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      Sintomatología de ansiedad y burnout al término de la licenciatura de médico cirujano Translated title: Anxiety and burnout symptomatology at the end of medicine career Translated title: Sintomatologia de ansiedade e burnout no final do curso de Medicina

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          Resumen

          Introducción

          Las altas exigencias que presenta la carrera de medicina, aunado a las obligaciones laborales y personales de los estudiantes, los predispone a desarrollar ansiedad y síndrome de burnout (SB), lo cual puede influir en su rendimiento académico. El objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar la prevalencia y la sintomatología de ansiedad y burnout, así como identificar su impacto en el rendimiento académico de los estudiantes al término de la licenciatura en médico cirujano.

          Método

          Se realizó un estudio transversal, observacional en estudiantes de medicina al término de la carrera, se utilizó el inventario de Ansiedad Rasgo y Estado, la escala Maslach burnout y el promedio de las calificaciones a través de la Secretaria Académica.

          Resultados

          Se observó una prevalencia de ansiedad estado (AE) y rasgo (AR) de 40.6 % y 31.2 % respectivamente, ambas con proporciones similares entre nivel medio (75 %) y alto (25 %), y con asociación entre las mismas. La prevalencia del SB fue de 15.6%, de los cuales 17.2 y 23.4 % presentaron niveles altos de cansancio y de despersonalización respectivamente, además 18.8 % mostró niveles bajos de realización personal.

          Conclusión

          Al término de la licenciatura los estudiantes muestran sintomatología de AR y AE con alta asociación entre ambas, por lo que es importante resaltar que la ansiedad transitoria puede llegar a integrar una respuesta ansiosa como rasgo de su personalidad. La prevalencia de SB fue baja y sin relación con el rendimiento académico, la edad o el sexo.

          Abstract

          Introduction

          Due to the high demands of the medical career, coupled with students' work and personal obligations, they are a susceptible population to develop anxiety and burnout syndrome (BS) which can influence their academic performance. The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence and symptomatology of anxiety and burnout, as well as to identify their impact on the academic performance of students at the end of their medical degree.

          Method

          A cross-sectional, observational study was conducted on medical students at the end of their degree, using the Trait and State Anxiety inventory, the Maslach burnout scale, and the grade point average through the Academic Secretary.

          Results

          A prevalence of state anxiety (SA) of 40. 6 % and trait anxiety (TA) of 31. 2 % was observed, both with similar proportions between a medium and high level (75-25 %), with an association between them. The prevalence of BS was 15. 6 %, of which 17. 2 % and 23. 4 % respectively showed high levels of fatigue and depersonalization, moreover, 18. 8 % showed low levels of personal fulfillment.

          Conclusion

          At the end of the career, students show symptoms of SA and TA with a high association between them. Therefore, it is important to emphasize that transitory anxiety can become part of an anxious response as a personality trait. The prevalence of BS was low and not related to academic performance, age, or sex.

          Resumo

          Introdução

          Devido às elevadas demandas presentes nos cursos de medicina, associadas as múltiplas obrigações escolares e pessoais, os estudantes de medicina estão suscetíveis ao desenvolvimento da ansiedade e síndrome de burnout (BS), o que pode influenciar em seu desempenho acadêmico. Desta forma, o objetivo do presente estudo foi determinar a prevalência e os níveis de ansiedade e sintomatologia de burnout, bem como avaliar seu impacto no desempenho acadêmico dos estudantes no final do curso de medicina.

          Método

          Estudo observacional, transversal, realizado em estudantes de medicina no final do curso, utilizando o Inventário de Traço e Ansiedade Estatal, a escala Maslach burnout e as médias do desempenho acadêmico obtidas na cordinaçao acadêmica.

          Resultados

          Observou-se prevalência de ansiedade de estado de 40,6 % e de característica de 31,2 %, ambas em proporções semelhantes entre nível médio e alto (75-25 %, respectivamente), as quais demonstram uma alta correlação. A prevalência da Síndrome de burnout foi de 15,6 %, dos quais 17,2 e 23,4 % apresentaram altos níveis de fadiga e despersonalização, respectivamente, além disso, 18,8 % apresentaram baixos níveis de realização pessoal.

          Conclusão

          No final do curso, os alunos apresentaram sintomas de traço e estado de ansiedade com elevada correlação entre ambos, por isso é importante enfatizar que a ansiedade transitória pode integrar uma resposta ansiosa como traço de personalidade. A prevalência da síndrome de burnout foi baixa, sem relação com o desempenho acadêmico, idade ou sexo.

