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      Influência da pré-cloração na clarificação de águas para abastecimento utilizando coagulante à base de tanino Translated title: Pre-chlorination effects on drinking water treatment using tannin-based coagulant

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          Abstract

          RESUMO Diferentes técnicas de tratamento de água destinada ao abastecimento público, como a pré-cloração e o uso de coagulantes orgânicos, têm sido relatadas como alternativas econômica, técnica e ambientalmente viáveis. Entretanto, o resultado da interação entre esses processos deve ser estudado para sua aplicação com segurança. Dessa forma, este estudo objetivou avaliar a influência da pré-cloração na clarificação de água para abastecimento público, utilizando coagulante à base de tanino. Os ensaios foram conduzidos em jar test com o uso de Tanfloc SG como coagulante, variando as dosagens de 2,5 a 45,0 mg L−1, e de oxidante hipoclorito de sódio (NaClO) nas concentrações de cloro residual livre (HClO(NaClO)) de 0,8 e 5,0 mg L−1, no tratamento da água do ribeirão João Leite. As dosagens ótimas de coagulante foram determinadas para as seguintes condições de tratamento: adição somente de tanino; tanino e NaClO aplicados simultaneamente; e tanino adicionado após 30 min da pré-cloração. Nessas condições, o pH de coagulação foi analisado de 6,0 a 8,5. Foram avaliados parâmetros como turbidez, cor aparente, pH e HClO(NaClO). A melhor condição de tratamento com pré-cloração foi a adição simultânea de NaClO e coagulante tanino nas dosagens de 0,8 mg L−1 (HClO(NaClO)) e 10,0 mg L−1, respectivamente, com remoção de turbidez de 71,6% e cor aparente de 62,7%. Os resultados demonstraram que a pré-cloração afetou negativamente o processo de tratamento, e para maior concentração de HClO(NaClO) maior foi a dosagem de tanino requerida, sem apresentar aumento significativo nas eficiências de remoção de turbidez e cor aparente.

          Translated abstract

          ABSTRACT Different techniques in the treatment of water intended for public supply such as pre-chlorination and use of organic coagulants have been reported as economic, technical and environmental viable alternatives. However, the result of the interaction between these processes should be studied for their safe application. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the influence of pre-chlorination on coagulation and flocculation of water for public supply using a tannin-based coagulant. The assays were conducted in Jar Test using Tanfloc SG as a coagulant, varying the dosages from 2.5 to 45.0 mg L−1, and sodium hypochlorite oxidant (NaClO) in the concentrations of free residual chlorine (HClO(NaClO)) of 0.8 and 5.0 mg L−1, in the water treatment of João Leite River. Optimal coagulant dosages were determined for the following treatment conditions: addition of tannin only; tannin and NaClO applied simultaneously; and, tannin added after 30 min of pre-chlorination. Under these conditions, the coagulation pH was analyzed from 6.0 to 8.5. Parameters such as turbidity, apparent color, pH and HClO (NaClO) were evaluated. The best treatment condition with pre-chlorination was the simultaneous addition of NaClO and coagulant at dosages of 0.8 mg L−1(HClO(NaClO)) and 10.0 mg L−1 respectively, with turbidity removal of 71.6% and apparent color of 62.7%. In general, the results showed that pre-chlorination negatively affected the process being that the higher concentration of HClO(NaClO) the higher tannin dosage, without presenting a significant increase in the efficiencies of turbidity and apparent color removal.

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          Most cited references26

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          Comparison of permanganate preoxidation and preozonation on algae containing water: cell integrity, characteristics, and chlorinated disinfection byproduct formation.

          Aqueous suspensions of Microcystis aeruginosa were preoxidized with either ozone or permanganate and then subjected to chlorination under conditions simulating drinking water purification. The impacts of the two oxidants on the algal cells and on the subsequent production of dissolved organic matter and disinfection byproducts were investigated. Preozonation dramatically increased disinfection byproduct formation during chlorination, especially the formation of haloaldehydes, haloacetonitriles, and halonitromethanes. Preoxidation with permanganate had much less effect on disinfection byproduct formation. Preozonation destroyed algal cell walls and cell membranes to release intracellular organic matter (IOM), and less than 2.0% integrated cells were left after preozonation with the dosage as low as 0.4 mg/L. Preoxidation with permanganate mainly released organic matter adsorbed on the cells' surface without causing any damage to the cells' integrity, so the increase in byproduct formation was much less. More organic nitrogen and lower molecular weight precursors were produced in a dissolved phase after preozonation than permanganate preoxidation, which contributes to the significant increase of disinfection byproducts after preozonation. The results suggest that permanganate is a better choice than ozone for controlling algae derived pollutants and disinfection byproducts.
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            A tannin-based agent for coagulation and flocculation of municipal wastewater: Chemical composition, performance assessment compared to Polyaluminum chloride, and application in a pilot plant

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              Effects and mechanisms of pre-chlorination on Microcystis aeruginosa removal by alum coagulation: Significance of the released intracellular organic matter

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                esa
                Engenharia Sanitaria e Ambiental
                Eng. Sanit. Ambient.
                Associação Brasileira de Engenharia Sanitária e Ambiental - ABES (Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil )
                1413-4152
                1809-4457
                December 2021
                : 26
                : 6
                : 1025-1032
                Affiliations
                [1] Goiânia Goiás orgnameUniversidade Federal de Goiás Brazil
                Article
                S1413-41522021000601025 S1413-4152(21)02600601025
                10.1590/s1413-415220190391
                85b8af96-b90a-421e-b86b-b2afb837d6b1

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 13 April 2021
                : 30 March 2020
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 26, Pages: 8
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Categories
                Artigo Técnico

                tannin,coagulation,sodium hypochlorite,oxidation,tanino,coagulação,oxidação,hipoclorito de sódio

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