3
views
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
0 collections
    0
    shares
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: found
      Is Open Access

      Diagnostic efficacy of Light-Emitting Diode (LED) Fluorescence based Microscope for the diagnosis of Tuberculous lymphadenitis

      research-article

      Read this article at

      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          Background

          The comparatively straightforward and cheaper light-emitting diode fluorescent microscope (LEDFM) was suggested by WHO to replace conventional microscope in tuberculosis (TB) laboratories. However, the comparable efficacy of each of those techniques differs from laboratory to laboratory. We investigated the efficacy of LEDFM for the diagnosis of tuberculous lymphadenitis (TBLN) patients.

          Methods

          A cross-sectional study was conducted on 211 samples from clinically suspected tuberculous lymphadenitis patients. Three smears were prepared from FNA on microscope slides for cytomorphology study, Auramine O (AO), and for Ziehl-Neelsen (ZN) staining. The left-over samples were inoculated onto Lowenstein-Jensen (LJ) media. Statistical analysis was done using STATA version 11. The sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values were calculated by considering the culture results as the gold standard using a 95% confidence interval.

          Results

          Among 211 samples 49.7% (105) were positive by cytomorphology, 32.7% (69) by LEDFM, 23.69% (50) by LJ culture, and 13.7% (29) by ZN. Compared to the gold standard sensitivity of ZN, LEDFM, and cytomorphology were 30% [95% CI: 17.9–44.6], 66% [95% CI: 51.2–78.8] 78% [95% CI: 64–88.5], respectively. The specificity of ZN, LEDFM, and cytomorphology was 91.3% [95% CI: 85.8–95.2], 77.6% [95% CI: 70.4–83.8], 58.8% [95% CI: 50.7–66.5], respectively.

          Conclusion

          LED fluorescence microscopy gives a legitimate option in contrast to conventional ZN techniques in terms of its higher sensitivity, a bit lower specificity, time-saving, and minimal effort.

          Related collections

          Most cited references26

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: found
          • Article: not found

          Tuberculosis: a disease without boundaries.

          Tuberculosis (TB) is an airborne disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) that usually affects the lungs leading to severe coughing, fever, and chest pains. Although current research in the past four years has provided valuable insight into TB transmission, diagnosis, and treatment, much remains to be discovered to effectively decrease the incidence of and eventually eradicate TB. The disease still puts a strain on public health, being only second to HIV/AIDS in causing high mortality rates. This review will highlight the history of TB as well as provide an overview of the current literature on epidemiology, pathogenesis and the immune response, treatment, and control of TB. In this race to combat a disease that knows no boundaries, it is necessary to have a conceptual and clear understanding of TB overall with the hope of providing better treatment through novel and collaborative research and public health efforts.
            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: found
            • Article: not found

            Extrapulmonary tuberculosis: are statistical reports accurate?

            Before discussing the epidemiology of extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) and particularly urogenital tuberculosis (UGTB), unification of the terminology is necessary. The term 'urogenital tuberculosis' is preferable to 'genitourinary tuberculosis', as renal and urinary tract tuberculosis is more common than genital tuberculosis. Some understand the term 'extrapulmonary tuberculosis' as a specific tuberculosis (TB) lesion of all organs excluding the bronchus, lungs, pleura and intrathoracic bronchopulmonary lymph nodes, but others consider pleural TB as one form of EPTB - and it is a reason for very different proportions in the spectrum of EPTB. Enigmatic tendencies have also been revealed in patients' distribution - in neighbouring regions the incidence rate may differ significantly. Although there is no clear explanation for these tendencies, careful study of the epidemiology of EPTB in different conditions will improve early diagnosis.
              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: found
              • Article: not found

              Improvement of tuberculosis case detection and reduction of discrepancies between men and women by simple sputum-submission instructions: a pragmatic randomised controlled trial.

