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      Componente tibial na revisão da artroplastia do joelho: comparação entre fixação cimentada e híbrida Translated title: Tibial component in revision of total knee arthroplasty: comparison between cemented and hybrid fixation

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          Abstract

          OBJETIVO: Comparar os resultados clínicos, radiográficos e de seguimento a médio prazo de dois métodos de fixação do componente tibial nas cirurgias de revisão de prótese total do joelho: cimentada (bandeja e haste) e híbrida (bandeja cimentada e haste que preenche o canal não cimentada e não porosa). MÉTODOS: Entre agosto de 1999 e novembro de 2005, 30 cirurgias de revisão de artroplastia total do joelho foram realizadas em 26 pacientes, sendo divididas em: grupo I: fixação cimentada (N = 21); grupo II: híbrida (N = 9). O tempo médio de acompanhamento foi de 52 meses, e não houve perda de seguimento pós-operatório. RESULTADOS: Não foram observadas diferenças nos resultados dos valores dos questionários da Womac e do Knee Society Score entre os dois grupos. Um paciente do grupo I apresentou sinais radiográficos de soltura. Dois pacientes (um de cada grupo) referiram dor na região diafisária, compatível com o local da ponta das hastes. O sinal radiográfico de "pedestal" esteve presente em 89% dos joelhos com hastes não cimentadas e em nenhum com haste cimentada. CONCLUSÃO: A análise comparativa entre os dois métodos não mostrou diferenças nos parâmetros clínico, radiográfico e de sobrevida da artroplastia.

          Translated abstract

          OBJECTIVE: To compare the clinical, radiographic and medium-term follow-up results from two fixation methods for the tibial component in revision procedures on total knee prostheses: cemented (tray and stem) and hybrid (cemented tray and uncemented, nonporous canal-filling stem). METHODS: Between August 1999 and November 2005, 30 revision procedures on total knee arthroplasties were performed on 26 patients, who were divided between group I (cemented fixation; 21 knees) and group II (hybrid fixation; nine knees). The mean follow-up was 52 months and no patients were lost from the follow-up. RESULTS: No differences in the scores from the WOMAC and Knee Society questionnaires were observed between the two groups. One patient in group I presented radiographic signs of loosening. Two patients (one in each group) complained of pain in the diaphyseal region, compatible with the location of the stem tip. The pedestal radiographic sign was observed in 89% of the knees with uncemented stems and in none of the cemented group. CONCLUSION: The comparative analysis between the two methods did not show any differences regarding clinical and radiographic parameters, or arthroplasty survival.

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          Projections of Primary and Revision Hip and Knee Arthroplasty in the United States from 2005 to 2030

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            Stem fixation in revision total knee arthroplasty: a comparative analysis.

            Methods of stem fixation are a controversial aspect of revision TKA. We sought to determine which technique was superior by reviewing 475 revision TKAs done between 1986 and 2000. Of these 475 revisions, 286 major component revisions were done using 484 extended stems for fixation. Patients who died, patients who had less than 2 years follow up, or patients who had diaphyseal engaging stems were excluded from the study. The final data set included 113 revision TKAs with 202 metaphyseal engaging stems. Of the 202 stems, 107 were cemented whereas 95 were press-fit metaphyseal engaging stems. One hundred one of these were femoral stems and 101 were tibial stems. Using a modified Knee Society radiographic scoring system, 100 (93%) of the 107 implants with cemented stems were considered stable, seven (7%) were categorized as possibly loose requiring close followup, and none were loose. Of the 95 implants placed with cementless stems, only 67 (71%) were categorized as stable. Eighteen (19%) were possibly loose requiring close followup and 10 (10%) were loose (two tibial and eight femoral implants). We currently would urge caution in using cementless metaphyseal engaging stems for fixation in revision TKA.
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              Pain at the end of the stem after revision total knee arthroplasty.

              A consecutive series of patients undergoing revision total knee arthroplasty was studied prospectively. Clinical and radiographic assessment was performed preoperatively, 6 and 12 months postoperatively, and annually thereafter. Evaluation consisted of a Knee Society clinical score and assessment of patient satisfaction. In addition, patients completed drawings of their lower extremity regarding the location and severity of the pain they experienced preoperatively and at minimum 2-year followup (mean, 36 months; range, 24-48 months). Pain that was localized to the diaphyseal region of the femur or tibia on the drawing was defined as pain at the end of the stem. Clinical, radiographic, and pain drawing data were completed for patients who had 66 of 78 revision total knee arthroplasties performed during the time of the study (85%). All procedures were performed with the same implant system and instrumentation and included fluted cobalt-chrome stems for all patients in whom the stem was implanted without cement and slightly underreamed (press fit). All femoral components had the surface cemented with the stems press fit. Sixteen of the tibial stems were cemented fully, whereas the remaining 50 tibial components were cemented on the surface only with the stems press fit. Localized pain at the end of the stem was present on the femoral side in seven of 66 patients (11%) and in seven of 50 patients with press fit tibial stems (14%). Patients with pain at the end of the stem at 2 to 4 years postoperatively had significantly lower preoperative function scores and overall Knee Society clinical score. Postoperatively, patients with pain at the end of the stem had a significantly lower clinical score; however the postoperative function score and Knee Society clinical score were not significantly different than scores of patients who did not have pain at the end of the stem. There was no correlation between the stem diameter and the occurrence of pain; however, there was a trend for percent canal fill to be higher on the tibial side in patients with pain (71% versus 63%), but this was not statistically significant. Three of the 16 patients with cemented tibial stems (19%) experienced pain at the end of the stem. Patients with press fit stems who had pain at the end of the stem were more likely to express dissatisfaction with the surgical procedure than patients without pain at the end of the stem.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                rbort
                Revista Brasileira de Ortopedia
                Rev. bras. ortop.
                Sociedade Brasileira de Ortopedia e Traumatologia (São Paulo, SP, Brazil )
                0102-3616
                1982-4378
                October 2011
                : 46
                : 5
                : 585-590
                Affiliations
                [01] São Paulo SP orgnameSociedade Brasileira de Ortopedia e Traumatologia Brasil
                [02] Curitiba PR orgnameUniversidade Federal do Paraná Brasil
                Article
                S0102-36162011000500017 S0102-3616(11)04600517
                887eeaa3-5902-4b29-a803-63099bce301e

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 21 March 2011
                : 02 November 2010
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 19, Pages: 6
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Categories
                Artigos Originais

                Artroplastia,Arthroplasty,Revision,Cementation,Knee,Cimentação,Revisão,Joelho

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