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      El deterioro de la fluidez verbal como marcador de déficit comunicativo primario en el primer episodio de Esquizofrenia Translated title: The evaluation of verbal fluency as a marker of primary communicative deficit in the first episode of schizophrenia

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          Abstract

          Resumen: En este trabajo se analizan algunas dimensiones de la fluidez verbal en una muestra de 50 entrevistas clínicas realizadas con personas diagnosticadas con Esquizofrenia crónica y primer episodio, desde la perspectiva de la lingüística clínica aplicada a la psiquiatría. Nos proponemos determinar si existen diferencias en las dimensiones de fluidez verbal estudiadas entre ambos grupos de pacientes. De esta forma, para evaluar si constituye un marcador de déficit lingüístico primario, pretendemos verificar la relación entre la fluidez verbal y la etapa de evolución la enfermedad. El análisis de los datos, en primer lugar, demuestra que es posible observar el deterioro temprano de la fluidez verbal en personas con primer episodio de Esquizofrenia. En el segundo caso, la etapa clínica variable de la enfermedad presenta una mayor significación estadística, por lo tanto, es posible considerar que el deterioro de la fluidez verbal es un marcador primario del déficit pragmalingüístico para la Esquizofrenia.

          Translated abstract

          Abstract: This paper analyzes some dimensions of verbal fluency in a sample of 50 clinical interviews conducted with people diagnosed with chronic schizophrenia and first episode, from the perspective of clinical linguistics applied to psychiatry. We propose to determine if there are differences in the verbal fluidity dimensions studied between both groups of patients. In this way, in order to assess whether it constitutes a marker of primary linguistic deficit, we intend to verify the relationship between verbal fluency, clinical diagnosis and the stage of the disease. Firstly, the analysis of the data shows that it is possible to observe the early deterioration of verbal fluency in people with first episode of schizophrenia. In the second place, the variable clinical stage of the disease presents a greater statistical significance; therefore, it is possible to consider that the deterioration of verbal fluency is a primary marker of the pragmalinguistic deficit for schizophrenia.

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          Most cited references34

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          Generating novel ideas: fluency performance in high-functioning and learning disabled individuals with autism.

          Tasks of fluency tap the ability to generate multiple responses spontaneously following a single cue or instruction. The present study compared the fluency performance of subjects with autism and clinical control subjects at two different levels of ability (high-functioning subjects with a verbal IQ of 76 or greater, and globally learning disabled subjects with a verbal IQ of 74 or below). A battery of tasks was employed to assess subjects' word fluency (for letters and semantic categories), ideational fluency (for uses of objects and interpretations of meaningless line drawings), and design fluency (for abstract meaningless designs). Subjects with autism showed reduced fluency for both the word and ideational fluency tasks, generating significantly fewer responses than the clinical control subjects. Results were particularly striking for the ideational fluency tasks. On these tasks, autistic subjects produced very low response totals, with the performance of the high-functioning subjects with autism equivalent to that of the learning disabled subjects with autism and significantly inferior to that of the learning disabled control individuals. In contrast, the results of the design fluency paradigm paint a different picture. This paradigm revealed no significant difference in the quantity of designs generated by the subjects with autism and the control subjects but a clear qualitative difference, with the autistic group producing significantly higher rates of disallowed and perseverative responses. Whilst the results of the word and ideational fluency tasks are suggested to support the hypothesis that individuals with autism are impaired in the generation of novel responses and behaviour, the results of the design fluency task are equally consistent with an impairment in the regulation of behaviour through inhibition and/or monitoring. The implications of these findings for the study of executive function abilities in autism are discussed.
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            Letter and category fluency in patients with frontal lobe lesions.

            This study examines the hypothesis that patients with frontal lobe lesions are impaired on tests of letter but not category fluency. This hypothesis was proposed by Moscovitch (1994), based on a series of cognitive studies with young, normal participants. A group of patients with lateral prefrontal lesions and age-matched controls were tested on 2 tests of verbal fluency, the FAS task and a category fluency task that used semantic categories as cues (e.g., animals). Patients with frontal lobe lesions generated fewer items than controls on both letter and category fluency. This effect did not interact with the type of fluency test, suggesting that the frontal lobes are more generally involved in verbal fluency. Moreover, this pattern of findings, along with previous results of impaired free recall and remote retrieval in this patient group, suggests that patients with frontal lobe lesions do not efficiently organize and develop retrieval strategies.
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              Relationships between personality disorders, social disturbances, and physical disability following traumatic brain injury

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                signos
                Revista signos
                Rev. signos
                Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso. Instituto de Literatura y Ciencias del Lenguaje (Valparaíso, , Chile )
                0718-0934
                December 2019
                : 52
                : 101
                : 780-803
                Affiliations
                [2] Castilla y León orgnameUniversidad de Valladolid Spain marianieves.mendizabal@ 123456uva.es
                [3] Castilla y León orgnameUniversidad de Valladolid Spain najimeno@ 123456med.uva.es
                [1] Santiago de Chile orgnameUniversidad de Chile Chile aliciafigueroa@ 123456med.uchile.cl
                Article
                S0718-09342019000300780
                10.4067/S0718-09342019000300780
                868f3bc4-ca11-4cef-98b8-7f021eeffe84

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 22 October 2018
                : 21 March 2018
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 54, Pages: 24
                Product

                SciELO Chile

                Categories
                ARTÍCULOS

                Fluidez verbal,Esquizofrenia,marcador primario,lingüística clínica,Verbal fluency,first episode,primary marker,clinical linguistics,schizophrenia,primer episodio

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