              In several settings, women with suspected tuberculosis are less likely to test smear positive than are men. Submission of poor-quality sputum specimens by women might be one reason for the difference between the sexes. We did a pragmatic randomised controlled trial to assess the effect of sputum-submission instructions on female patients. 1494 women and 1561 men with suspected tuberculosis attending the Federal Tuberculosis Centre in Rawalpindi, Pakistan, were randomly assigned between May and July, 2005 either to receive sputum-submission guidance before specimen submission or to submit specimens without specific guidance, according to prevailing practice. Of enrolled patients, 133 (4%) declined to participate. The primary outcome measure was the proportion of instructed and non-instructed women testing smear positive. Intention-to-treat analysis was undertaken on the basis of treatment allocation. This study is registered with the International Standard Randomised Controlled Trial number 34123170. Instructed women were more likely to test smear positive than were controls (Risk ratio 1.63 [95% CI 1.19-2.22]). Instructions were associated with a higher rate of smear-positive case detection (58 [8%] in controls vs 95 [13%] in the intervention group; p=0.002), a decrease in spot-saliva submission (p=0.003), and an increase in the number of women returning with an early-morning specimen (p=0.02). In men, instructions did not have a significant effect on the proportion testing smear positive or specimen quality. In the Federal Tuberculosis Centre in Rawalpindi, lower smear positivity in women than in men was mainly a function of poor-quality specimen submission. Smear positivity in women was increased substantially by provision of brief instructions. Sputum-submission guidance might be a highly cost-effective intervention to improve smear-positive case detection and reduce the disparity between the sexes in tuberculosis control in low-income countries.
                Bookmark

                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ConceptualizationRole: Data curationRole: Formal analysisRole: InvestigationRole: MethodologyRole: SoftwareRole: SupervisionRole: Writing – original draft
                Role: MethodologyRole: SupervisionRole: VisualizationRole: Writing – review & editing
                Role: MethodologyRole: SupervisionRole: Writing – review & editing
                Role: ConceptualizationRole: MethodologyRole: Writing – original draft
                Role: ConceptualizationRole: MethodologyRole: SupervisionRole: Writing – review & editing
                Role: Data curationRole: Formal analysisRole: Software
                Role: Methodology
                Role: ConceptualizationRole: MethodologyRole: SupervisionRole: Writing – original draft
                Role: Methodology
                Role: Methodology
                Role: Methodology
                Role: Methodology
                Role: InvestigationRole: Methodology
                Role: Methodology
                Role: ConceptualizationRole: Project administrationRole: Supervision
                Role: ConceptualizationRole: Project administrationRole: SupervisionRole: VisualizationRole: Writing – review & editing
                Role: Editor
                Journal
                PLoS One
                PLoS One
                plos
                PLoS ONE
                Public Library of Science (San Francisco, CA USA )
                1932-6203
                29 July 2021
                2021
                : 16
                : 7
                : e0255146
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Armauer Hansen Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
                [2 ] Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
                [3 ] Ethiopian Public Health Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
                [4 ] St. Peter Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
                Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, INDIA
                Author notes

                Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

                ‡ These authors also contributed equally to this work.

                Author information
                https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1308-7566
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0109-6062
                https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6922-9979
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0166-682X
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8028-1150
                Article
                PONE-D-20-38947
                10.1371/journal.pone.0255146
                8320901
                34324565
                9ef94edf-93d0-4428-9c0e-033fcc04ebb7
                © 2021 Assefa et al

                This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

                History
                : 11 December 2020
                : 11 July 2021
                Page count
                Figures: 1, Tables: 5, Pages: 12
                Funding
                Funded by: armauer hansen research institute
                This work is supported by Armauer Hansen Research Institute core budget. AHRI Receives core support from Sida, Norad, and the Government of Ethiopia.
                Categories
                Research Article
                Medicine and Health Sciences
                Medical Conditions
                Infectious Diseases
                Bacterial Diseases
                Tuberculosis
                Medicine and Health Sciences
                Medical Conditions
                Tropical Diseases
                Tuberculosis
                Biology and Life Sciences
                Cell Biology
                Cytology
                Research and Analysis Methods
                Microscopy
                Light Microscopy
                Fluorescence Microscopy
                Biology and Life Sciences
                Anatomy
                Lymphatic System
                Lymph Nodes
                Medicine and Health Sciences
                Anatomy
                Lymphatic System
                Lymph Nodes
                Medicine and Health Sciences
                Diagnostic Medicine
                Tuberculosis Diagnosis and Management
                Engineering and Technology
                Electronics Engineering
                Electronics
                Diodes
                Light Emitting Diodes
                Biology and Life Sciences
                Organisms
                Bacteria
                Actinobacteria
                Mycobacterium Tuberculosis
                Research and Analysis Methods
                Specimen Preparation and Treatment
                Staining
                Custom metadata
                All relevant data are within the paper and its Supporting Information files.

                Uncategorized
                Uncategorized

                Comments

                Comment on this article