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      Viral immunology. Comprehensive serological profiling of human populations using a synthetic human virome.

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          Abstract

          The human virome plays important roles in health and immunity. However, current methods for detecting viral infections and antiviral responses have limited throughput and coverage. Here, we present VirScan, a high-throughput method to comprehensively analyze antiviral antibodies using immunoprecipitation and massively parallel DNA sequencing of a bacteriophage library displaying proteome-wide peptides from all human viruses. We assayed over 10(8) antibody-peptide interactions in 569 humans across four continents, nearly doubling the number of previously established viral epitopes. We detected antibodies to an average of 10 viral species per person and 84 species in at least two individuals. Although rates of specific virus exposure were heterogeneous across populations, antibody responses targeted strongly conserved "public epitopes" for each virus, suggesting that they may elicit highly similar antibodies. VirScan is a powerful approach for studying interactions between the virome and the immune system.

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          Author and article information

          Journal
          Science
          Science (New York, N.Y.)
          American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
          1095-9203
          0036-8075
          Jun 05 2015
          : 348
          : 6239
          Affiliations
          [1 ] Program in Biophysics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02115, USA. Harvard-Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA. Department of Genetics, Harvard University Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
          [2 ] Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA. Department of Genetics, Harvard University Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA. Program in Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02115, USA.
          [3 ] Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA. Department of Genetics, Harvard University Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
          [4 ] Solve ME/CFS Initiative, Los Angeles, CA 90036, USA.
          [5 ] KwaZulu-Natal Research Institute for Tuberculosis and HIV, Nelson R. Mandela School of Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa. HIV Pathogenesis Programme, Doris Duke Medical Research Institute, Nelson R. Mandela School of Medicine, Durban, South Africa. Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, MIT, and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Chariteplatz, D-10117 Berlin, Germany.
          [6 ] Vaccine and Cellular Immunology Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine; and Chula-Vaccine Research Center, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
          [7 ] Asociación Civil IMPACTA Salud y Educación, Lima, Peru.
          [8 ] AIDS Research Institute-IrsiCaixa and AIDS Unit, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Badalona, Spain Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain.
          [9 ] Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
          [10 ] Department of Neurology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
          [11 ] HIV Pathogenesis Programme, Doris Duke Medical Research Institute, Nelson R. Mandela School of Medicine, Durban, South Africa. Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, MIT, and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
          [12 ] Division of Immunology, Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
          [13 ] Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA. Department of Genetics, Harvard University Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA. Solve ME/CFS Initiative, Los Angeles, CA 90036, USA. selledge@genetics.med.harvard.edu.
          Article
          348/6239/aaa0698 NIHMS778149
          10.1126/science.aaa0698
          4844011
          26045439
          8dd8b0fb-d4e4-45ff-b700-f6f8ad5cae68
          History

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