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      „Die Lücke schließen zwischen Unterricht und Musizierpraxis“ – eine qualitative Studie zur Evaluation spezifischer pädagogischer Elemente im Bereich körperorientierter Gesundheitsförderung und Prävention bei Musikstudierenden Translated title: “Closing the Gap Between Education and Music Practice” – A Qualitative Study on Pedagogical Tools Aimed at Teaching University Music Students Preventive and Body-Oriented Approaches

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          Abstract

          Angestoßen durch empirische Vorbefunde, die eine Diskrepanz zwischen der Inanspruchnahme präventiver Lehrangebote im Musikstudium und der Anwendung dieser Inhalte in der Musizierpraxis der Studierenden vermuten lassen, wurden ergänzende pädagogische Elemente eines Unterrichtskonzepts entwickelt und erprobt, um Studierende darin zu unterstützen, im Seminar erlernte körperorientierte und mentale Ansätze insbesondere in der Musizierpraxis außerhalb des Seminars anzuwenden. Übergeordnete Ziele dieser Lerninhalte sind die Gesundheitsförderung und Prävention spielbezogener Beschwerden sowie die Verbesserung des Singens und Instrumentalspiels. Als neue pädagogische Elemente wurden unter Supervision einer Dozentin die Intersession-Prozesse zwischen den Seminarstunden im Gespräch mit den Studierenden in den Fokus genommen und in Lernportfolios und Wochenprotokollen von den Studierenden festgehalten. Das Üben der Studierenden wurde durch einen Übebesuch mit konstruktiven Empfehlungen für ein effektives und gesundes Üben unterstützt. Das Element des Übebesuchs wurde von den Studierenden durchweg sehr positiv angenommen und als hilfreich erlebt. In einer katamnestischen Befragung zeigte sich in den Angaben der Studierenden eine hohe Nachhaltigkeit hinsichtlich der weiteren Anwendung der im Seminar erlernten Inhalte.

          Translated abstract

          Health problems have been widely documented as a particular topic among students at music conservatoires. Study results suggest that the transfer of learning contents of preventive courses into the practice of music students is often unsatisfactory. The aim of the present study was therefore to complete a pedagogical approach by new elements for the promotion of teaching-practice transfer and to qualitatively examine their effect on music students of a seminar on body-oriented and mental techniques. The overarching goals of these learning contents are health promotion and the prevention of playing-related health problems as well as the improvement of singing and instrumental playing. As new elements, the intersession processes between the seminar sessions were brought into focus under the supervision of a lecturer, and the practicing of the students was supported by a practice-visit by the lecturer which included constructive recommendations for healthy and effective practice. The concept was very positively accepted by the students and experienced as helpful. In a catamnestic questioning the data of the students showed a high sustainability regarding the further application of the contents learned in the seminar.

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          Fit to Perform: An Investigation of Higher Education Music Students’ Perceptions, Attitudes, and Behaviors toward Health

          Making music at the highest international standards can be rewarding, but it is also challenging, with research highlighting pernicious ways in which practicing and performing can affect performers’ health and wellbeing. Several studies indicate that music students’ perceptions, attitudes, and behaviors toward health and healthy living are less than optimal, especially considering the multiple physical and psychological demands of their day-to-day work. This article presents the results of a comprehensive screening protocol that investigated lifestyle and health-related attitudes and behaviors among 483 undergraduate and postgraduate students (mean age = 21.29 years ± 3.64; 59% women) from ten conservatoires. The protocol included questionnaires measuring wellbeing, general health, health-promoting behaviors, perfectionism, coping, sleep quality, and fatigue. On each measure, the data were compared with existing published data from similar age groups. The results indicate that music students have higher levels of wellbeing and lower fatigue than comparable samples outside of music. However, they also reveal potentially harmful perceptions, attitudes, and behaviors toward health. Specifically, engagement in health responsibility and stress management was low, which along with high perfectionistic strivings, limited use of coping strategies, poor sleep quality, and low self-rated health, paints a troubling picture both for the music students and for those who support their training. The findings point to the need for more (and more effective) health education and promotion initiatives within music education; in particular, musicians should be better equipped with mental skills to cope with constant pressure to excel and high stress levels. In part, this calls for musicians themselves to engage in healthier lifestyles, take greater responsibility for their own health, and be aware of and act upon health information in order to achieve and sustain successful practice and performance. For that to happen, however, music educators, administrators, and policy makers must play an active role in providing supportive environments where health and wellbeing is considered integral to expert music training.
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            Awareness and incidence of health problems among conservatoire students

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              Perceived Enablers and Barriers to Optimal Health among Music Students: A Qualitative Study in the Music Conservatoire Setting

              Student health and wellbeing within higher education has been documented as poor in relation to the general population. This is a particular problem among students at music conservatoires, who are studying within a unique educational context that is known to generate both physical and psychological challenges. This article examines how conservatoire students experience health and wellbeing within their institutional context, using a framework from health promotion to focus attention on perceived enablers and barriers to optimal health in relation to three levels: lifestyle, support services, and conservatoire environment. In order to respond to the individuality of students’ experiences, a qualitative approach was taken based on semi-structured interviews with 20 current or recent conservatoire students in the United Kingdom. Thematic analysis revealed a complex set of enablers and barriers: (i) lifestyle enablers included value placed on the importance of optimal health and wellbeing for musicians and daily practices to enable this; lifestyle barriers included struggling to maintain healthy lifestyles within the context of musical practice and learning; (ii) support enablers included accessible support sources within and beyond the conservatoire; support barriers included a perceived lack of availability or awareness of appropriate support; (iii) environmental enablers included positive and enjoyable experiences of performance as well as strong relationships and communities; environmental barriers included experiences of comparison and competition, pressure and stress, challenges with negative performance feedback, psychological distress, and perceived overwork. The findings reveal a need for health promotion to focus not only on individuals but also on the daily practices and routines of conservatoires. Additionally, they suggest that continued work is required to embed health and wellbeing support as an integral component of conservatoire education, raising awareness so that all students are fully informed of where, and how, to seek the information or help that they may need. Finally, they indicate a need for more radical scrutiny of the cultures of conservatoires and an assessment of how these can be modified to best optimize students’ health and wellbeing.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                JM
                Jahrb Musik
                Jahrbuch Musikpsychologie
                Jahrb. Musik.
                PsychOpen
                2569-5665
                05 May 2020
                : 29 ( titleID: Musikpsychologie — Musik im audiovisuellen Kontext )
                :
                : e45
                Affiliations
                [a ]Freiburger Institut für Musikermedizin, Hochschule für Musik und Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Deutschland
                Author notes
                [* ]Freiburger Institut für Musikermedizin, Universitätsklinikum Freiburg, Elsässerstraße 2m, 79110 Freiburg, Deutschland. c.spahn@ 123456mh-freiburg.de
                Article
                jbdgm.2019v29.45
                10.5964/jbdgm.2019v29.45
                927d3000-8010-4d19-8708-3f583e55f8a5
                Copyright @ 2020

                This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) 4.0 License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

                History
                : 25 April 2019
                : 04 December 2019
                Categories
                Forschungsberichte

                Psychology
                Wissenstransfer,Bewegung,körperorientierte Ansätze,qualitative,Gesundheit,body-oriented approaches,transfer,Musikstudierende,pedagogical concept,pädagogisches Konzept,health,movement,Prävention,prevention,university music students,qualitativ

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