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      A new role of neuraminidase (NA) in the influenza virus life cycle: implication for developing NA inhibitors with novel mechanism of action

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          Summary

          The entire life cycle of influenza virus involves viral attachment, entry, replication, and release. Previous studies have demonstrated that neuraminidase (NA) is an essential glycoprotein on the surface of influenza virus and that it is responsible for release of progeny virions from the host cell to infect new cells. However, recent studies have also suggested that NA may play other roles in the early stages of the viral life cycle, that is, viral attachment and entry. This review focuses on the new role of NA in the early stages of influenza life cycle and the corresponding development of novel NA inhibitors. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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          Human Infection with a Novel Avian-Origin Influenza A (H7N9) Virus

          Rongbao Gao, Bin Cao, Yunwen Hu … (2013)
          New England Journal of Medicine, 368(20), 1888-1897
          Article 0 comments Cited 1004 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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            1918 Influenza: the Mother of All Pandemics

            Jeffery K Taubenberger, David M. Morens (2006)
            The "Spanish" influenza pandemic of 1918–1919, which caused ≈50 million deaths worldwide, remains an ominous warning to public health. Many questions about its origins, its unusual epidemiologic features, and the basis of its pathogenicity remain unanswered. The public health implications of the pandemic therefore remain in doubt even as we now grapple with the feared emergence of a pandemic caused by H5N1 or other virus. However, new information about the 1918 virus is emerging, for example, sequencing of the entire genome from archival autopsy tissues. But, the viral genome alone is unlikely to provide answers to some critical questions. Understanding the 1918 pandemic and its implications for future pandemics requires careful experimentation and in-depth historical analysis.
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              Human influenza A H5N1 virus related to a highly pathogenic avian influenza virus.

              Eric CJ Claas, Albert Osterhaus, Ruud van Beek … (1998)
              In May, 1997, a 3-year-old boy in Hong Kong was admitted to the hospital and subsequently died from influenza pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, Reye's syndrome, multiorgan failure, and disseminated intravascular coagulation. An influenza A H5N1 virus was isolated from a tracheal aspirate of the boy. Preceding this incident, avian influenza outbreaks of high mortality were reported from three chicken farms in Hong Kong, and the virus involved was also found to be of the H5 subtype. We carried out an antigenic and molecular comparison of the influenza A H5N1 virus isolated from the boy with one of the viruses isolated from outbreaks of avian influenza by haemagglutination-inhibition and neuraminidase-inhibition assays and nucleotide sequence analysis. Differences were observed in the antigenic reactivities of the viruses by the haemagglutination-inhibition assay. However, nucleotide sequence analysis of all gene segments revealed that the human virus A/Hong Kong/156/97 was genetically closely related to the avian A/chicken/Hong Kong/258/97. Although direct contact between the sick child and affected chickens has not been established, our results suggest transmission of the virus from infected chickens to the child without another intermediate mammalian host acting as a "mixing vessel". This event illustrates the importance of intensive global influenza surveillance.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Rev Med Virol
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Rev. Med. Virol
                Journal ID (doi): 10.1002/(ISSN)1099-1654
                Journal ID (publisher-id): RMV
                Title: Reviews in Medical Virology
                Publisher: John Wiley and Sons Inc. (Hoboken )
                ISSN (Print): 1052-9276
                ISSN (Electronic): 1099-1654
                Publication date (Electronic): 08 April 2016
                Publication date (Print): July 2016
                Volume: 26
                Issue: 4 ( doiID: 10.1002/rmv.v26.4 )
                Pages: 242-250
                Affiliations
                [ 1 ] Key Lab of New Drug Screening of Guangdong Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Southern Medical University Guangzhou China
                [ 2 ] Key Lab of Medical Molecular Virology of MOE/MOH, Shanghai Medical College Fudan University Shanghai China
                [ 3 ] Lindsley F. Kimball Research Institute New York Blood Center New York NY USA
                Author notes
                [* ] Correspondence to: S. Jiang, Lindsley F. Kimball Research Institute, New York Blood Center, New York, NY 10065, USA.



                E‐mail: sjiang@ 123456nybloodcenter.org

                Article
                Publisher ID: RMV1879 Other ID: RMV-2015-048.R1
                DOI: 10.1002/rmv.1879
                PMC ID: 7169148
                PubMed ID: 27061123
                SO-VID: 9a16da0e-ed95-4f55-a3ff-6339224ad7f9
                Copyright © Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
                License:

                This article is being made freely available through PubMed Central as part of the COVID-19 public health emergency response. It can be used for unrestricted research re-use and analysis in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source, for the duration of the public health emergency.

                History
                Date received : 01 November 2015
                Date revision received : 13 February 2016
                Date accepted : 17 February 2016
                Page count
                Pages: 9
                Funding
                Funded by: Pearl River S&T Nova Program of Guangzhou
                Award ID: 2014J2200033
                Funded by: Natural Science Foundation of China , open-funder-registry 10.13039/501100001809;
                Award ID: U1301224
                Funded by: Shanghai Joint Research Projects on the Prevention and Control of Avian Influenza H7N9 Virus
                Award ID: 2013QLG010
                Categories
                Subject: Review
                Subject: Reviews
                Custom metadata
                source-schema-version-number 2.0
                cover-date July 2016
                details-of-publishers-convertor Converter:WILEY_ML3GV2_TO_JATSPMC version:5.8.0 mode:remove_FC converted:15.04.2020

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Microbiology & Virology
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Microbiology & Virology

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