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      Síndromes dolorosas em diabéticos por comprometimento de musculatura esquelética Translated title: Painful syndromes in diabetic patients due to skeletal muscle injuries

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          Abstract

          Em diabéticos, síndromes dolorosas devidas o comprometimento do músculo esquelético sem neuropatia são complicações raras. Neste relato são apresentados dois casos: Caso 1 (piomiosite em panturrilhas) e Caso 2 (infarto muscular em coxa), sendo comentadas as características clínicas e os procedimentos diagnósticos. É necessário um alto índice de suspeita, uma vez que o tratamento de ambas difere significativamente. Além disso, o diagnóstico pode ser inicialmente confundido com tromboflebite, rabdomiólise ou neoplasia, retardando o tratamento correto. O atraso no tratamento da piomiosite com antibiótico e em alguns casos com cirurgia, pode evoluir para infecção sistêmica e até óbito, enquanto o infarto muscular requer apenas repouso e analgesia. Exames de imagem e de laboratório são úteis no diagnóstico diferencial, porém pode haver superposição dos achados. É enfatizada a importância de incluir estas doenças no diagnóstico diferencial de síndromes dolorosas do membro inferior em diabéticos.

          Translated abstract

          Progressive painful syndromes due to skeletal muscle injuries rather than diabetic neuropathy are unusual complications of diabetes mellitus (DM). Two clinical cases are presented: Case 1 (pyomyositis: leg location) and Case 2 (muscle infarction: thigh location). Discussion on how to proceed the diagnosis based on clinical features are included as it is critical for early and proper treatment since approaches highly differ in the two situations. These complications can mimic thrombophlebitis, rabdomyolises or a neoplasm, therefore the diagnosis of a diabetes-related disorder may be overlooked. If pyomyositis is not correctly treated with antibiotics and in some cases with surgery, systemic infection and even death may occur, whereas muscle infarction only requires rest and analgesia. Image and laboratorial investigations can be of help to differentiate these syndromes, although some findings can overlap. Thus, the present report emphasizes the importance to include these diseases when limb painful syndromes are to be investigated in a diabetic patient.

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          Most cited references15

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          Focal entrapment neuropathies in diabetes.

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            Idiopathic and diabetic skeletal muscle necrosis: evaluation by magnetic resonance imaging.

            Idiopathic and diabetic-associated muscle necrosis are similar, uncommon clinical entities requiring conservative management and minimal intervention to avoid complications and prolonged hospitalization. An early noninvasive diagnosis is therefore essential. We evaluated the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) characteristics of muscle necrosis in 14 patients, in eight of whom the diagnoses were confirmed histologically. Two experienced musculoskeletal radiologists performed retrospective evaluations of the MRI studies of 14 patients with the diagnoses of skeletal muscle infarction. In 10 cases gadolinium-enhanced (T1-weighted fat-suppressed) sequences were available along with T1-weighted, T2-weighted images and STIR sequences, while in four cases contrast-enhanced images were not available. Eight patients had underlying diabetes and in six patients the cause of the myonecrosis was considered idiopathic. T1-weighted images demonstrated isointense swelling of the involved muscle, with mildly displaced fascial planes. There was effacement of the fat signal intensity within the muscle. Fat-suppressed T2-weighted images showed diffuse heterogeneous high signal intensity in the muscles suggestive of edema. Perifascial fluid collection was seen in eight cases. Subcutaneous edema was present in seven patients. Following intravenous gadolinium administration, MRI demonstrated a focal area of heterogeneously enhancing mass with peripheral enhancement. Within this focal lesion, linear dark areas were seen with serpentine enhancing streaks separating them in eight cases. In two cases, a central relatively nonenhancing mass with irregular margins and peripheral enhancement was noted. The peripheral enhancement involved a significant part of the muscle. No focal fluid collection was noted. We believe that the constellation of imaging findings on T1- and T2-weighted images and post-gadolinium sequences is highly suggestive of muscle necrosis. We consider certain specific findings on gadolinium-enhanced images to be characteristic. The findings reported here should provide radiologists with useful information in making the diagnosis of skeletal muscle necrosis without resorting to invasive procedures.
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              Diabetic Muscle Infarction: An underdiagnosed complication of long-standing diabetes

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                abem
                Arquivos Brasileiros de Endocrinologia & Metabologia
                Arq Bras Endocrinol Metab
                Sociedade Brasileira de Endocrinologia e Metabologia (São Paulo, SP, Brazil )
                1677-9487
                October 2006
                : 50
                : 5
                : 957-962
                Affiliations
                [01] Florianópolis SC orgnameUniversidade Federal de Santa Catarina orgdiv1Departamento de Farmacologia orgdiv2Hospital Celso Ramos
                Article
                S0004-27302006000500020 S0004-2730(06)05000520
                90fcdc4b-251e-464a-a439-c648c0a6d73b

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 02 December 2005
                : 07 June 2006
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 15, Pages: 6
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Categories
                Apresentação de Casos

                Pyomyositis,Skeletal muscle infarction,Pain,Infection,Diabetes mellitus,Piomiosite,Infarto de músculo esquelético,Dor,Infecção

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