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      Fijación con tornillos transarticulares C1-2 combinada con técnica de Gallie en luxación atloaxoidea Translated title: C1-2 transarticular screw fixation combined with Gallie technique in atloaxial dislocation

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          Abstract

          RESUMEN Introducción: existen múltiples técnicas quirúrgicas para tratar la inestabilidad del complejo atlantoaxial. La fijación con tornillos transarticulares C1-2 (técnica de Magerl) ha mostrado altos índices de fusión, y puede ser combinada con los sistemas de alambrado descritos inicialmente, para garantizar mayor estabilidad al constructo. Presentación de caso: masculino, 62 años, que luego de una caída de dos metros, es traído a la institución con dolor cervical y con imposibilidad para mover las extremidades. Al examen neurológico, presentaba un grado B en la American Spinal Injury Classiffication Scale. Se diagnostica fractura odontoidea conminuta y luxación atloaxoidea. Se le aplica tracción cervical con lo que se logra la alineación vertebral. Se planifica tratamiento quirúrgico mediante técnica de Magerl. Ante trayectoria subóptima del tornillo inicial, se combina con fusión atloaxoidea posterior, mediante técnica de Gallie. Se mantuvo inmovilización externa durante dos semanas. Al egreso hospitalario, el paciente logra la deambulación, aunque con disparesia braquial con predominio distal. En estudios radiológicos evolutivos, no se observa fallo del sistema de instrumentación. Conclusiones: en este caso la utilización de la técnica de Gallie, ante la malposición de uno de los tornillos transarticulares C1-2, permitió conservar la estabilidad del constructo.

          Translated abstract

          ABSTRACT Introduction: Multiple surgical techniques exist to treat instability of the atlantoaxial complex. Transarticular C1-2 screw fixation (Magerl's technique) has shown high fusion rates, and can be combined with the initially described wiring systems to guarantee greater stability to the construct. Case presentation: male, 62 years old, who after a two-meter fall, was brought to the institution reporting cervical pain and inability to move the limbs. On neurological examination, he had a grade B on the American Spinal Injury Classiffication Scale. A comminuted odontoid fracture and atloaxial dislocation were diagnosed. Cervical traction was applied and vertebral alignment was achieved. Surgical treatment was planned using Magerl's technique. Given the suboptimal trajectory of the initial screw, it was combined with posterior atloaxoid fusion, using Gallie technique. External immobilization was maintained for two weeks. At hospital discharge, the patient achieved ambulation, maintaining brachial dysparesis with distal predominance. In evolutionary radiological studies, no failure of the instrumentation system was observed. Conclusions: In our case, the use of the Gallie technique, in view of the malposition of one of the C1-2 transarticular screws, allowed preserving the stability of the construct.

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          Most cited references14

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          Vertebral artery variations revised: origin, course, branches and embryonic development

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            Posterior Subaxial Cervical Spine Screw Fixation: A Review of Techniques

            Study Design: A narrative literature review. Objectives: To review the surgical techniques of posterior screw fixation in the subaxial cervical spine. Methods: A broad literature review on the most common screw fixation techniques including lateral mass, pedicle, intralaminar and transfacet screws was performed on PubMed. The techniques and surgical nuances are summarized. Results: The following techniques were described in detail and presented with illustrative figures, including (1) lateral mass screw insertion: by Roy-Camille, Louis, Magerl, Anderson, An, Riew techniques and also a modified technique for C7 lateral mass fixation; (2) pedicle screw fixation technique as described by Abumi and also a freehand technique description; (3) intralaminar screw fixation; and finally, (4) transfacet screw fixation, as described by Takayasu, DalCanto, Klekamp, and Miyanji. Conclusions: Many different techniques of subaxial screw fixation were described and are available. To know the nuances of each one allows surgeons to choose the best option for each patient, improving the success of the fixation and decrease complications.
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              Posterior atlantoaxial fusion: a comprehensive review of surgical techniques and relevant vascular anomalies

              Posterior atlantoaxial fusion is an important surgical technique frequently used to treat various pathologies involving the cervical 1–2 joint. Since the beginning of the 20th century, various fusion techniques have been developed with improved safety profile, higher fusion rates, and superior clinical outcome. Despite the advancement of technology and surgical techniques, posterior C1–2 fusion is still a technically challenging procedure given the complex bony and neurovascular anatomy in the craniovertebral junction (CVJ). In addition, vascular anomalies in this region are not uncommon and can lead to devastating neurovascular complications if unrecognized. Thus, it is important for spine surgeons to be familiar with various posterior atlantoaxial fusion techniques along with a thorough knowledge of various vascular anomalies in the CVJ. Intimate knowledge of the various surgical techniques in combination with an appreciation for anatomical variances, allows the surgeon develop a customized surgical plan tailored to each patient’s particular pathology and individual anatomy. In this article, we aim to provide a comprehensive review of existing posterior C1–2 fusion techniques along with a review of common vascular anomalies in the CVJ.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                rpr
                Revista de Ciencias Médicas de Pinar del Río
                Rev Ciencias Médicas
                Editorial Ciencias Médicas (Pinar del Río, , Cuba )
                1561-3194
                August 2022
                : 26
                : 4
                : e5186
                Affiliations
                [1] Holguín orgnameUniversidad de Ciencias Médicas de Holguín. orgdiv1Facultad de Ciencias Médicas “Mariana Grajales Coello” orgdiv2Hospital Clínico Quirúrgico “Lucía Iñiguez Landín” Cuba
                Article
                S1561-31942022000400020 S1561-3194(22)02600400020
                8a17cce6-2e9b-4c58-82b5-52f2facbf1ce

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 13 April 2022
                : 22 June 2021
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 14, Pages: 0
                Product

                SciELO Cuba

                Categories
                PRESENTACIÓN DE CASOS

                DISLOCATION,AVULSIÓN DE DIENTE,ARTICULACIÓN ATLANTOAXOIDEA,ARTERIA VERTEBRAL,VERTEBRAL ARTERY,ATLANTO-AXIAL JOINT,TOOTH AVULSION,LUXACIÓN

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