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      Yield loss and economic thresholds of yellow nutsedge in irrigated rice as a function of the onset of flood irrigation Translated title: Perdas de produtividade e níveis de dano econômico de tiririca-amarela em arroz irrigado em função do início da irrigação por inundação

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          Abstract

          Yellow nutsedge (Cyperus esculentus) is adapted to flooding and reduces yield in irrigated rice. Information on the competitive ability of this weed with the crop and the size of the economic damage caused is lacking. Mathematical models quantify the damage to crops and support control decision-making. This study aimed to determine yield losses and economic thresholds (ET) of this weed in the culture according to weed population and time of onset of irrigation of the crop. The field study was conducted in the agricultural year of 2010/2011 in Pelotas/RS to evaluate the competitive ability of BRS Querência in competition with different population levels of yellow nutsedge and two periods of onset of flood irrigation (14 and 21 days after emergence). The hyperbolic model satisfactorily estimated yield losses caused by yellow nutsedge. Population of yellow nutsedge was the variable most fitted to the model. The delay of seven days for the beginning of rice irrigation causes decrease in competitive ability of BRS Querência, and based on the ET calculated to the price paid for rice, it is necessary between two and thirteen plants m-2 weed to justify the control in the first and second period of irrigation, respectively. Increases in yield, price paid for rice and control efficiency of the herbicide, besides reduction of costs of controlling promote reduction of ET of yellow nutsedge in rice crops, justifying the adoption of control measures even at smaller weed population.

          Translated abstract

          A tiririca-amarela (Cyperus esculentus) é adaptada ao alagamento e causa redução de produtividade do arroz irrigado. Informações da habilidade competitiva da planta daninha com a cultura e a dimensão do prejuízo econômico por ela causado são escassas. Modelos matemáticos quantificam prejuízos às culturas e subsidiam a tomada de decisão de controle. O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar perdas de produtividade e níveis de dano econômico (NDE) da tiririca-amarela na cultura em função da população da planta daninha e da época de início da irrigação da cultura. Foi conduzido estudo a campo, na safra 2010/2011, no município de Pelotas, RS, para avaliar a habilidade competitiva da cultivar de arroz BRS Querência em competição com diferentes níveis populacionais de tiririca-amarela em duas épocas de início de irrigação da cultura (14 e 21 dias após a emergência). O modelo hiperbólico estimou satisfatoriamente as perdas de produtividade que a tiririca-amarela causa à cultura. A variável mais ajustada ao modelo foi a população de tiririca-amarela. O atraso de sete dias no início da irrigação do arroz causa decréscimo na habilidade competitiva da cultivar BRS Querência, sendo necessárias, com base nos NDE calculados à variável preço pago pelo arroz, entre duas e 13 plantas m-2 da planta daninha para justificar o controle na primeira e segunda épocas de irrigação, respectivamente. Aumentos da produtividade, preço pago pelo arroz e eficiência de controle do herbicida e a diminuição do custo de controle promovem redução nos NDE de tiririca-amarela na cultura, justificando adoção de medidas de controle sob menor população da planta daninha.

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          Most cited references24

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          Arroz irrigado: recomendações técnicas de pesquisa para o Sul do Brasil

          (2012)
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            Qualidade do melão exportado pelo porto de Natal-RN

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              Aspects of the Design and Interpretation of Competition (Interference) Experiments

              The design and analysis of competition experiments should be based on an unambiguous objective. Recent criticisms of particular designs have been made without reference to objectives and may be misleading. Three common designs are discussed: additive, replacement series, and response surface. Additive designs are well suited to agronomic objectives; replacement series are useful for comparing pairs of species; response surface designs can be used for most objectives but may be unnecessarily complex. The published criticisms of additive and replacement series designs are argued to be acceptable limitations within the bounds of the objectives for which they are used. Concerns about these designs confounding density and proportion are irrelevant to the objectives for which they are most suited. The continued use of multiple comparison tests is argued to be illogical. Regression approaches to analysis are more relevant, many non-linear equations are now easy to fit to data and these can be used without the need for linearization. However, there are various pitfalls not adequately reported to date. In particular, error structures need to be checked carefully and over-elaborate equations should be avoided.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                brag
                Bragantia
                Bragantia
                Instituto Agronômico de Campinas (Campinas )
                1678-4499
                March 2014
                : 73
                : 1
                : 32-38
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Universidade Federal de Pelotas Brazil
                [2 ] Universidade Federal de Pelotas Brazil
                Article
                S0006-87052014000100005
                10.1590/brag.2014.001
                881c040d-eb1a-401c-a3cc-7aa5d7b61f3f

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

                History
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=0006-8705&lng=en
                Categories
                AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

                General agriculture
                Cyperus esculentus,rectangular hyperbole,Oryza sativa,hipérbole retangular

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