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      Isolation of rabies virus from the parotid salivary glands of foxes (Pseudalopex vetulus) from Paraíba State, Northeastern Brazil Translated title: Isolamento de vírus rábico de glândulas salivares parótidas de raposas (Pseudalopex vetulus) do Estado da Paraíba, Nordeste do Brasil

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          Abstract

          To determine the presence of rabies virus in the parotid salivary glands, 12 road-killed rabies-positive hoary foxes (Pseudoalopex vetulus) were tested by using the fluorescent antibody test (FAT) and mouse inoculation test (MIT). All 12 parotid salivary glands were positive for both tests, although in some cases several passages were required. The findings of this study support the importance of the hoary fox as rabies reservoir in the semi-arid region of Paraíba State, Northeastern Brazil.

          Translated abstract

          Para determinar a presença de vírus rábico em glândulas salivares parótidas, 12 raposas (Pseudalopex vetulus) atropeladas em rodovias e positivas para raiva foram testadas pelo teste de imunofluorescência direta (IFD) e teste de inoculação em camundongos (IC). Todas as 12 glândulas salivares parótidas foram positivas em ambos os testes, embora, em alguns casos, várias passagens terem sido necessárias. Os achados do presente trabalho reforçam a importância das raposas como reservatórios de raiva no semi-árido do Estado da Paraíba, Nordeste do Brasil.

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          Most cited references17

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          Fluorescent antibody staining of street and fixed rabies virus antigens.

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            Characterization of Rabies virus isolated from canids and identification of the main wild canid host in Northeastern Brazil.

            The rabies cases in dogs and wild canids in Northeastern Brazil are a public and animal health problem. This paper describes the identities of the coding region of the N-gene of Rabies virus (RABV) isolated in canids from Northeastern Brazil. The genetic tree generated using the sequence data described here divided the cluster BRAZILAN CANIDS into two subclusters (DOG-RELATED STRAINS and WILD CANID-RELATED STRAINS) with identities greater than those already described. The two subclusters are sub-divided into geographic groups related to the origin of the isolates, suggesting a long-standing ecological coexistence of the sequence types characteristic of the groups. This article also analyzes the 513-nucleotide stretch of the mitochondrial DNA control region of rabies-positive canids from Northeastern Brazil with a view to identifying the main RABV host among them. Among the four species of wild canids found in the region, two (Cerdocyon thous and Pseudalopex vetulus) are frequently associated with rabies. Phylogenetic analysis of sequence data generated from mtDNA suggests that C. thous is the main wild canid host in the region. The results obtained in this study are in concordance with the zoology and ecology of wild canids, and thus, help improve epidemiologic vigilance of rabies and allow a more targeted control of the disease.
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              Molecular epidemiology of rabies in northern Colombia 1994-2003. Evidence for human and fox rabies associated with dogs.

              During the period 2000-2003, wild grey foxes (Urocyon cinereoargenteus) in northern Colombia became infected with rabies. In order to derive phylogenetic relationships between rabies viruses isolated in foxes, dogs and humans in this region, 902 nt cDNA fragments containing the G-L intergenic region and encoding the cytoplasmic domain of protein G and a fragment of protein L were obtained by RT-PCR, sequenced and compared. Phylogenetic analysis showed that rabies viruses isolated in foxes, dogs and humans belonged to a single genetic variant. Speculative analysis together with epidemiological data indicated that rabies in foxes may have been due to contact with rabid dogs. Rabies transmission between dogs, wild foxes and humans may happen in natural conditions in northern Colombia. This finding is the first to suggest dog-to-fox rabies transmission in South America, and provides another example of dog rabies variants being able to successfully colonize wildlife hosts.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                bjm
                Brazilian Journal of Microbiology
                Braz. J. Microbiol.
                Sociedade Brasileira de Microbiologia (São Paulo, SP, Brazil )
                1517-8382
                1678-4405
                September 2009
                : 40
                : 3
                : 446-449
                Affiliations
                [02] Ibiúna SP orgnameCentro de Vigilância Sanitária e Controle de Zoonoses Tereza Rodrigues de Camargo Brasil
                [01] Patos PB orgnameUniversidade Federal de Campina Grande orgdiv1Centro de Saúde e Tecnologia Rural orgdiv2Unidade Acadêmica de Medicina Veterinária Brasil
                [03] São Paulo SP orgnameUniversidade de São Paulo orgdiv1Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia orgdiv2Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva e Saúde Animal Brasil
                Article
                S1517-83822009000300004 S1517-8382(09)04000304
                924d9c56-557b-4fde-a1ae-85491a987a5b

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 22 August 2008
                : 21 July 2008
                : 03 May 2009
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 19, Pages: 4
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Categories
                Veterinary Microbiology

                Glândula parótida,Paraíba State,isolation,rabies virus,fox,Parotid gland,vírus rábico,Estado da Paraíba,raposa,isolamento

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