Effects of Incorporating Titanium Dioxide with Titanium Carbide on Hybrid Materials Reinforced with Polyaniline: Synthesis, Characterization, Electrochemical and Supercapacitive Properties

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Abstract

We report on the synthesis of titanium dioxide by titanium carbide for the preparation of hybrid material reinforced with polyaniline (PANI@TiO2–TiC) using the in situ polymerization technique. The effectiveness of the samples on the thermal, optical and electrochemical properties was investigated. The XRD, XPS, FTIR, SEM and TEM results confirm the successful synthesis of the PANI, PANI@TiC and PANI@TiO2–TiC samples. Through this, a good connection, an excellent relationship between the structures and the properties of the synthesized hybrid materials were obtained. Moreover, the electrical conductivity and optical bandgap were also tested. Remarkably good electrochemical characteristics were identified by cyclic voltammetry. Moreover, the galvanostatic charge–discharge (GCD) of the supercapacitor was remarkably high. Cyclic stability showed good retention after 1500 cycles at 1.5 A·g−1.

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Supercapacitor electrode materials: nanostructures from 0 to 3 dimensions

Zenan Yu, Laurene Tetard, Lei Zhai … (2015)

A review of supercapacitor electrode materials with 0, 1, 2, and 3 dimensional nanostructures.

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Two-dimensional graphene bridges enhanced photoinduced charge transport in dye-sensitized solar cells.

Nailiang Yang, Jin Zhai, Dan Dan Wang … (2010)

As a novel two-dimensional (2D) material, graphene shows great benefits in electric and material science. Compared to 1D nanomaterials, it may show more excellent properties. Here, we introduced graphene as 2D bridges into the nanocrystalline electrodes of dye-sensitized solar cells, which brought a faster electron transport and a lower recombination, together with a higher light scattering. On the basis of these advantages, the short-circuit current density was increased by 45% without sacrificing the open-circuit voltage, and the total conversion efficiency was 6.97%, which was increased by 39%, comparing with the nanocrystalline titanium dioxide photoanode, and it was also much better than the 1D nanomaterial composite electrode.

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Advanced materials and technologies for supercapacitors used in energy conversion and storage: a review

M. Abdel Maksoud, Ramy Fahim, Ahmed Shalan … (2021)

Supercapacitors are increasingly used for energy conversion and storage systems in sustainable nanotechnologies. Graphite is a conventional electrode utilized in Li-ion-based batteries, yet its specific capacitance of 372 mA h g −1 is not adequate for supercapacitor applications. Interest in supercapacitors is due to their high-energy capacity, storage for a shorter period and longer lifetime. This review compares the following materials used to fabricate supercapacitors: spinel ferrites, e.g., MFe 2 O 4 , MMoO 4 and MCo 2 O 4 where M denotes a transition metal ion; perovskite oxides; transition metals sulfides; carbon materials; and conducting polymers. The application window of perovskite can be controlled by cations in sublattice sites. Cations increase the specific capacitance because cations possess large orbital valence electrons which grow the oxygen vacancies. Electrodes made of transition metal sulfides, e.g., ZnCo 2 S 4 , display a high specific capacitance of 1269 F g −1 , which is four times higher than those of transition metals oxides, e.g., Zn–Co ferrite, of 296 F g −1 . This is explained by the low charge-transfer resistance and the high ion diffusion rate of transition metals sulfides. Composites made of magnetic oxides or transition metal sulfides with conducting polymers or carbon materials have the highest capacitance activity and cyclic stability. This is attributed to oxygen and sulfur active sites which foster electrolyte penetration during cycling, and, in turn, create new active sites.

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Author and article information

Contributors

Lilia Sabantina: (View ORCID Profile)

Journal

Journal ID (publisher-id): FIBECU

Title: Fibers

Abbreviated Title: Fibers

Publisher: MDPI AG

ISSN (Electronic): 2079-6439

Publication date Created: May 2022

Publication date (Electronic): May 23 2022

Volume: 10

Issue: 5

Page: 46

Article

DOI: 10.3390/fib10050046

SO-VID: 9d96c971-ca02-4181-bb36-e24272761713

License:

https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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