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      Variantes histológicas da glomeruloesclerose segmentar e focal primária: casuística e evolução clínica Translated title: Histologic variants of primary focal segmental glomerulosclerosis: presentation and outcome

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          Abstract

          INTRODUÇÃO: O significado clínico das variantes histológicas da glomeruloesclerose segmentar e focal primária (GESF) ainda é pouco claro. Com o objetivo de determinar a frequência das variantes da GESF e sua evolução clínica em uma população hispânica, analisamos nossos casos desta glomerulopatia. MÉTODOS: Neste estudo retrospectivo, biópsias renais com diagnóstico de GESF (de 1998 a 2009) foram analisadas e classificadas acordo com os critérios da classificação de Columbia. Os dados clínico-evolutivos foram analisados e comparados entre as variantes. RESULTADOS: Do total de 291 casos, 224 (77,0%) corresponderam a variante sem especificação (NOS), 40 casos (13,7%) a forma com lesão no polo urinário (TIP), 14 casos (4,8%) a lesão perihiliar (PH), 10 casos (3,4%) ao tipo colapsante (COLL) e três casos (1,0%) a variante celular (CEL). A idade média de apresentação foi de 26 anos (intervalo de 1 a 79), sendo 74 pacientes (25,4%) com idade inferior a 15 anos. Hipertensão arterial e disfunção renal foram os achados mais frequentes nos casos de PH e COLL. A variante PH apresentou-se, frequentemente, com proteinúria não nefrótica. Notou-se menos lesões histológicas de cronicidade em casos TIP. Houve remissão clínica em 57% dos pacientes com TIP, 23,5% dos pacientes com NOS, 22,2% dos pacientes com COLL e em nenhum paciente com PH (p < 0,01). Doença renal crônica (DRC) foi menos frequente no grupo TIP comparativamente as outras variantes (p = 0,03). Não houve diferença estatística na evolução para estágio final da doença renal entre as variantes. CONCLUSÕES: A aparência histológica não parece ser um bom marcador clínico de prognóstico na GESF. A forma COLL é uma doença com muitas diferenças para as outras variantes e pior prognóstico. A variante PH ocorre principalmente de adultos, com evolução frequente para DRC. A lesão do tipo TIP parece ser menos agressiva que as outras variantes, embora sua evolução não seja benigna.

          Translated abstract

          INTRODUCTION: The clinical significance of histologic variants of primary focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) remains unclear. With the aim to determine presentation and outcome of the variants of FSGS in a hispanic population, we studied our cases of this glomerulopathy. METHODS: In this retrospective study, all renal biopsies with FSGS (1998-2009), were classified according to the Columbia's classification. We analyzed histological, clinical and follow-up data and compared among variants. RESULTS: Among 291 cases, 224 (77.0%) corresponded to NOS variant, 40 cases (13.7%) to tip variant (TIP), 14 cases (4.8%) to perihilar (PH), 10 cases (3.4%) to collapsing (COLL) and three cases (1.0%) to cellular variant (CELL). Median age: 26 years (range 1 to 79); 74 patients (25.4%) were < 15 years of age. Hypertension and renal dysfunction were more frequent in PH and COLL cases. PH presented frequently as nonnephrotic proteinuria. There were fewer histologic chronic lesions in TIP cases. There was remission in 23.5% of patients with NOS, 57.7% of patients with TIP, 22.2% of patients with COLL and 0 patients with PH (p < 0.01). Chronic kidney disease (CKD) was less frequent in TIP than in the other variants (p = 0.03). There were not statistical differences for end-stage renal disease among variants. CONCLUSIONS: Glomerular histological appearance is not a good indicator of outcome. COLL is a disease with many differences to the other variants and bad prognosis; PH is a variant mainly of adults, with frequent evolution to CKD. TIP appears as a less aggressive, although not benign, variant.

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          Tip variant of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis: outcome and comparison to 'not otherwise specified' variant.

          The clinical significance of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) tip variant remains unclear. With the aim to determine its clinical and histological features, and natural history, we studied our cases of patients with this glomerular lesion. This is a retrospective analysis. All native renal biopsies from patients diagnosed as FSGS, between 1998 and 2006, were revised for cases with tip variant. Glomerulosclerosis (GS), segmental lesions and interstitial fibrosis (IF) were quantified. We analysed clinical and follow-up data and compared with cases of FSGS not otherwise specified (NOS). In 248 primary FSGS cases, 37 corresponded to tip variant (14.9%). Median age was 17 years (range 1-65); 13 (35.1%) patients were <15 years old, and 56.8% were males. All patients had nephrotic proteinuria. At diagnosis, there were no significant differences for age, renal function and proteinuria between cases with NOS and tip variant. IF, GS and percentage of glomeruli with segmental lesions were higher in NOS than GTL (P < 0.01). At follow-up (n = 25), 15 patients received steroids alone, and 10 steroids and a cytotoxic agent. At a median follow-up of 48.7 months (24.3-86.7), 7 patients (28.0%) progressed to chronic kidney disease (CKD), 4 (16.0%) developed end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and 9 (36.0%) had complete remission. In NOS patients (n = 93), 48 (51.6%) developed CKD (P = 0.04), 20 (21.5%) developed ESRD (P = 0.54%) and 13 (14.0%) had complete remission (P = 0.02). Our work does not demonstrate a clearly favourable prognosis in a group of patients with FSGS tip variant. Although in the tip variant there are less chronic renal tissue damage and CKD, and more frequent complete remission of the nephrotic syndrome, there is an important percentage of patients who develop CKD and ESRD.
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            Author and article information

            Contributors
            Role: ND
            Role: ND
            Role: ND
            Journal
            jbn
            Jornal Brasileiro de Nefrologia
            J. Bras. Nefrol.
            Sociedade Brasileira de Nefrologia (São Paulo )
            2175-8239
            June 2013
            : 35
            : 2
            : 112-119
            Affiliations
            [1 ] Universidad de Antioquia Colombia
            [2 ] Fundación Valle del Lili Colombia
            Article
            S0101-28002013000200006
            10.5935/0101-2800.20130019
            23812568
            8597e430-759e-47dd-9076-37e9698cb85e

            http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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            SciELO Brazil

            Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=0101-2800&lng=en
            Categories
            UROLOGY & NEPHROLOGY

            Urology
            glomerulosclerosis,focal segmental,kidney glomerulus,nephrotic syndrome,podocytes,glomeruloesclerose segmentar e focal,glomérulos renais,podócitos,síndrome nefrótica

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