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          Most cited references26

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          Factors associated to depression and anxiety in medical students: a multicenter study

          Background To evaluate personal and institutional factors related to depression and anxiety prevalence of students from 22 Brazilian medical schools. Methods The authors performed a multicenter study (August 2011 to August 2012), examining personal factors (age, sex, housing, tuition scholarship) and institutional factors (year of the medical training, school legal status, location and support service) in association with scores of Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). Results Of 1,650 randomly selected students, 1,350 (81.8 %) completed the study. The depressive symptoms prevalence was 41 % (BDI > 9), state-anxiety 81.7 % and trait-anxiety in 85.6 % (STAI > 33). There was a positive relationship between levels of state (r = 0,591, p < 0.001) and trait (r = 0,718, p < 0.001) anxiety and depression scores. All three symptoms were positively associated with female sex and students from medical schools located in capital cities of both sexes. Tuition scholarship students had higher state-anxiety but not trait-anxiety or depression scores. Medical students with higher levels of depression and anxiety symptoms disagree more than their peers with the statements “I have adequate access to psychological support” and “There is a good support system for students who get stressed”. Conclusions The factors associated with the increase of medical students’ depression and anxiety symptoms were female sex, school location and tuition scholarship. It is interesting that tuition scholarship students showed state-anxiety, but not depression and trait-anxiety symptoms.
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            Burnout risk in medical students in Spain using the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Student Survey.

            It is questionable whether the Maslach Burnout is suitable for studying burnout prevalence in preclinical medical students because many questions are patient-centered and the students have little or no contact with patients. Among factors associated with burnout in medical students, the gender shows conflicting results. The first aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of the risk of burnout in medical students in preclinical and clinical years of training, using the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Student Survey, specifically designed and validated to assess the burnout in university students, and secondly, to investigate the association between gender and burnout subscales. A cross-sectional study was carried out in a sample of 270 Spanish medical students-176 (65%) in the third year and 94 (35%) in the sixth year of training-using the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Student Survey questionnaire. Internal consistencies (Cronbach's alpha) for the three subscales on the whole sample were as follows: for exhaustion 0.78, cynicism 0.78, and efficacy 0.71. Moreover, the prevalence of burnout risk was significantly higher in sixth-year students 35 (37.5%) compared with students in third year of training 26 (14.8%) (χ(2) test, p < 0.0001). No significant association was found between gender and burnout subscales. The Maslach Burnout Inventory-Student Survey overcame difficulties encountered when students have little or no contact with patients. Our findings show that the risk of burnout prevalence doubled from the third year to sixth year of training and that gender was not significantly associated with any of the subscales of burnout.
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              Extracurricular activities associated with stress and burnout in preclinical medical students

              This study aims to assess the prevalence of stress and burnout among preclinical medical students in a private university in Beirut, Lebanon, and evaluate the association between extracurricular involvement and stress and burnout relief in preclinical medical students. A cross-sectional survey was conducted on a random sample of 165 preclinical medical students. Distress level was measured using the 12-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) while that of burnout was measured through the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Student Survey (MBI-SS). The MBI-SS assesses three interrelated dimensions: emotional exhaustion, cynicism, and academic efficacy. Extracurricular activities were divided into four categories: physical exercise, music, reading, and social activities. All selected participants responded. A substantial proportion of preclinical medical students suffered from stress (62%) and burnout (75%). Bivariate and multivariate regression analyses revealed that being a female or a 1st year medical student correlated with higher stress and burnout. Music-related activities were correlated with lower burnout. Social activities or living with parents were associated with lower academic efficacy. The high stress and burnout levels call for action. Addressing the studying conditions and attending to the psychological wellbeing of preclinical medical students are recommendations made in the study.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Journal
                Rev Fac Cien Med Univ Nac Cordoba
                Rev Fac Cien Med Univ Nac Cordoba
                Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Médicas
                Universidad Nacional de Córdoba (Argentina postmaster@ucbscm.edu.ar, postmaster@bfcmcb.sld.ar, cielo@fcmcb.sld.ar, bfcmcb@biomed.uncor.ar )
                0014-6722
                1853-0605
                12 March 2021
                12 March 2021
                : 78
                : 1
                : 25-28
                Affiliations
                [1 ] original 1 Doctorado en Investigaciones Cerebrales, perteneciente al Departamento de Ciencias básicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Veracruzana, campus Minatitlán Veracruz México
                [2 ] original 2 Estudiante de la Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Veracruzana, campus Minatitlán Veracruz México
                [3 ] original 3 Doctorado en Neuroetología, encargado del Departamento de Sociomedicina, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Veracruzana, campus Minatitlán Veracruz México
                Author notes
                E mail de contacto: anpuig@ 123456uv.mx
                Article
                28447
                10.31053/1853.0605.v78.n1.28447
                8713380
                33787028
                8cd46d89-f559-444a-9299-2dc62030e298

                Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial 4.0.

                History
                : 20 May 2020
                : 25 May 2020
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 4, Equations: 0, References: 26, Pages: 4
                Categories
                Artículos Originales

                cansancio,despersonalización,realización personal,rendimiento académico,ansiedad rasgo,ansiedad estado,estudiante de medicina,depersonalization,personal fulfillment,academic performance,trait anxiety,state anxiety,medical student,fadiga,despersonalização,realização pessoal,desempenho académico,traços de traço,estado de estatal,estudante de medicina

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