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      Caracterización clínico-patológica de la esofagitis eosinofílica en niños y adolescentes en el Hospital Universitario Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá Translated title: Clinical Pathology Characterization of Eosinophilic Esophagitis in Children and Adolescents at Hospital Universitario Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá

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          Abstract

          Resumen Introducción: la esofagitis eosinofílica (EEo) es una enfermedad emergente, crónica e inmunomediada. Clínicamente se caracteriza por síntomas asociados con disfunción esofágica e histológicamente por infiltrado inflamatorio predominante de eosinófilos. Objetivo: describir las características clínicas, endoscópicas e histopatológicas de niños y adolescentes con diagnóstico de EEo en el Hospital Universitario Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá entre 2007 y 2017. Métodos: estudio observacional descriptivo de corte transversal que incluyó pacientes menores de 18 años con diagnóstico histopatológico de EEo. Resultados: se incluyeron 46 pacientes, 31 de sexo masculino, con una edad promedio de 11,8 años (rango: 11 meses-18 años). El 70 % presentó dolor abdominal, el 37 % pirosis, 28 % emesis y el 22 % náuseas y disfagia. Los antecedentes más referidos fueron asma (41 %), rinitis alérgica (37 %), enfermedad por reflujo gastroesofágico (22 %) y dermatitis atópica (15 %). El hallazgo endoscópico más frecuente fue los exudados blanquecinos, descritos en el 35 %. La sospecha endoscópica de EEo se describió en el 50 % de los casos. El estudio histopatológico mostró de 15 a 40 eosinófilos por campo de alto poder (CAP) en el 52 %, 41-60 en el 19,5 % y 61-80 en el 15,2 %. Se encontró hiperplasia de la lámina basal en el 95,6 % de los casos. Conclusiones: los pacientes en su mayoría eran adolescentes (69 %), el síntoma más frecuente fue el dolor abdominal (70 %) y el 40 % de los casos tenía antecedente de atopia. Solamente el 50 % tenía hallazgos endoscópicos sugestivos de EEo. El presente trabajo corresponde al primer análisis clínico y patológico de casos de EEo en niños y adolescentes en Colombia.

          Translated abstract

          Abstract Introduction: Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is an emerging, chronic and immune-mediated disease. Clinically it is characterized by symptoms associated with esophageal dysfunction, and histologically by predominantly inflammatory eosinophil infiltrate. Objective: The aim of this study was to describe the clinical, endoscopic and histopathological characteristics of children and adolescents diagnosed with EoE at the Hospital Universitario Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá between 2007 and 2017. Methods: This is a cross-sectional, descriptive and observational study that included patients under 18 years of age with histopathological diagnoses of EoE. Results: Forty-six patients were included, 31 were male, and the average age was 11.8 years (range 11 months - 18 years). Seventy percent presented abdominal pain, 37% presented heartburn, 28% suffered vomiting, 22% had nausea and dysphagia. The most common antecedents were asthma (41%), allergic rhinitis (37%), gastroesophageal reflux disease (22%) and atopic dermatitis (15%). The most frequent endoscopic finding consisted of whitish exudates found in 35% of the cases. Endoscopic suspicion of EoE was described in 50% of the cases. The histopathological study showed 15 to 40 eosinophils per high power field (HPF) in 52%, 41-60/HPF in 19.5%, and 61-80/HPF in 15.2%. Hyperplasia of the basal lamina was found in 95.6% of the cases. Conclusions: The majority of patients were adolescents (69%), the most frequent symptom was abdominal pain (70%), and 40% of cases had histories of atopy. Only 50% had endoscopic findings suggestive of EoE. This study is the first clinical and pathological analysis of EoE cases in children and adolescents in Colombia.

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          ACG clinical guideline: Evidenced based approach to the diagnosis and management of esophageal eosinophilia and eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE).

          Esophageal eosinophilia and eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) are increasingly recognized and prevalent conditions, which now represent common clinical problems encountered by gastroenterologists, pathologists, and allergists. The study of EoE has become a dynamic field with an evolving understanding of the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment. Although there are limited data supporting management decisions, clinical parameters are needed to guide the care of patients with eosinophilic-esophageal disorders. In this evidence-based review, recommendations developed by adult and pediatric gastroenterologists are provided for the evaluation and management of these patients. New terminology is emphasized, particularly the concepts of esophageal eosinophilia and proton-pump inhibitor-responsive esophageal eosinophilia (PPI-REE) as entities distinct from EoE.
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            Eosinophilic esophagitis.

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              Budesonide is effective in adolescent and adult patients with active eosinophilic esophagitis.

              Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the esophagus characterized by dense tissue eosinophilia; it is refractory to proton pump inhibitor therapy. EoE affects all age groups but most frequently individuals between 20 and 50 years of age. Topical corticosteroids are effective in pediatric patients with EoE, but no controlled studies of corticosteroids have been reported in adult patients. We performed a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial to evaluate the effect of oral budesonide (1 mg twice daily for 15 days) in adolescent and adult patients with active EoE. Pretreatment and posttreatment disease activity was assessed clinically, endoscopically, and histologically. The primary end point was reduced mean numbers of eosinophils in the esophageal epithelium (number per high-power field [hpf] = esophageal eosinophil load). Esophageal biopsy and blood samples were analyzed using immunofluorescence and immunoassays, respectively, for biomarkers of inflammation and treatment response. A 15-day course of therapy significantly decreased the number of eosinophils in the esophageal epithelium in patients given budesonide (from 68.2 to 5.5 eosinophils/hpf; P < .0001) but not in the placebo group (from 62.3 to 56.5 eosinophils/hpf; P = .48). Dysphagia scores significantly improved among patients given budesonide compared with those given placebo (5.61 vs 2.22; P < .0001). White exudates and red furrows were reversed in patients given budesonide, based on endoscopy examination. Budesonide, but not placebo, also reduced apoptosis of epithelial cells and molecular remodeling events in the esophagus; no serious adverse events were observed. A 15-day course of treatment with budesonide is well tolerated and highly effective in inducing a histologic and clinical remission in adolescent and adult patients with active EoE. Copyright © 2010 AGA Institute. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                rcg
                Revista Colombiana de Gastroenterologia
                Rev Col Gastroenterol
                Asociación Colombiana de Gastroenterología (Bogotá, , Colombia )
                0120-9957
                March 2019
                : 34
                : 1
                : 23-30
                Affiliations
                [3] Bogotá Bogotá orgnameUniversidad de los Andes Colombia
                [2] Bogotá Bogotá orgnameUniversidad de los Andes Colombia
                [4] Bogotá Arauca orgnameUniversidad Nacional de Colombia Colombia
                [1] Bogotá Arauca orgnameUniversidad Nacional de Colombia Colombia
                Article
                S0120-99572019000100023
                10.22516/25007440.264
                8b0c1a90-7f84-4fff-b246-8cbb91453b87

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 26 June 2018
                : 24 August 2018
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 40, Pages: 8
                Product

                SciELO Colombia


                Eosinophilic esophagitis,Colombia,adolescentes,niños,patología,eosinófilos,Esofagitis eosinofílica,adolescents,children,pathology,eosinophils

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