704770
                9f4b107a-c069-4947-a395-8798d41f46fc
                Copyright © 2022 Termedia

                This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0). License ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/)

                History
                : 15 April 2022
                : 26 June 2022
                Categories
                Original Paper

                laser,vestibulodynia,menopause,genitourinary syndrome
                laser, vestibulodynia, menopause, genitourinary syndrome

                Comments

                Comment on this article