La empresa flexible como dispositivo de gobierno. Aportes de la Analítica de la Gubernamentalidad al estudio de las subjetividades laborales en América Latina

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Abstract

Se aboradán los aportes de la Analítica de la Gubernamentalidad desarrollada por Foucault para interrogar críticamente las transformaciones laborales y subjetivas ocurridas en América Latina, en el contexto del capitalismo flexible. Se discute el modo como la empresa flexible y su discurso neomanagerial puede ser conceptualizado como un dispositivo de gobierno en que se entrelazan particulares juegos de verdad, relaciones de poder y vectores de subjetivación. Se analizan cuatro rasgos de la racionalidad de gobierno de la empresa flexible -capital humano, incorporación de la vida y la subjetividad social al proceso productivo, tecnologías posdisciplinarias de control, nuevo ideal de trabajador flexible-, destacando los modos de subjetivación laboral que promueven, así como sus afinidades con las lógicas de la gubernamentalidad neoliberal.

Translated abstract

We discuss the contributions of the analytics of governmentality developed by Foucault to critically examine transformations in work and in labor subjectivities in Latin America, in the context of flexible capitalism. The way the flexible enterprise and neomanagerial discourse can be conceptualized as a government apparatus, in which particular games of truth, power relations and ways of subjectivation are intertwined, is discussed. We present 4 traits of government racionality of the flexible enterprise - Human capital , incorporating social life and subjectivity in the production process, postdisciplinary control technologies, new ideal of flexible worker- highlighting ways of labor subjectivation that promote and their affinities with the logic of neoliberal governmentality.

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A Genealogy of Homo-Economicus: Neoliberalism and the Production of Subjectivity

Jason K Read (2009)

This article examines Michel Foucault’s critical investigation of neoliberalism in the course published as Naissance de la biopolitique: Cours au Collège de France, 1978-1979. Foucault’s lectures are interrogated along two axes. First, examining the way in which neoliberalism can be viewed as a particular production of subjectivity, as a way in which individuals are constituted as subjects of “human capital.” Secondly, Foucault’s analyses is augmented and critically examined in light of other critical work on neoliberalism by Wendy Brown, David Harvey, Christian Laval, Maurizo Lazzarato, and Antonio Negri. Of these various debates and discussions, the paper argues that the discussion of real subsumption in Marx and Negri is most important for understanding the specific politics of neoliberalism. Finally, the paper argues that neoliberalism entails a fundamental reexamination of the tools of critical thought, an examination of how freedom can constitute a form of subjection.