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Abstract
<p class="first" id="d568523e148">Growth hormone-secreting pituitary adenoma (GHPA),
a benign endocrine tumor located
in the base of the skull, results in acromegaly. In addition to the mass effect of
the tumor itself in the sellar region, GHPA can lead to the overgrowth of almost every
organ. Previous findings indicated that the processes underlying acromegaly were partly
attributable to hyperactivity of the growth hormone/insulin-like growth factor-1 (GH/IGF-1)
axis. However, the mechanisms driving this syndrome remains largely unknown. Additionally,
the roles of GHPA-derived exosomes, which contain functional microRNAs and proteins
that manipulate target cell proliferation and differentiation in distal extremities,
are also unknown. In this study, we demonstrated that GHPA exosomes promote bone formation
in vitro and trabecula number in vivo. The mechanism of increased trabecula formation
may be attributable to GHPA exosome-induced osteoblast proliferation via increased
cell viability and DNA replication. We further discovered that exosomal hsa-miR-21-5p
plays a distinct role from the GH/IGF-1 axis in these processes. Accordingly, the
results of this study provide a novel mechanism whereby GHPA influences distal extremities
and a new perspective for treating GHPA.
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