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      Association Between Some Different Obesity Anthropometric Indices and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Middle-Aged and Elderly Chinese Men and Women in Beijing, China: A Cross-Sectional Study

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          Abstract

          Background

          Obesity can lead to the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, the predictive power of different obesity anthropometric indices (ObAIs) for T2DM varies with race and geographical area. Therefore, the study aimed to investigate the association between different ObAIs and T2DM and determine the best index for screening T2DM in middle-aged and elderly men and women in Beijing, China.

          Methods

          A cross-sectional study was conducted in Shijingshan district (Beijing, China) from November 2011 to August 2012, involving a total of 14,558 subjects aged ≥40 years. Data on demographic information, lifestyle, history of T2DM, hypertension and dyslipidemia were collected. Body height, body weight, waist circumference (WC), hip circumference, and blood pressure were recorded. The oral glucose tolerance test or a standard meal test and blood lipid test were performed. The relationship between different ObAIs and T2DM was analyzed using multiple logistic regression.

          Results

          After adjustment for age, smoking status, alcohol intake, occupation and education degree, diabetes family history, hypertension and dyslipidemia, body mass index (BMI), WC, waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) were positively associated with T2DM in both men and women. Compared with the lowest BMI, WC, WHR, and WHtR quartiles, ORs of the highest quartiles were 2.131 (95% CI: 1.465–3.099), 1.752 (95% CI: 1.270–2.417), 1.342 (95% CI: 1.072–1.678), 2.739 (95% CI: 2.293–3.271) in men and 1.837 (95% CI: 1.584–2.130), 3.122 (95% CI: 1.980–4.924), 3.781 (95% CI: 2.855–5.007), 2.379 (85% CI: 2.040–2.775), respectively, in women. The areas under ROC curve of BMI, WC, WHR, and WHtR for men were 0.584 (95% CI: 0.568–0.600), 0.509 (95% CI: 0.492–0.525), 0.501 (95% CI: 0.485–0.518), and 0.642 (95% CI: 0.627–0.658) and 0.619 (95% CI: 0.607–0.632), 0.709 (95% CI: 0.697–0.720), 0.741 (95% CI: 0.730–0.752), and 0.654 (95% CI: 0.642–0.666), respectively, for women.

          Conclusion

          WHtR and WHR have been found to perform better as predictors of T2DM in middle-aged and elderly Chinese men and women, respectively.

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          Most cited references35

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          WITHDRAWN: Global and regional diabetes prevalence estimates for 2019 and projections for 2030 and 2045: results from the International Diabetes Federation Diabetes Atlas, 9th edition

          Pouya Saeedi, Inga Petersohn, Paraskevi Salpea … (2019)
          To provide global estimates of diabetes prevalence for 2019 and projections for 2030 and 2045.
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            The epidemiology of obesity

            Yu Chooi, Cherlyn Ding, Faidon Magkos (2018)
            Obesity is a complex multifactorial disease. The worldwide prevalence of overweight and obesity has doubled since 1980 to an extent that nearly a third of the world's population is now classified as overweight or obese. Obesity rates have increased in all ages and both sexes irrespective of geographical locality, ethnicity or socioeconomic status, although the prevalence of obesity is generally greater in older persons and women. This trend was similar across regions and countries, although absolute prevalence rates of overweight and obesity varied widely. For some developed countries, the prevalence rates of obesity seem to have levelled off during the past few years. Body mass index (BMI) is typically used to define overweight and obesity in epidemiological studies. However, BMI has low sensitivity and there is a large inter-individual variability in the percent body fat for any given BMI value, partly attributed to age, sex, and ethnicity. For instance, Asians have greater percent body fat than Caucasians for the same BMI. Greater cardiometabolic risk has also been associated with the localization of excess fat in the visceral adipose tissue and ectopic depots (such as muscle and liver), as well as in cases of increased fat to lean mass ratio (e.g. metabolically-obese normal-weight). These data suggest that obesity may be far more common and requires more urgent attention than what large epidemiological studies suggest. Simply relying on BMI to assess its prevalence could hinder future interventions aimed at obesity prevention and control.
            Article 0 comments Cited 776 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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              Metabolic syndrome--a new world-wide definition. A Consensus Statement from the International Diabetes Federation.

