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      A global synthesis reveals biodiversity-mediated benefits for crop production

      research-article
      1 , 2 , * , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 6 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 13 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 22 , 25 , 26 , 24 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 12 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 2 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 22 , 16 , 41 , 28 , 42 , 43 , 11 , 44 , 2 , 45 , 13 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 23 , 24 , 30 , 50 , 12 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 41 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 , 12 , 22 , 62 , 2 , 34 , 43 , 63 , 64 , 23 , 65 , 66 , 16 , 39 ,   67 , 68 , 69 , 70 , 71 , 22 , 72 , 4 , 73 , 74 , 30 , 4 , 75 , 27 , 21 , 76 , 77 , 5 , 78 , 79 , 2
      Science Advances
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          Abstract

          Biodiversity benefits pollination, pest control, and crop productivity but suffers from land-use intensification.

          Abstract

          Human land use threatens global biodiversity and compromises multiple ecosystem functions critical to food production. Whether crop yield–related ecosystem services can be maintained by a few dominant species or rely on high richness remains unclear. Using a global database from 89 studies (with 1475 locations), we partition the relative importance of species richness, abundance, and dominance for pollination; biological pest control; and final yields in the context of ongoing land-use change. Pollinator and enemy richness directly supported ecosystem services in addition to and independent of abundance and dominance. Up to 50% of the negative effects of landscape simplification on ecosystem services was due to richness losses of service-providing organisms, with negative consequences for crop yields. Maintaining the biodiversity of ecosystem service providers is therefore vital to sustain the flow of key agroecosystem benefits to society.

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          Most cited references85

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          Ecological intensification: harnessing ecosystem services for food security.

          Rising demands for agricultural products will increase pressure to further intensify crop production, while negative environmental impacts have to be minimized. Ecological intensification entails the environmentally friendly replacement of anthropogenic inputs and/or enhancement of crop productivity, by including regulating and supporting ecosystem services management in agricultural practices. Effective ecological intensification requires an understanding of the relations between land use at different scales and the community composition of ecosystem service-providing organisms above and below ground, and the flow, stability, contribution to yield, and management costs of the multiple services delivered by these organisms. Research efforts and investments are particularly needed to reduce existing yield gaps by integrating context-appropriate bundles of ecosystem services into crop production systems. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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            A global quantitative synthesis of local and landscape effects on wild bee pollinators in agroecosystems.

            Bees provide essential pollination services that are potentially affected both by local farm management and the surrounding landscape. To better understand these different factors, we modelled the relative effects of landscape composition (nesting and floral resources within foraging distances), landscape configuration (patch shape, interpatch connectivity and habitat aggregation) and farm management (organic vs. conventional and local-scale field diversity), and their interactions, on wild bee abundance and richness for 39 crop systems globally. Bee abundance and richness were higher in diversified and organic fields and in landscapes comprising more high-quality habitats; bee richness on conventional fields with low diversity benefited most from high-quality surrounding land cover. Landscape configuration effects were weak. Bee responses varied slightly by biome. Our synthesis reveals that pollinator persistence will depend on both the maintenance of high-quality habitats around farms and on local management practices that may offset impacts of intensive monoculture agriculture. © 2013 Blackwell Publishing Ltd/CNRS.
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              Persistent negative effects of pesticides on biodiversity and biological control potential on European farmland

