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      Cuestionario de conocimientos nutricionales aplicados en el deporte: Propuesta inicial de instrumento Translated title: Nutritional knowledge questionnaire applied in sport: Initial proposal for the instrument

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          Abstract

          RESUMEN El conocimiento nutricional es clave para la formación de hábitos alimentarios y en la modulación del comportamiento alimentario. La alimentación y nutrición son cruciales durante la adolescencia sobre todo en jóvenes deportistas. El objetivo de esta investigación fue analizar la validez teórica y los índices de discriminación y dificultad del cuestionario de conocimientos nutricionales aplicados en el deporte utilizando la teoría de respuesta al ítem en deportistas juveniles de 14 a 19 años. Este estudio instrumental se desarrolló en cinco fases: generación de ítems, revisión por panel de expertos, pilotaje, aplicación y depuración final. Participaron 261 adolescentes de 14 a 19 años e integrantes de disciplinas colectivas en selecciones Nacional y clubes profesionales. Se determinaron los índices de dificultad y de discriminación para cada uno de los ítems. Los ítems 1 (0,354) y 2 (0,285) del factor antes, 3 (0,315) y 6 (0,408) del factor durante, 7 (0,354) y 10 (0,408) del factor después, 3 (0,254) y 9 (0,231) del factor hidratación y, 2 (0,362) y 5 (0,323) del factor suplementación, fueron los que presentaron mayor grado de discriminación. El cuestionario de conocimientos nutricionales aplicados en el deporte está compuesto por 30 ítems divididos en cinco factores cada uno de ellos con seis ítems. La propuesta inicial del cuestionario es una herramienta valida teóricamente y con índices de dificultad y discriminación adecuados para evaluar el conocimiento nutricional en jóvenes deportistas. Su aplicación permite conocer potenciales brechas en conocimientos claves y diseñar estrategias educativas específicas para subsanarlas.

          Translated abstract

          ABSTRACT Nutritional knowledge plays a fundamental role in the formation of dietary habits and the modulation of eating behaviour. Nutrition and diet are crucial during adolescence, especially for young athletes. The purpose of this research was to analyse the theoretical validity and indices of discrimination and difficulty of the questionnaire on nutritional knowledge applied in sports using item response theory in youth athletes aged 14 to 19. This instrumental study was conducted in five phases: item generation, expert panel review, pilot testing, application, and final refinement. A total of 261 adolescents aged 14 to 19, who were members of national team and collective disciplines of professional clubs, participated. Difficulty and discrimination indices were determined for each item. Items 1 (0.354) and 2 (0.285) of the before factor, 3 (0.315) and 6 (0.408) of the during factor, 7 (0.354) and 10 (0.408) of the post factor, 3 (0.254) and 9 (0.231) of the hydration factor, and 2 (0.362) and 5 (0.323) of the supplementation factor showed the highest degree of discrimination. The questionnaire on nutritional knowledge applied in sports consists of 30 items divided into five factors, each with six items. The initial questionnaire proposal is a theoretically valid tool and with adequate difficulty and discrimination indices to evaluate nutritional knowledge in young athletes. Its application allows for identifying potential gaps in key knowledge and designing specific educational strategies to address them.

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          Is the CVI an acceptable indicator of content validity? Appraisal and recommendations.

          Nurse researchers typically provide evidence of content validity for instruments by computing a content validity index (CVI), based on experts' ratings of item relevance. We compared the CVI to alternative indexes and concluded that the widely-used CVI has advantages with regard to ease of computation, understandability, focus on agreement of relevance rather than agreement per se, focus on consensus rather than consistency, and provision of both item and scale information. One weakness is its failure to adjust for chance agreement. We solved this by translating item-level CVIs (I-CVIs) into values of a modified kappa statistic. Our translation suggests that items with an I-CVI of .78 or higher for three or more experts could be considered evidence of good content validity.
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            Nutrition in adolescents: physiology, metabolism, and nutritional needs.

            Adolescence is the period of development that begins at puberty and ends in early adulthood. Most commonly, adolescence is divided into three developmental periods: early adolescence (10-14 years of age), late adolescence (15-19 years of age), and young adulthood (20-24 years of age). Adolescence is marked by physical and sexual maturation, social and economic independence, development of identity, acquisition of skills needed to carry out adult relationships and roles, and the capacity for abstract reasoning. Adolescence is characterized by a rapid pace of growth that is second only to that of infancy. Nutrition and the adolescent transition are closely intertwined, since eating patterns and behaviors are influenced by many factors, including peer influences, parental modeling, food availability, food preferences, cost, convenience, personal and cultural beliefs, mass media, and body image. Here, we describe the physiology, metabolism, and nutritional requirements for adolescents and pregnant adolescents, as well as nutrition-related behavior and current trends in adolescent nutrition. We conclude with thoughts on the implications for nutrition interventions and priority areas that would require further investigation.
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              Neurocognitive bases of emotion regulation development in adolescence

              Highlights • Adolescence is a period of increased emotional reactivity and psychopathology. • Adolescent emotion regulation (ER) is discussed in relation to the developing brain. • Implicit emotion regulation develops non-linearly, mirroring brain development. • Explicit ER findings are mixed due to limited studies and differing methods. • Development of adaptive ER strategies can support interventions for psychopathology.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                rchnut
                Revista chilena de nutrición
                Rev. chil. nutr.
                Sociedad Chilena de Nutrición, Bromatología y Toxicología (Santiago, , Chile )
                0717-7518
                October 2023
                : 50
                : 5
                : 540-549
                Affiliations
                [2] Antofagasta Santiago de Chile orgnameUniversidad Santo Tomás orgdiv1Facultad de Ciencias Sociales y Comunicaciones orgdiv2Escuela de Psicología Chile
                [1] Antofagasta Santiago de Chile orgnameUniversidad Santo Tomás orgdiv1Facultad de Salud orgdiv2Escuela de Nutrición y Dietética Chile
                [4] Santiago Santiago de Chile orgnamePontificia Universidad Católica de Chile orgdiv1Escuela de Nutrición y Dietética orgdiv2Facultad de Medicina Chile
                [3] Santiago Santiago de Chile orgnameUniversidad Mayor orgdiv1Escuela de Nutrición y Dietética orgdiv2Facultad de Ciencias Chile
                Article
                S0717-75182023000500540 S0717-7518(23)05000500540
                10.4067/s0717-75182023000500540
                8ae26c92-573b-4f0f-83a8-ec575a36b7f4

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 02 June 2023
                : 23 October 2023
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 29, Pages: 10
                Product

                SciELO Chile

                Categories
                ARTÍCULOS ORIGINALES

                Teoría de respuesta al ítem,Encuestas de nutrición,Deporte juvenil,Conocimientos nutricionales,Youth sports,Nutrition surveys,Nutritional knowledge,Item response theory

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