              K Alberti, P Zimmet, J. Shaw (2006)
              To establish a unified working diagnostic tool for the metabolic syndrome (MetS) that is convenient to use in clinical practice and that can be used world-wide so that data from different countries can be compared. An additional aim was to highlight areas where more research into the MetS is needed. The International Diabetes Federation (IDF) convened a workshop held 12-14 May 2004 in London, UK. The 21 participants included experts in the fields of diabetes, public health, epidemiology, lipidology, genetics, metabolism, nutrition and cardiology. There were participants from each of the five continents as well as from the World Health Organization (WHO) and the National Cholesterol Education Program-Third Adult Treatment Panel (ATP III). The workshop was sponsored by an educational grant from AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals. The consensus statement emerged following detailed discussions at the IDF workshop. After the workshop, a writing group produced a consensus statement which was reviewed and approved by all participants. The IDF has produced a new set of criteria for use both epidemiologically and in clinical practice world-wide with the aim of identifying people with the MetS to clarify the nature of the syndrome and to focus therapeutic strategies to reduce the long-term risk of cardiovascular disease. Guidance is included on how to compensate for differences in waist circumference and in regional adipose tissue distribution between different populations. The IDF has also produced recommendations for additional criteria that should be included when studying the MetS for research purposes. Finally, the IDF has identified areas where more studies are currently needed; these include research into the aetiology of the syndrome.
              Article 0 comments Cited 734 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes
                Journal ID (publisher-id): dmso
                Title: Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy
                Publisher: Dove
                ISSN (Electronic): 1178-7007
                Publication date (Electronic): 11 June 2022
                Publication date Collection: 2022
                Volume: 15
                Pages: 1799-1807
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Department of Endocrinology, Dongzhimen Hospital Beijing University of Chinese Medicine , Beijing, 100700, People’s Republic of China
                [2 ]Department of Endocrinology, First Medical Centre of Chinese PLA General Hospital , Beijing, 100853, People’s Republic of China
                [3 ]Department of Endocrinology, Emergency General Hospital , Beijing, 100028, People’s Republic of China
                Author notes
                Correspondence: Shidong Wang, Tel +86 13910965659, Email A2082@bucm.edu.cn
                [*]

                These authors contributed equally to this work

                Author information
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3344-3540
                Article
                Publisher ID: 359657
                DOI: 10.2147/DMSO.S359657
                PMC ID: 9199527
                SO-VID: 9573adf9-d12e-45b9-8f78-a2c7b4684d10
                Copyright © © 2022 Zhang et al.
                License:

                This work is published and licensed by Dove Medical Press Limited. The full terms of this license are available at https://www.dovepress.com/terms.php and incorporate the Creative Commons Attribution – Non Commercial (unported, v3.0) License ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/). By accessing the work you hereby accept the Terms. Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted without any further permission from Dove Medical Press Limited, provided the work is properly attributed. For permission for commercial use of this work, please see paragraphs 4.2 and 5 of our Terms ( https://www.dovepress.com/terms.php).

                History
                Date received : 23 January 2022
                Date accepted : 10 May 2022
                Page count
                Figures: 1, Tables: 9, References: 35, Pages: 9
                Categories
                Subject: Original Research

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Endocrinology & Diabetes
                Keywords: obesity,anthropometric indices,type 2 diabetes mellitus,middle-aged and elderly,chinese
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Endocrinology & Diabetes
                Keywords: obesity, anthropometric indices, type 2 diabetes mellitus, middle-aged and elderly, chinese

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