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      Éxito de inserción y ventilación con tubo versus máscara laríngea por anestesiólogos inexpertos: ensayo clínico controlado

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          Abstract

          La Máscara laríngea (ML) y el tubo laríngeo (TL) son dos de las últimas innovaciones creadas con el fin de facilitar el abordaje y la ventilación de la vía aérea Estudios evidencian menor respuesta neuroendocrina, menor trauma de las cuerdas vocales y menos cambios en la función respiratoria. Este estudio, compara el éxito de inserción y ventilación, la respuesta hemodinámica y la morbilidad postinserción entre el TL y la ML por personal inexperto. Definiéndose Éxito de inserción según el número de intentos de colocación del dispositivo y Éxito de ventilación, como la capacidad de mantener normocapnia y presiones de vía aérea menores de 30 cms de H2O. Se aleatorizaron 176 pacientes, ASA I-II, en dos grupos, siguiendo un protocolo anestésico estándar, bajo ventilación controlada. El éxito global de inserción al primer intento fue de 78,82% (IC95% 73-85) al segundo de 95,29% (IC 95% 92-98) y al tercero de 98,24% (IC 95% 96-100), con un 98,83% (IC 95% 97 -101) para el TL y 98,23% (IC 95% 94 -100) para la ML, sin diferencias significativas entre los dos grupos. (p=0.546). El éxito de ventilación no presentó diferencias significativas, un 98,82% para el TL y de 96,34% para la ML, p=0.3616. La respuesta hemodinámica fue similar en los dos grupos encontrándose disminuciones de presión arterial entre el 0 y 20%, consideradas como normales. No hubo diferencias en las presiones de la vía aérea y en la capnografía. La morbilidad fue de 9,76% para ML y de 9,42% para TL, p=0.922, siendo el malestar postoperatorio, la más frecuente queja.

          Translated abstract

          The laryngeal Mask (ML( and the laryngeal tube (TL) are two of the last innovations created with the purpose of facilitating the boarding and the ventilation of the aerial route Studies demonstrate minor hormonal answer, smaller trauma of the vocal cords and less changes in the respiratory function. This study compares the success of insertion and ventilation, the hemodynamic answer and the morbidity postinserción between the TL and the ML by inexpert personnel. Defining Success of insertion according to the number of attempts of positioning of the devices and success of ventilation, as the capacity to maintain normocapnia and smaller pressures of 30 aerial route of cms of HÒ. randomized 176 patients, ASA I II, in two groups, following a standard anesthetic protocol, under controlled ventilation. The global success of insertion to the first attempt was of 78,82% (IC95% 73-85) to the second of 95,29% (IC 95% 92-98) and to third of 98,24% (IC 95% 96-100), with 98,83% (IC95% 97- 101) for TL and 98,23% (IC95% 94-100) for the ML, without significant differences between both groups (p=0.546). The ventilation success did not present/display significant differences, 98,82% for the TL and of 96,34% for the ML, p=0.3616. The hemodynamic answer was similar in both groups being diminutions of arterial pressure between 0 and 20%, considered like normal. There were no differences in the pressures of the aerial route and in the capnografía. The morbidity was of 9,76% for ML and 9,42% for TL, p=0.922, being the post operating malaise, the most frequents complair.

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          Most cited references33

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          A comparison of the laryngeal mask airway ProSeal and the laryngeal tube airway in paralyzed anesthetized adult patients undergoing pressure-controlled ventilation.

