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      The effect of degree of competition for feeding space on the silage dry matter intake and feeding behaviour of dairy cows Translated title: Efecto del grado de competencia por espacio de comedero en el consumo de materia seca y comportamiento del consumo de vacas lecheras

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          Abstract

          Twenty five late lactation dairy cows were allocated to 5 treatments with either 1, 3, 5, 7 or 9 cows per feeding space. Each feeding space consisted of a Calan gate with access to silage blocks placed on a load platform. Eating behaviour was monitored by identifying cows using collar borne transponders. Animals had access to silage throughout the day, with fresh silage being offered daily at 09:30 h. No concentrates were offered during the experiment. Cows were allocated to a Graeco-Latin square design with 5 periods. Each period consisted of 14 days, and one cow per treatment was recorded for each period, with additional cows used to reach the required level of competition. All cows were rotated across treatments and gates over periods. As the degree of competition increased, animals modified their feeding behaviour, with a linear increase (P < 0.001) in both number of meals per day and eating rate. Increasing level of competition resulted in linear reductions (P < 0.01) in total feeding time, feeding time per meal and average meal size. Total dry matter intake was reduced both by the absence of competition and at high levels of competition, showing a quadratic trend (P < 0.05) with increasing competition. It is concluded that at low levels of competition, cows ate relatively few, large meals, but as competition increased cows consumed silage in a large number of small meals. At moderate levels of competition (3-7 cows/feeding space) cows maintained their intake as a result of marked changes in feeding behaviour.

          Translated abstract

          Veinticinco vacas lecheras fueron asignadas a cinco tratamientos con 1, 3, 5, 7 ó 9 vacas por espacio de comedero. Cada comedero consistió en un alimentador electrónico que permitía el acceso del animal a ensilaje dispuesto sobre una balanza. El comportamiento de consumo fue monitoreado con collares electrónicos que permitían la identificación individual de cada animal mientras consumía ensilaje. Los animales tuvieron acceso al ensilaje durante todo el día, el que fue ofrecido diariamente a las 9:30 h. No se utilizó concentrado. Las vacas fueron asignadas a un diseño de Cuadrado Greco-Latino con cinco períodos. Cada período consistió en 14 días, y para cada período se registró el comportamiento de consumo de una vaca por tratamiento con el resto de las vacas utilizadas para lograr el nivel de competencia asignado. Se observó un incremento lineal (P < 0,001) en el número de comidas por día y la tasa de ingestión, a medida que se incrementaba la competencia. Un aumento en la competencia resultó en una reducción lineal (P < 0,01) en el tiempo total de consumo, tiempo de consumo por cada comida y tamaño de cada comida. El consumo total disminuyó, tanto bajo la ausencia de competencia, como a altos niveles de competencia, observándose una tendencia cuadrática (P < 0,05) al incrementar los niveles de competencia. Se concluye que a niveles bajos de competencia las vacas consumen pocas comidas de mayor tamaño, pero en la medida que aumenta la competencia, éstas consumen el ensilaje en un gran número de pequeñas comidas. A niveles intermedios de competencia, las vacas mantienen su nivel de consumo como resultado de marcados cambios en su comportamiento ingestivo.

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          Feeding Behavior of Dairy Cattle

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            Effect of Animal Grouping on Feeding Behavior and Intake of Dairy Cattle

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              Frequency of feed delivery affects the behavior of lactating dairy cows.

              The objectives of this study were to examine how frequency of feed delivery affects 1) the behavior of group-housed and group-fed dairy cows and 2) the extent of feed sorting. These objectives were tested in two experiments. In each experiment, 48 lactating Holstein cows, split into groups of 12, were subjected to each of 2 treatments (over 10-d periods) in a cross-over design. The treatments for the first experiment were 1) delivery of feed once per day (1x) and 2) delivery of feed twice per day (2x). Treatments for the second experiment were 1) delivery of feed 2x and 2) delivery of feed four times per day (4x). For the 1x, 2x, and 4x treatments, feed was pushed up 3, 2, and 0 times per day, respectively. For both experiments, cows had 0.6 m of feeding space; one cows was allowed per lying stall. Time-lapse video was used to quantify the feeding and lying behavior, as well as the aggressive behavior displayed at the feed bunk by the cows. Changes in NDF content of the TMR throughout the day were used to determine the extent of feed sorting by the cows. In both experiments, increased frequency of feed provision increased, as well as changed, the distribution of daily feeding time. The changes in distribution of feeding time resulted in cows having more equal access to feed throughout the day. Frequency of feed delivery had no effect on the daily lying time of the cows or the daily incidence of aggressive interactions at the feed bunk. However, subordinate cows were not displaced as frequently when fed more often. For all treatments, in both experiments, the NDF content of the TMR present in the feed bunk increased throughout the day, indicating that sorting of the feed had occurred. Further, the amount of sorting of the feed was reduced by increasing the frequency of feed delivery from 1x to 2x. These results indicate that frequent delivery of feed improves access to feed for all cows, particularly during peak feeding periods when fresh feed is provided, and reduces the amount of feed sorting.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                amv
                Archivos de medicina veterinaria
                Arch. med. vet.
                Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Austral de Chile (Valdivia, , Chile )
                0301-732X
                2009
                : 41
                : 1
                : 27-34
                Affiliations
                [02] orgnameAgri-Food and Bioscience Institute UK
                [01] Coyhaique orgnameInstituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, Chile orgdiv1Centro Regional de Investigación Tamel Aike Chile helizald@ 123456inia.cl
                Article
                S0301-732X2009000100004 S0301-732X(09)04100104
                86efcbbb-8547-455c-80d7-b90fd30f45e6

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

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                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 33, Pages: 8
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                SciELO Chile

                Categories
                ORIGINAL ARTICLES

                comportamiento,consumo,competencia,vacas lecheras,behaviour,intake,competition,dairy cows

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