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      Recent progress of ecofriendly perovskite-type dielectric ceramics for energy storage applications

      1 , 2 , 3 , 1 , 1 , 2
      Journal of Advanced Dielectrics
      World Scientific Pub Co Pte Ltd

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          Abstract

          Increasing concern has been focused on the search for ecofriendly dielectric ceramics to meet the extensive demands of pulsed capacitors. Due to the advantages of high-energy storage density, efficiency, and excellent temperature stability, optimization of energy storage performance in dielectric ceramics has been a goal in the past decades. This review summarizes the recently reported progress in energy storage properties of typical perovskite-type lead-free ceramics. The advantages and shortcomings in the various kinds of ceramics are discussed. Finally, future prospects are presented to provide some guidelines for the exploration of new materials.

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          Opportunities and challenges for a sustainable energy future.

          Access to clean, affordable and reliable energy has been a cornerstone of the world's increasing prosperity and economic growth since the beginning of the industrial revolution. Our use of energy in the twenty-first century must also be sustainable. Solar and water-based energy generation, and engineering of microbes to produce biofuels are a few examples of the alternatives. This Perspective puts these opportunities into a larger context by relating them to a number of aspects in the transportation and electricity generation sectors. It also provides a snapshot of the current energy landscape and discusses several research and development opportunities and pathways that could lead to a prosperous, sustainable and secure energy future for the world.
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            Lead-free piezoceramics.

            Lead has recently been expelled from many commercial applications and materials (for example, from solder, glass and pottery glaze) owing to concerns regarding its toxicity. Lead zirconium titanate (PZT) ceramics are high-performance piezoelectric materials, which are widely used in sensors, actuators and other electronic devices; they contain more than 60 weight per cent lead. Although there has been a concerted effort to develop lead-free piezoelectric ceramics, no effective alternative to PZT has yet been found. Here we report a lead-free piezoelectric ceramic with an electric-field-induced strain comparable to typical actuator-grade PZT. We achieved this through the combination of the discovery of a morphotropic phase boundary in an alkaline niobate-based perovskite solid solution, and the development of a processing route leading to highly textured polycrystals. The ceramic exhibits a piezoelectric constant d33 (the induced charge per unit force applied in the same direction) of above 300 picocoulombs per newton (pC N(-1)), and texturing the material leads to a peak d33 of 416 pC N(-1). The textured material also exhibits temperature-independent field-induced strain characteristics.
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              Battery materials for ultrafast charging and discharging.

              The storage of electrical energy at high charge and discharge rate is an important technology in today's society, and can enable hybrid and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles and provide back-up for wind and solar energy. It is typically believed that in electrochemical systems very high power rates can only be achieved with supercapacitors, which trade high power for low energy density as they only store energy by surface adsorption reactions of charged species on an electrode material. Here we show that batteries which obtain high energy density by storing charge in the bulk of a material can also achieve ultrahigh discharge rates, comparable to those of supercapacitors. We realize this in LiFePO(4) (ref. 6), a material with high lithium bulk mobility, by creating a fast ion-conducting surface phase through controlled off-stoichiometry. A rate capability equivalent to full battery discharge in 10-20 s can be achieved.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Journal
                Journal of Advanced Dielectrics
                J. Adv. Dielect.
                World Scientific Pub Co Pte Ltd
                2010-135X
                2010-1368
                January 24 2019
                December 2018
                January 24 2019
                December 2018
                : 08
                : 06
                : 1830005
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Key Laboratory of Advanced Civil Engineering, Materials of Ministry of Education, Functional Materials Research Laboratory, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Tongji University, 4800 Caoan road, Shanghai 201804, P. R. China
                [2 ]Key Laboratory of Inorganic Functional Materials and Devices, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, P. R. China
                [3 ]University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
                Article
                10.1142/S2010135X18300050
                9831cad0-3a95-42e2-988d-6aa2825107e6
                © 2018
                History

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