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      Efecto del ácido naftalenacético y 6-bencilaminopurina en la inducción de callos embriogénicos en anteras de Carica papaya L. variedad criolla Translated title: Effect of naftalenacetic acid and 6-bencilaminopurine in the induction of embriogenic calllus of Carica papaya L. var. criolla

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          Abstract

          RESUMEN El papayo (Carica papaya L.), Caricaceae, es un cultivo importante por su alto valor nutricional y sus aplicaciones medicinales e industriales, sin embargo, este cultivo tiene problemas de plagas y enfermedades por lo cual hacen falta investigaciones para obtener variedades mejoradas de papaya. Una alternativa es el cultivo de anteras para lo cual es necesario conocer su competencia con la inducción de callos; con lo planteado el objetivo de esta experiencia fue determinar el efecto del ácido naftalenacético y 6-bencilaminopurina en la inducción de callos embriogénicos en anteras de C. papaya L. variedad criolla. Los pimpollos obtenidos fueron medidos y agrupados según su longitud, para determinar el estado de desarrollo del grano de polen y se confirmó el estado de microspora con la coloración de carmín acético y HCl. Luego los explantes fueron sometidos a un pretratamiento en frío (6°C) por 4 días, luego se sembraron en el medio Murashige & Skoog, que contenía sacarosa (3%), fitagel (0.5%), pH de 6.0 y combinaciones de ANA y BAP a concentraciones de ppm. La evaluación se realizó durante 4 meses, el tratamiento T4 (ANA 1 y BAP 0.5) fue el mejor para el porcentaje de anteras con callos (hasta un 40%), en cuanto a microsporas inducidas el mejor fue T5 (ANA 1 y BAP 1) con el 2.9%. El tamaño de las anteras aumentó y el color de las mismas cambió de amarillo a marrón. Durante el proceso de inducción no se observaron embriones, pero si desdiferenciación del tejido (meristemoides)

          Translated abstract

          ABSTRACT The papaya (Carica papaya L.), Caricaceae, is an important crop for its high nutritional value and its medicinal and industrial applications, however, this crop has problems of pests and diseases, which requires research to obtain improved varieties of papaya. An alternative is the cultivation of anthers for which it is necessary to know their competence with the induction of calluses; with the stated objective of this experience was to determine the effect of naphthaleneacetic acid and 6-benzylaminopurine in the induction of embryogenic calluses in anthers of C. papaya L. var. criolla. The obtained buds were measured and grouped according to their length, to determine the state of development of the pollen grain and the microspore state was confirmed with the coloring of acetic carmine and HCl. Then the explants were subjected to a cold pretreatment (6 ° C) for 4 days, then they were seeded in the Murashige & Skoog medium, which contained sucrose (3%), phytagel (0.5%), pH 6.0 and combinations of ANA and BAP at ppm concentrations. The evaluation was performed during 4 months, the treatment T4 (ANA 1 and BAP 0.5) was the best for the percentage of anthers with calluses (up to 40%), as for microspores induced the best was T5 (ANA 1 and BAP 1) with 2.9%. The size of the anthers increased and the color of the anthers changed from yellow to brown. During the induction process, embryos were not observed, but tissue dedifferentiation (meristemoids) was observed

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          Haploids: Constraints and opportunities in plant breeding.

          The discovery of haploids in higher plants led to the use of doubled haploid (DH) technology in plant breeding. This article provides the state of the art on DH technology including the induction and identification of haploids, what factors influence haploid induction, molecular basis of microspore embryogenesis, the genetics underpinnings of haploid induction and its use in plant breeding, particularly to fix traits and unlock genetic variation. Both in vitro and in vivo methods have been used to induce haploids that are thereafter chromosome doubled to produce DH. Various heritable factors contribute to the successful induction of haploids, whose genetics is that of a quantitative trait. Genomic regions associated with in vitro and in vivo DH production were noted in various crops with the aid of DNA markers. It seems that F2 plants are the most suitable for the induction of DH lines than F1 plants. Identifying putative haploids is a key issue in haploid breeding. DH technology in Brassicas and cereals, such as barley, maize, rice, rye and wheat, has been improved and used routinely in cultivar development, while in other food staples such as pulses and root crops the technology has not reached to the stage leading to its application in plant breeding. The centromere-mediated haploid induction system has been used in Arabidopsis, but not yet in crops. Most food staples are derived from genomic resources-rich crops, including those with sequenced reference genomes. The integration of genomic resources with DH technology provides new opportunities for the improving selection methods, maximizing selection gains and accelerate cultivar development. Marker-aided breeding and DH technology have been used to improve host plant resistance in barley, rice, and wheat. Multinational seed companies are using DH technology in large-scale production of inbred lines for further development of hybrid cultivars, particularly in maize. The public sector provides support to national programs or small-medium private seed for the exploitation of DH technology in plant breeding.
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            Microspore embryogenesis: establishment of embryo identity and pattern in culture

            The developmental plasticity of plants is beautifully illustrated by the competence of the immature male gametophyte to change its developmental fate from pollen to embryo development when exposed to stress treatments in culture. This process, referred to as microspore embryogenesis, is widely exploited in plant breeding, but also provides a unique system to understand totipotency and early cell fate decisions. We summarize the major concepts that have arisen from decades of cell and molecular studies on microspore embryogenesis and put these in the context of recent experiments, as well as results obtained from the study of pollen and zygotic embryo development.
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              Carica papaya linn: an overview

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                ria
                Revista de Investigaciones Altoandinas
                Rev. investig. Altoandin.
                Universidad Nacional del Altiplano (Puno, , Peru )
                2313-2957
                October 2018
                : 20
                : 4
                : 401-408
                Affiliations
                [02] orgnameUniversidad Nacional de Trujillo-Perú orgdiv1Laboratorio de Fisiología y Cultivo de Tejidos Vegetales
                [01] orgnameUniversidad Nacional de Trujillo-Perú orgdiv1Laboratorio de Fisiología y Cultivo de Tejidos Vegetales
                Article
                S2313-29572018000400003
                10.18271/ria.2018.417
                9c950904-3fa4-4d39-99e4-773250d3d880

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 17 May 2018
                : 30 September 2018
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 19, Pages: 8
                Product

                SciELO Peru

                Categories
                Artículo Original

                6- bencilaminopurina (BAP),Carica papaya,anteras,ácido naftalenacético (ANA),microsporas,anthers,microspores,naphthaleneacetic acid (ANA),6-benzylaminopurine (BAP)

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