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      Genetic aspects of immunoglobulins and cyclophilin A in milk as potential indicators of mastitis resistance in Holstein cows.

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          Abstract

          Mastitis is one of the most frequent and costly diseases affecting dairy cattle. Natural antibodies (immunoglobulins) and cyclophilin A (CyPA), the most abundant member of the family of peptidyl prolyl cis/trans isomerases, in milk may serve as indicators of mastitis resistance in dairy cattle. However, genetic information for CyPA is not available, and knowledge on the genetic and nongenetic relationships between these immune-related traits and somatic cell score (SCS) and milk yield in dairy cattle is sparse. Therefore, we aimed to comprehensively evaluate whether immune-related traits consisting of 5 Ig classes (IgG, IgG1, IgG2, IgA, and IgM) and CyPA in the test-day milk of Holstein cows can be used as genetic indicators of mastitis resistance by evaluating the genetic and nongenetic relationships with SCS in milk. The nongenetic factors affecting immune-related traits and the effects of these traits on SCS were evaluated. Furthermore, the genetic parameters of immune-related traits according to health status and genetic relationships under different SCS environments were estimated. All immune-related traits were significantly associated with SCS and directly proportional. Additionally, evaluation using a classification tree revealed that IgA, IgG2, and IgG were associated with SCS levels. Genetic factor analyses indicated that heritability estimates were low for CyPA (0.08) but moderate for IgG (0.37), IgA (0.44), and IgM (0.44), with positive genetic correlations among Ig (0.25-0.96). We also evaluated the differences in milk yield and SCS of cows between the low and high groups according to their sires' estimated breeding value for immune-related traits. In the high group, IgA had a significantly lower SCS in milk at 7 to 30 d compared with that in the low group. Furthermore, the Ig in milk had high positive genetic correlations between healthy and infected conditions (0.82-0.99), suggesting that Ig in milk under healthy conditions could interact with those under infected conditions, owing to the genetic ability based on the level of Ig in milk. Thus, Ig in milk are potential indicators for the genetic selection of mastitis resistance. However, because only the relationship between immune-related traits and SCS was investigated in this study, further study on the relationship between clinical mastitis and Ig in milk is needed before Ig can be used as an indicator of mastitis resistance.

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          Author and article information

          Journal
          J Dairy Sci
          Journal of dairy science
          American Dairy Science Association
          1525-3198
          0022-0302
          Mar 2024
          : 107
          : 3
          Affiliations
          [1 ] Animal Breeding and Genetics, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8572, Japan. Electronic address: yoshinobu.uemoto.e7@tohoku.ac.jp.
          [2 ] Animal Functional Morphology, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8572, Japan.
          [3 ] Laboratory of Animal Health Science, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8572, Japan.
          [4 ] Holstein Cattle Association of Japan, Hokkaido Branch, Sapporo, Hokkaido 001-8555, Japan.
          [5 ] Shihoro Agricultural Cooperative, Kato District, Hokkaido 080-1219, Japan.
          [6 ] Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction and Molecular Design, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
          [7 ] Laboratory of Animal Health Science, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8572, Japan; Animal Food Function, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8572, Japan.
          [8 ] Laboratory of Animal Health Science, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8572, Japan; Nutrition, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8572, Japan.
          [9 ] Animal Functional Morphology, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8572, Japan; Laboratory of Animal Health Science, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8572, Japan.
          [10 ] Laboratory of Animal Health Science, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8572, Japan; The Cattle Museum, Oshu, Iwate 029-4205, Japan. Electronic address: hisashi.aso.a6@tohoku.ac.jp.
          Article
          S0022-0302(23)00710-5
          10.3168/jds.2022-23075
          37806629
          8f0e715e-1508-46e1-b8e6-cbe3d8dff986
          History

          immunoglobulins,somatic cell score,cyclophilin A,genetic parameter

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