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      Fertilidad e índice de calidad del suelo de la cuenca del río San Pedro en Nayarit Translated title: Fertility and soil quality index of the San Pedro River basin in Nayarit

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          Abstract

          Resumen: El área agrícola de la cuenca del río San Pedro en Nayarit es una llanura costera con suelos de origen aluvial, sometidos a inundación, deposición y a diferentes procesos que controlan el aporte de nutrientes y la fertilidad del suelo. El objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar las propiedades de los suelos para diagnosticar la fertilidad y determinar el índice de calidad del suelo, tomando como parámetros pH, MO, N, P, K, CIC, Ca y Mg. Se realizaron muestreos a 30 cm de profundidad en 38 sitios en junio de 2017 y en 45 en 2018. Se midió pH, CE, textura, Da, CO, MO, N inorgánico, P, CIC y bases intercambiables. Los valores promedio, máximo y mínimo fueron pH 5.78, 8.15 y 3.28; MO 1.58, 3.02 y 0.65%; N inorgánico 22.5, 43.6 y 3.5 mg kg-1; P Olsen 32.5, 67.4 y 1.4 mg kg‑1; K 0.45, 0.80 y 0.10 cmolc kg-1, respectivamente. La CE promedio fue 1.39 dS m-1 e indica que no existen problemas de salinidad. El 73% de los sitios fueron de textura arenosa a franco. El índice de calidad del suelo (SQI por su nombre en inglés) indica que la cuenca tiene un nivel de fertilidad medio, SQI promedio de 0.64; el 17% de los sitios tuvieron una fertilidad baja con pH entre 3.28-5.40, MO 0.81-1.20%, N 10-20 y P 5-10 mg kg-1; 42% media, pH 6.41-7.30, MO 2.01‑2.50, N 40-60 y P 15-20 mg kg-1; 36% moderadamente alta, y 5% alta con pH 8.20-8.80, MO 3.01-4.00, N 100-150 y P 25-35 mg kg-1. La distribución del SQI demuestra que en la llanura superior los suelos son de fertilidad baja a media, en la llanura intermedia y baja son de fertilidad media a alta, y en las partes de menor altura, la fertilidad está limitada por la interacción entre el sistema continental y el marino que salinizan los suelos.

          Translated abstract

          Summary: The agricultural area of the San Pedro River basin in Nayarit is a coastal plain with alluvial soils, subjected to flooding, deposition and different processes that control nutrient input and soil fertility. The objective of this investigation was to evaluate soil properties to diagnose fertility and determine the soil quality index considering the parameters pH, MO, N, P, K, CIC, Ca and Mg. Samples were carried out at 30 cm in depth in 38 sites in June 2017 and 45 in 2018; pH, EC, texture, Da, CO, MO, inorganic N, P, CIC and interchangeable bases were measured. The mean, maximum and minimum values were pH 5.78, 8.15 and 3.28; MO 1.58, 3.02 and 0.65%; inorganic N 22.5, 43.6 and 3.5 mg kg‑1; P Olsen 32.5, 67.4 and 1.4 mg kg‑1; K 0.45, 0.80 and 0.10 cmolc kg-1, respectively. The average EC was 1.39 dS m-1 and indicate that no salinity problems existed; 73% of the sites were from sandy to loamy texture. The Soil Quality Index (SQI) indicated that the basin had a medium fertility level; average SQI was 0.64; 17% of the sites had low fertility with pH from 3.28‑5.40, MO 0.81-1.20%, N 10-20 and P 5-10 mg kg‑1; 42% medium, pH 6.41-7.30, MO 2.01‑2.50, N 40-60 and P 15-20 mg kg-1; 36% moderately high, and 5% high with pH 8.20-8.80, MO 3.01-4.00, N 100-150 and P 25‑35 mg kg-1. The SQI distribution showed that in the upper plain, soils were from low to medium fertility; in the intermediate and low plains from medium to high fertility, and in lower elevation parts, fertility was limited by the interaction between the continental and marine systems that salinize soils.

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          Most cited references31

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          Evaluating soil quality indices in an agricultural region of Jiangsu Province, China

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            Development of biological soil quality indicator system for subtropical China

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              Evaluation of spatial and temporal changes of soil quality based on geostatistical analysis in the hill region of subtropical China

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                tl
                Terra Latinoamericana
                Terra Latinoam
                Sociedad Mexicana de la Ciencia del Suelo A.C. (Chapingo, Estado de México, Mexico )
                0187-5779
                2395-8030
                December 2021
                : 39
                : e766
                Affiliations
                [1] Tepic orgnameUniversidad Autónoma de Nayarit Mexico
                [2] Xalisco orgnameUniversidad Autónoma de Nayarit orgdiv1Unidad Académica de Agricultura Mexico
                [3] Texcoco orgnameColegio de Postgraduados orgdiv1Campus Montecillo Mexico
                Article
                S0187-57792021000100121 S0187-5779(21)03900000121
                10.28940/terra.v39i0.766
                95b838bd-0765-4b5a-8420-96a729c44794

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 20 January 2021
                : 25 March 2020
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 31, Pages: 0
                Product

                SciELO Mexico

                Categories
                Artículo científico

                cambisols,suelos aluviales,fluvisoles,cambisoles,alluvial soils,fluvisols

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