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      Flower morpho-anatomy in Epiphyllum phyllanthus (Cactaceae) Translated title: Morfo-anatomía de la flor de Epiphyllum phyllanthus (Cactaceae)

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          Abstract

          The aim of this contribution was to analyze the morpho-anatomical floral structure of Epiphyllum phyllanthus (L.) Haw., a widely distributed species across South America, occurring in humid forests as an epiphyte. Flowers and flower buds were collected in Maringá, Paraná State, Brazil, fixed, processed, and analyzed under light microscope and scanning electron microscope. The flower is sessile and epigynous with a well-developed hypanthium. All flower whorls have uniseriate epidermis. Secretory cavities containing mucilage and calcium oxalate crystals occur throughout the floral parenchymatous tissue. The androecium has many stamens with tetrasporangiate and bithecal anthers. The wall of the young anther is formed by epidermis, endothecium, a middle layer, and binucleate secretory tapetum that eventually becomes uninucleate. The gynoecium is syncarpous with 9-10 carpels, pluriovulate, and with parietal placentation. The ovary has inverted vascular bundles in a similar pattern as in Pereskia. The nectariferous region occurs on the inner surface of the hypanthium. The stigma has 9-10 lobes with a secretory epidermis. The ovules are circinotropous, bitegmic, crassinucelate, and have long funiculus as in many other Cactaceae.

          Translated abstract

          El objetivo de esta investigación fue analizar la morfo-anatomía de la flor de Epiphyllum phyllanthus (L.) Haw, especie con distribución amplia en los bosques húmedos de América del Sur como epífita. Se recolectaron flores y botones en Maringá, PR, Brasil, fijados, procesados y analizados con microscopio de luz y con microscopio electrónico de barrido. La flor es sésil, epígina con hipanto desarrollado. Todos los verticilos florales presentan epidermis simple. Cavidades secretoras con mucilago y cristales de oxalato de calcio se encuentran en todo el tejido parenquimático de la flor. El androceo posee muchos estambres, con anteras bitecas y tetraesporangiadas. La pared de la antera joven está formada por epidermis, endotecio, una capa mediana y tapete secretor binucleado, eventualmente uninucleado. El gineceo es sincárpico con 9-10 carpelos, pluriovulado y de placentación parietal y el ovario tiene haces vasculares invertidos, en un patrón similar a Pereskia. La región nectarífera se encuentra en el lado interno del hipanto. El estigma es 9-10 lobado, con epidermis secretora. Los óvulos son circinótropos, bitegumentados, crassinucelados y con funículo largo como en otras Cactaceae.

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          Most cited references92

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          Plant microtechnique

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            An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG II

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              An integrated system of classification of flowering plant

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                rmbiodiv
                Revista mexicana de biodiversidad
                Rev. Mex. Biodiv.
                Instituto de Biología (México, DF, Mexico )
                1870-3453
                2007-8706
                April 2010
                : 81
                : 1
                : 65-80
                Affiliations
                [01] Rio Claro SP orgnameUniversidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) orgdiv1Instituto de Biociências orgdiv2Departamento de Botânica Brasil
                [02] Maringá PR orgnameUniversidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM) orgdiv1Centro de Ciências Biológicas orgdiv2Departamento de Biologia Brasil
                Article
                S1870-34532010000100011 S1870-3453(10)08100100011
                8612d1c2-23fb-4287-bda5-1d12447cca9f

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 12 January 2009
                : 11 August 2009
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 51, Pages: 16
                Product

                SciELO Mexico

                Categories
                Anatomy

                ovule,nectary,hypanthium,gynoecium,anther,óvulo,nectario,hipanto,gineceo,antera

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