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Sci Adv
                Sci Adv
                SciAdv
                advances
                Science Advances
                American Association for the Advancement of Science
                2375-2548
                October 2019
                16 October 2019
                : 5
                : 10
                : eaax0121
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Institute for Alpine Environment, Eurac Research, Viale Druso 1, 39100 Bozen/Bolzano, Italy.
                [2 ]Department of Animal Ecology and Tropical Biology, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany.
                [3 ]Grupo de Ecología de la Polinización, INIBIOMA, Universidad Nacional del Comahue, CONICET, 8400 Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina.
                [4 ]Agroecology and Environment, Agroscope, Reckenholzstrasse 191, 8046 Zurich, Switzerland.
                [5 ]Estación Biológica de Doñana (EBD-CSIC), Integrative Ecology, E-41092 Sevilla, Spain.
                [6 ]Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Ecology, 750 07 Uppsala, Sweden.
                [7 ]Departamento de Ecologia, Universidade Federal de Goias (UFG), Goiânia, Brazil.
                [8 ]Faculdade de Ciencias, Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes (CE3C), Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.
                [9 ]Natural Capital Project, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94618, USA.
                [10 ]CSIRO, GPO Box 2583, Brisbane, QLD 4001, Australia.
                [11 ]Instituto de Investigaciones en Recursos Naturales, Agroecología y Desarrollo Rural (IRNAD), Sede Andina, Universidad Nacional de Río Negro (UNRN) y CONICET, Mitre 630, CP 8400 San Carlos de Bariloche, Río Negro, Argentina.
                [12 ]Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zurich, Universitätstrasse 16, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland.
                [13 ]Department of Entomology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
                [14 ]Department of Wildlife, Fish and Conservation Biology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
                [15 ]Global Lands Program, The Nature Conservancy, 117 E. Mountain Avenue, Fort Collins, CO 80524, USA.
                [16 ]Plant Ecology and Nature Conservation Group, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 3a, Wageningen 6708 PB, Netherlands.
                [17 ]IRES and Biodiversity Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
                [18 ]Department of Entomology and Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, Michigan State University, 204 CIPS, 578 Wilson Ave, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.
                [19 ]Department of Environmental Studies, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA.
                [20 ]DAFNAE, University of Padova, viale dell’Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, Padova, Italy.
                [21 ]School of Environment and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, NSW 2350, Australia.
                [22 ]Centre for Environmental and Climate Research, Lund University, S-223 62 Lund, Sweden.
                [23 ]Department of Biology, Lund University, S-223 62 Lund, Sweden.
                [24 ]Agroecology, Department of Crop Sciences, University of Göttingen, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany.
                [25 ]USC1339 INRA-CNRS, CEBC UMR 7372, CNRS and Université de La Rochelle, Beauvoir sur Niort 79360, France.
                [26 ]INRA, Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Prairies et Plantes Fourragères (URP3F), Lusignan 86600, France.
                [27 ]Functional Agrobiodiversity, Department of Crop Sciences, University of Göttingen, Germany.
                [28 ]Departamento de Zootecnia–CCA, Universidade Federal do Ceará, 60.356-000 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
                [29 ]Farming Systems Ecology, Wageningen University and Research, P.O. Box 430, 6700 AK Wageningen, Netherlands.
                [30 ]Chair of Nature Conservation and Landscape Ecology, University of Freiburg, Tennenbacher Straße 4, 79106 Freiburg, Germany.
                [31 ]LTSER Zone Atelier Plaine and Val de Sevre, CEBC UMR 7372, CNRS and Université de La Rochelle, Beauvoir sur Niort 79360, France.
                [32 ]Arthropods Department, Natural Sciences Museum of Barcelona, 08003 Barcelona, Spain.
                [33 ]Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Estación Experimental Concordia, Estacion Yuqueri y vias del Ferrocarril s/n, 3200 Entre Rios, Argentina.
                [34 ]Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
                [35 ]Instituto de Ecología Regional (IER), Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, CONICET, 4107 Yerba Buena, Tucumán, Argentina.
                [36 ]W.K. Kellogg Biological Station, Michigan State University, Hickory Corners, MI 49060, USA.
                [37 ]Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Mato Grosso, Campus of Barra do Garças/MT, 78600-000, Brazil.
                [38 ]Center of Sustainable Development, University of Brasília (UnB)—Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, Asa Norte, Brasília-DF 70910-900, Brazil.
                [39 ]Wageningen Environmental Research, Wageningen University and Research, P.O. Box 47, 6700 AA Wageningen, Netherlands.
                [40 ]Natural Resources Institute, University of Greenwich, Central Avenue, Chatham Maritime, Kent ME44TB, UK.
                [41 ]INRA, UR 1115, Plantes et Systèmes de culture Horticoles, 84000 Avignon, France.
                [42 ]Centre for Agri-Environmental Research, School of Agriculture, Policy and Development, Reading University, Reading RG6 6AR, UK.
                [43 ]Department of Entomology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53705, USA.
                [44 ]Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA), CEP 69.067-375 Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil.
                [45 ]Human-Environment Systems, Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, Department of Biological Sciences, Boise State University, Boise, ID 83725, USA.
                [46 ]Department of Integrative Biology, University of Texas at Austin, 205 W 24th Street, 401 Biological Laboratories, Austin, TX 78712, USA.
