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      Are you working on research related to technology and human behavior? Are you exploring the impact of social media, artificial intelligence, virtual reality, gaming, and more? If so, we invite you to submit your manuscript to Technology, Mind, and Behavior, an open access journal from the American Psychological Association..

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      “Welcome to the Stream, Vykaryous4Eva!”: The Effect of Vicarious Interaction on Parasocial Relationships With a Live Streamer

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          Abstract

          Vicarious interaction on live streams can occur when viewers experience what it is like to interact with a live stream persona by observing other viewers’ interactions with the persona. This study examined how vicarious interaction can cultivate parasocial relationships (PSRs) with live stream performers. Mechanical Turk workers were randomly assigned to view a clip of a live stream that either contained or did not contain instances in which the host addressed specific viewers in her audience. Results revealed an indirect effect of host–viewer interactions on PSR strength through participants’ imagination of how responsive the host seemed to other viewers. This effect was enhanced by parasocial interaction with the host. This study provides evidence of a secondhand, vicarious pathway to the development of PSRs.

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          The Explanatory and Predictive Scope of Self-Efficacy Theory

          Albert Bandura (1986)
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            Parasocial Interaction: A Review of the Literature and a Model for Future Research

            David Giles (2002)
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              The interpersonal process model of intimacy in marriage: a daily-diary and multilevel modeling approach.

              Jean-Philippe Laurenceau, Lisa Feldman Barrett, Michael Rovine (2005)
              This study used daily reports of interactions in marriage to examine predictions from the conceptualization of intimacy as the outcome of an interpersonal process. Both partners of 96 married couples completed daily diaries assessing self-disclosure, partner disclosure, perceived partner responsiveness, and intimacy on each of 42 consecutive days. Multivariate multilevel modeling revealed that self-disclosure and partner disclosure both significantly and uniquely contributed to the contemporaneous prediction of intimacy. Perceived partner responsiveness partially mediated the effects of self-disclosure and partner disclosure on intimacy. Global marital satisfaction, relationship intimacy, and demand-withdraw communication were related to daily levels of intimacy. Implications for the importance of perceived partner responsiveness in the intimacy process for married partners are discussed.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Title: Technology, Mind, and Behavior
                Publisher: American Psychological Association
                ISSN (Online): 2689-0208
                Publication date (Online): July 26, 2023
                Volume: 4
                Issue: 3
                Page: np
                Affiliations
                [1]Department of Communication Studies, West Virginia University
                Author notes
                Special Collection Editors: Elliot Panek, Bridget Rubenking, and Vivian Hsueh Hua Chen
                Action Editor: Bridget Rubenking was the action editor for this article.
                Funding: No external funding was provided for the completion of this study.
                Disclosures: The authors have no known conflicts of interest to disclose.
                Data Availability: The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding authors upon reasonable request. The materials used in this study are available at https://osf.io/tdz5j/?view_only=1c12879df46441899ab90eaaf3f79d0d.
                [*] Madison C. Martin, Department of Communication Studies, West Virginia University, P.O. Box 6293, Morgantown, WV 26506-6293, United States mcm0053@mix.wvu.edu
                Author information
                https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2410-7155
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4967-1679
                Article
                Pi-uid ID: 2023-93379-001
                DOI: 10.1037/tmb0000114
                SO-VID: 8dcfbbb6-daa4-42e1-b6af-e249515a933d
                Copyright © © 2023 The Author(s)
                License:

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License (CC-BY-NC-ND). This license permits copying and redistributing the work in any medium or format for noncommercial use provided the original authors and source are credited and a link to the license is included in attribution. No derivative works are permitted under this license.

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                Categories
                Subject: Psychology of Live-Streaming

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Education,Psychology,Vocational technology,Engineering,Clinical Psychology & Psychiatry
                Keywords: parasocial,live streaming,responsiveness,vicarious interaction
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Education, Psychology, Vocational technology, Engineering, Clinical Psychology & Psychiatry
                Keywords: parasocial, live streaming, responsiveness, vicarious interaction

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