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      Enuresis nocturna en un adolescente con trastorno de ansiedad durante la pandemia de COVID-19. Translated title: Nocturnal enuresis in an adolescent with anxiety disorder during the COVID-19 pandemic.

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          Abstract

          RESUMEN Se presenta el caso de un adolescente con enuresis nocturna desde la niñez, y síntomas de ansiedad durante la adolescencia, asociado con factores psicosociales y dinámica familiar. Durante la pandemia COVID-19, los síntomas de enuresis se exacerbaron y presentó intensos síntomas de ansiedad en relación al temor de adquirir una enfermedad grave y miedo a morir, motivos por los cuales fue llevado a emergencia en varias oportunidades; la sintomatología ansiosa respondió favorablemente a fármacos antidepresivos y enfoques de psicoterapia individual y familiar. Enuresis nocturna es un trastorno de eliminación poco frecuente en la adolescencia, cuyo diagnóstico y tratamiento son de importancia debido a su impacto en el funcionamiento psicosocial y a mayores probabilidades de comorbilidad. Se discute asimismo los efectos de la pandemia COVID-19 en adolescentes y el riesgo de presentar ansiedad, depresión y estrés asociados con la enuresis.

          Translated abstract

          SUMMARY The case of an adolescent with nocturnal enuresis since childhood, and anxiety symptoms during adolescence, associated with psychosocial factors and family dynamics, is presented. During the COVID-19 pandemic, he presented intense symptoms of anxiety related to fears of dying and/or experiencing a serious illness, reasoned for which he was taken to the emergency room on several occasions. The patient responded favorably to antidepressant medications, and individual and family psychotherapy approaches. Nocturnal enuresis es an elimination disorder rarely seen in adolescence, and whose diagnosis and treatment are important due to its impact on the patient’s psychosocial functioning and greater probabilities of comorbidity. The effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on adolescents and its higher risk of presenting anxiety, depression and stress associated with enuresis, are also discussed.

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          Impact of COVID-19 on Mental Health in Adolescents: A Systematic Review

          Elizabeth A. K. Jones, Amal K Mitra, Azad R Bhuiyan (2021)
          Due to lack of sufficient data on the psychological toll of the COVID-19 pandemic on adolescent mental health, this systematic analysis aims to evaluate the impact of the pandemic on adolescent mental health. This study follows the PRISMA guidelines for systematic reviews of 16 quantitative studies conducted in 2019–2021 with 40,076 participants. Globally, adolescents of varying backgrounds experience higher rates of anxiety, depression, and stress due to the pandemic. Secondly, adolescents also have a higher frequency of using alcohol and cannabis during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, social support, positive coping skills, home quarantining, and parent–child discussions seem to positively impact adolescent mental health during this period of crisis. Whether in the United States or abroad, the COVID-19 pandemic has impacted adolescent mental health. Therefore, it is important to seek and to use all of the available resources and therapies to help adolescents mediate the adjustments caused by the pandemic.
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            Depression, anxiety and stress during the COVID-19 pandemic: results from a New Zealand cohort study on mental well-being

            Norina Gasteiger, Kavita Vedhara, Adam Massey … (2021)
            Objectives The COVID-19 pandemic has caused unprecedented disruption to daily life. This study investigated depression, anxiety and stress in New Zealand (NZ) during the first 10 weeks of the COVID-19 pandemic, and associated psychological and behavioural factors. It also compares the results with a similar cross-sectional study in the UK. Design Cross-sectional study. Setting NZ community cohort. Participants N=681 adults (≥18 years) in NZ. The cohort was predominantly female (89%) with a mean age of 42 years (range 18–87). Most (74%) identified as NZ European and almost half (46%) were keyworkers. Most were non-smokers (95%) and 20% identified themselves as having clinical risk factors which would put them at increased or greatest risk of COVID-19. Main outcome measures Depression, anxiety, stress, positive mood and engagement in health behaviours (smoking, exercise, alcohol consumption). Results Depression and anxiety significantly exceeded population norms (p<0.0001). Being younger (p<0.0001) and most at risk of COVID-19 (p<0.05) were associated with greater depression, anxiety and stress. Greater positive mood, lower loneliness and greater exercise were protective factors for all outcomes (p<0.0001). Smoking (p=0.037) and alcohol consumption (p<0.05) were associated with increased anxiety. Pet ownership was associated with lower depression (p=0.006) and anxiety (p=0.008). When adjusting for age and gender differences, anxiety (p = 0.002) and stress (p = 0.007) were significantly lower in NZ than in the UK. The NZ sample reported lower perceived risk (p<0.0001) and worry about COVID-19 (p<0.0001) than the UK sample. Conclusions The NZ population had higher depression and anxiety compared with population norms. Younger people and those most at risk of COVID-19 reported poorer mental health. Interventions should promote frequent exercise, and reduce loneliness and unhealthy behaviours.
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              Early childhood risk factors associated with daytime wetting and soiling in school-age children.

              Alexander von Werder, Ursula Butler, Jon Heron … (2008)
              To examine the impact of a range of early childhood factors on the risk for daytime wetting and soiling. This is a longitudinal study based on a UK population of over 10,000 children from age 4 to 9 years. Parents completed questionnaires on child development (at 18 months); child temperament (24 months); maternal depression/anxiety (21 months), and parenting behaviors (24 months). The analysis examined whether these risk factors distinguish between children with normal development of daytime bladder and bowel control and those with delayed acquisition of daytime continence; persistent daytime wetting/soiling, and relapse in wetting/soiling. Delayed development, difficult temperament, and maternal depression/anxiety were associated with an increase in the odds of experiencing problems with bladder and bowel control. The current findings provide evidence that risk factors in early childhood are associated with a subsequent increase in the odds of children experiencing daytime wetting and soiling at school age.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (publisher-id): rnp
                Title: Revista de Neuro-Psiquiatría
                Abbreviated Title: Rev Neuropsiquiatr
                Publisher: Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia. Facultad de Medicina (Lima, , Peru )
                ISSN (Print): 0034-8597
                Publication date (Print and electronic): December 2022
                Volume: 85
                Issue: 4
                Pages: 311-318
                Affiliations
                [4] Lima Lima orgnameUniversidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos orgdiv1Facultad de Medicina Peru
                [1] Lima orgnameHospital Nacional Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen orgdiv1Servicio de Psiquiatría del Niño y del Adolescente Perú
                [2] Cerro de Pasco Pasco orgnameUniversidad Nacional Daniel Alcides Carrión Peru
                [3] Trujillo orgnameUniversidad Nacional de Trujillo orgdiv1Facultad de Medicina Peru
                Article
                Publisher ID: S0034-85972022000400311 Publisher ID: S0034-8597(22)08500400311
                DOI: 10.20453/rnp.v85i4.4372
                SO-VID: 9207bd0f-6b25-4b4a-bb9a-0342ec06f4a7
                License:

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                Date received : 22 December 2021
                Date accepted : 26 November 2022
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 17, Pages: 8
                Product

                SciELO Peru

                Categories
                Subject: Reporte de casos

                Keywords: adolescent.,Enuresis nocturna,trastorno de ansiedad por enfermedad,COVID-19,adolescente,Nocturnal enuresis,illness anxiety disorder
                Data availability:
                Keywords: adolescent., Enuresis nocturna, trastorno de ansiedad por enfermedad, COVID-19, adolescente, Nocturnal enuresis, illness anxiety disorder

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