                [47 ]Department of Biology and Environment, University of Haifa, Oranim, Tivon 36006, Israel.
                [48 ]Department of Entomology, Kansas State University, 125 Waters Hall, Manhattan, KS 66503, USA.
                [49 ]Department of Evolutionary and Environmental Biology, University of Haifa, 3498838 Haifa, Israel.
                [50 ]Institute for Plant Science and Microbiology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany.
                [51 ]Bioversity International, Bangalore 560 065, India.
                [52 ]Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment (ATREE), Bangalore, India.
                [53 ]Bren School of Environmental Science and Management, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106-5131, USA.
                [54 ]Department of Environmental Studies, Seattle University, 901 12th Avenue, Seattle, WA 9812, USA.
                [55 ]Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research, Division of Conservation Biology, Vegetation Ecology and Landscape Ecology, University of Vienna, Rennweg 14, 1030 Vienna, Austria.
                [56 ]Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida, 1881 Natural Area Drive, Gainesville, FL 32601, USA.
                [57 ]Agrosavia, Centro de Investigación Obonuco, Km 5 vía Obonuco, Pasto, Nariño, Colombia.
                [58 ]Agriculture, Livestock and Agroforestry Program, Tropical Agricultural Research and Higher Education Center (CATIE), Cartago, Turrialba 30501, Costa Rica.
                [59 ]National Audubon Society, Boulder, CO 80305, USA.
                [60 ]Institute for Resources, Environment and Sustainability, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
                [61 ]Cátedra de Avicultura, Cunicultura y Apicultura, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, CABA C1417DSE, Argentina.
                [62 ]School of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA.
                [63 ]Department of Ecology, UnB—Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, Brasília-DF 70910-900, Brazil.
                [64 ]Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
                [65 ]INRA, UMR 1065 Santé et Agroécologie du Vignoble, ISVV, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux Sciences Agro, F-33883 Villenave d’Ornon Cedex, France.
                [66 ]INIBIOMA, Universidad Nacional del Comahue, CONICET, Quintral 1250, 8400 Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina.
                [67 ]Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (SBiK-F), Senckenberganlage 25, 60325 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
                [68 ]Centre for Biodiversity and Biosecurity, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
                [69 ]Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.
                [70 ]South African National Biodiversity Institute, Kirstenbosch Research Centre, Private Bag X7, Claremont 7735, South Africa.
                [71 ]School of Agriculture and Food Science and Earth Institute, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
                [72 ]School of Natural Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland.
                [73 ]Institute for Sustainable Agro-ecosystem Services, School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 188-0002 Tokyo, Japan.
                [74 ]Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, 1 Matsunosato, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8687, Japan.
                [75 ]Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, 40170-210 Salvador, Brazil.
                [76 ]Bio-Protection Research Centre, Lincoln University, Lincoln, New Zealand.
                [77 ]Fukushima Branch, National Institute for Environmental Studies, 963-770 Fukushima, Japan.
                [78 ]Environment and Production Technology Division, International Food Policy Research Institute, Washington, DC 20005, USA.
                [79 ]Department of Health and Environmental Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong–Liverpool University, 215123, Suzhou, China.
                Author notes
                [* ]Corresponding author. Email: matteo.dainese@ 123456eurac.edu
                Author information
                http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7052-5572
                http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7893-4389
                http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8888-0476
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1539-5231
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1073-8805
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5222-6947
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4371-2708
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2851-6813
                http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2557-0635
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2399-0049
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4924-1257
                Article
                aax0121
                10.1126/sciadv.aax0121
                6795509
                31663019
                8e073bf0-5b85-4f08-a707-99f914353526
                Copyright © 2019 The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. No claim to original U.S. Government Works. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial License 4.0 (CC BY-NC).

                This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial license, which permits use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, so long as the resultant use is not for commercial advantage and provided the original work is properly cited.

                History
                : 14 February 2019
                : 22 September 2019
                Funding
                Funded by: EU-FP7 LIBERATION;
                Award ID: 311781
                Funded by: Biodiversa-FACCE ECODEAL;
                Award ID: PCIN-2014–048
                Categories
                Research Article
                Research Articles
                SciAdv r-articles
                Agriculture
                Ecology
                Agriculture
                Custom metadata
                Fritzie Benzon

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