          We compared the laryngeal mask airway ProSeal (PLMA) and the laryngeal tube airway (LTA), two new extraglottic airway devices, with respect to: 1) insertion success rates and times, 2) efficacy of seal, 3) ventilatory variables during pressure-controlled ventilation, 4) tidal volume in different head/neck positions, and 5) airway interventional requirements. One-hundred-twenty paralyzed anesthetized ASA physical status I and II adult patients were randomly allocated to the PLMA or LTA for airway management. A standardized anesthesia protocol was followed by two anesthesiologists experienced with both devices. The criteria for an effective airway included a minimal expired tidal volume of 6 mL/kg during pressure-controlled ventilation at 17 cm H(2)O with no oropharyngeal leak or gastric insufflation. First attempt success rates at achieving an effective airway were similar (PLMA: 85%; LTA: 87%), but after 3 attempts, success was more frequent for the PLMA (100% versus 92%, P = 0.02). Effective airway time was similar. Oropharyngeal leak pressure was larger for PLMA at 50% maximal recommended cuff volume (29 +/- 7 versus 21 +/- 6 cm H(2)O, P < 0.0001), but was similar at the maximal recommended cuff volume (33 +/- 7 versus 31 +/- 8 cm H(2)O). Tidal volumes (614 +/- 173 versus 456 +/- 207 mL, P < 0.0001) were larger and ETCO(2) (33 +/- 9 versus 40 +/- 11 mm Hg, P = 0.0001) lower for the PLMA. The number of airway interventions was significantly less frequent for the PLMA. Airway obstruction was more common with the LTA. When comparing mean tidal volumes in different head/neck positions, the quality of airway was unchanged in 56 of 60 patients (93%) with the PLMA and 42 of 55 (76%) with the LTA (P = 0.01). The PLMA offers advantages over the LTA in most technical aspects of airway management in paralyzed patients undergoing pressure-controlled ventilation. The laryngeal mask airway ProSeal offers advantages over the laryngeal tube airway in most technical aspects of airway management in paralyzed patients undergoing pressure-controlled ventilation.
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            The intubating laryngeal mask. II: A preliminary clinical report of a new means of intubating the trachea

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              A comparison of the ProSeal laryngeal mask and the laryngeal tube in spontaneously breathing anesthetized patients.

              In this multicenter, randomized study, we compared ease of insertion, postinsertion hemodynamic repercussion, quality of ventilation, and the capacity to achieve a "hands-free" anesthesia delivery between two new devices: the ProSeal laryngeal mask airway (PLMA) and the Laryngeal Tube (LT). The incidence of postoperative laryngopharyngeal discomfort was examined after short surgical interventions in spontaneously breathing patients. After induction with fentanyl and propofol, the respective airways were inserted into 70 adult ASA physical status I and II patients (35 patients in each group). First-attempt insertion success rates were more frequent for the PLMA (77% versus 51%; P < 0.05), but success rates were similar (100% versus 97%) after 3 attempts. The anesthesiologists considered that insertion of the PLMA was easier (P < 0.001). Expired tidal volume was larger with the PLMA (404.9 versus 328.4 mL; P < 0.005) and the ability to achieve hands-free ventilation was more frequent with the PLMA (32 versus 21 cases; P < 0.004). Positional maneuvers with the LT to correct ventilation deficiencies were not always completely effective (5 of 13). There were no differences in the incidence of intolerance, sore throat, dysphagia, and/or dysphonia between the two devices. We conclude that the PLMA showed greater ease of insertion and reliability than the LT for use in nonparalyzed anesthetized patients.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                rca
                Colombian Journal of Anestesiology
                Rev. colomb. anestesiol.
                SCARE-Sociedad Colombiana de Anestesiología y Reanimación (Bogotá, Cundinamarca, Colombia )
                0120-3347
                2256-2087
                March 2007
                : 35
                : 1
                : 21-27
                Affiliations
                [02] orgnameAnestesiología UIS
                [01] orgnameEsp. Anestesiología melendez@ 123456uis.edu.co
                Article
                S0120-33472007000100003 S0120-3347(07)03500103
                9c4c1b49-e3df-4244-8027-1dd45551fc4c

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

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                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 23, Pages: 7
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                SciELO Colombia

                Categories
                Investigaciones clínicas o de laboratorios

                Tubo laringeo,Anestesia,Ensayo Clínico,Mascara laringea,Anesthesia,Clinical Trial,laryngeal Mask,Laringeal tube

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