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      Determinación del cariotipo en heliconias nativas de México Translated title: Karyotype determination in native heliconias of Mexico

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          Abstract

          Resumen Heliconia es un género que agrupa a especies tropicales y subtropicales; se distribuye de manera natural desde Brasil hasta México; la vistosidad de su inflorescencia permite su uso con fines ornamentales. Estudios cariológicos en Heliconia reportan especies con 2n = 2x = 22, 2n = 2x = 24 y 2n = 3x = 36 cromosomas. Debido a que en las especies de México se desconoce el número y morfología cromosómica, el presente estudio tuvo por objetivo determinar el cariotipo de Heliconia uxpanapensis, endémica de México, H. latispatha y H. stricta cv. Iris. El pretratamiento de las raíces se realizó con un medio físico (4 ± 1 ºC). El genoma haploide de H. uxpanapensis mide 22.21 µm, el de H. latispatha 26.56 µm y el de H. stricta 25.37 µm. Las tres especies tienen 2n = 2x = 24 cromosomas, la fórmula cariotípica de H. uxpanapensis está representada por 2n = 8m + 10sm (2sat) + 6st, el de H. latispatha 2n = 4m + 14sm + 6st (2sat) y el de H. stricta 2n = 16m + 8sm. El primero y segundo par de cromosomas de H. latispatha y H. uxpanapensis, respectivamente, presentan satélites, mientras que en H. stricta la presencia del satélite se observó en un solo cromosoma del genoma. Este es el primer estudio en el género Heliconia que reporta la presencia de cromosomas subtelocéntricos.

          Translated abstract

          Summary Heliconia is a genus that groups tropical and subtropical species, and it is distributed naturally from Brazil to Mexico. The brightness of its inflorescence allows its use for ornamental purposes. Karyological studies in Heliconia report species with 2n = 2x = 22, 2n = 2x = 24 and 2n = 3x = 36 chromosomes. Because the number and chromosome morphology of Mexican species is unknown, this study aimed to determine the karyotype of Heliconia uxpanapensis, endemic to Mexico, H. latispatha, and H. stricta cv. Iris. Pretreatment of roots was performed with a physical medium (4 ± 1 ºC). The length of the haploid genome of each species was 22.21 μm for H. uxpanapensis, 26.56 μm for H. latispatha, and 25.37 μm for H. stricta. The three species have 2n = 2x = 24 chromosomes; the karyotypic formula of H. uxpanapensis is represented by 2n = 8m + 10sm (2sat) + 6st; the one for H. latispatha is 2n = 4m + 14sm + 6st (2sat); and that for H. stricta is 2n = 16m + 8sm. The first and second pairs of chromosomes of H. latispatha and H. uxpanapensis, respectively, present satellites, whereas in H. stricta the presence of the satellite was only observed in a single chromosome of the genome. This is the first study in the genus Heliconia that reports the presence of sub-telocentric chromosomes.

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          A tool for the analysis of chromosomes: KaryoType

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            Cytology and Cytogenetics as a Fundamental Taxonomic Resource for the 20th and 21st Centuries

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              Air drying method using nitrous oxide for chromosome counting in maize.

              Nitrous oxide (N2O), colchicine, trifluralin, amiprophos-methyl, 8-hydroxyquinoline, and temperature pretreatments (cold and cold-hot-cold) were compared for chromosome counting in maize (Zea mays L.). Pretreated root tips were prepared by enzymatic maceration and air drying, and the number of countable figures and mitotic indexes were recorded. N2O treatment at 10 atm for 3 hr produced the largest number of countable chromosome figures (266.5 per preparation) and an average of 44.2 nonoverlapped chromosome figures per preparation. Treatment with 0.04% 8-hydroxyquinoline for 3 hr exhibited a moderate number of countable chromosome figures (53.9 per preparation). The effects of colchicine, trifluralin, amiprophos-methyl and temperature pretreatments were limited.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                rfm
                Revista fitotecnia mexicana
                Rev. fitotec. mex
                Sociedad Mexicana de Fitogenética A.C. (Chapingo, Estado de México, Mexico )
                0187-7380
                September 2018
                : 41
                : 3
                : 221-226
                Affiliations
                [2] Tepatitlán de Morelos orgnameInstituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias orgdiv1Centro Nacional de Recursos Genéticos Mexico
                [1] Texcoco orgnameColegio de Postgraduados orgdiv1Postgrado en Recursos Genéticos y Productividad-Genética Mexico
                Article
                S0187-73802018000300221 S0187-7380(18)04100300221
                10.35196/rfm.2018.3.221-226
                85f5e1ab-d738-491d-8665-9ceaf67d2123

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 22 May 2018
                : 03 August 2017
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 29, Pages: 6
                Product

                SciELO Mexico

                Categories
                Artículos científicos

                Heliconia latispatha,Heliconia uxpanapensis,Heliconia stricta,agua fría,cold water

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