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      PRE-FRAILTY IN OLDER ADULTS: PREVALENCE AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS Translated title: PREFRAGILIDAD EN ANCIANOS: PREVALENCIA Y FACTORES ASOCIADOS Translated title: PRÉ-FRAGILIDADE EM PESSOAS IDOSAS: PREVALÊNCIA E FATORES ASSOCIADOS

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          Abstract

          ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze pre-frailty prevalence in older adults residing in the community and associated factors. Method: a cross-sectional study, carried out with 291 elderly people registered in Family Health Strategy units. Pre-frailty was measured using the Edmonton Frail Scale, and the other variables were measured using different instruments. Data were collected from June to August 2018. Data analysis was performed using the Mantel Haenszel chi-square test, Fisher’s test and Poisson multivariate regression. Results: pre-frailty prevalence was 69.42% (95% CI; 63.77%-74.66%). Factors associated with pre-frailty were: low education (PR=1.37; 95% CI: 1.11-1.71), dependence on basic (PR=1.39; 95% CI: 1.22-1.59) and instrumental activities of daily living (PR=1.58; 95% CI: 1.40-1.78), depressed mood (PR=1.58; 95% CI: 1.40-1.78). =1.53; 95% CI: 1.31 1.78), negative self-rated health (PR=1.39; 95% CI: 1.15-1.69), polypharmacy (PR=1.30; CI 95%: 1.13-1.50), and nutritional risk (PR=1.27; 95% CI: 1.09-1.46). Conclusion: pre-frailty prevalence was higher than that found in other studies that used the same instrument, and the variables associated with this outcome demonstrated the existence of a common phenomenon among older adults. These are important results, as they highlight the need for investment in research and preventive interventions on the clinical, functional and social conditions of this population. Furthermore, it is necessary to invest in professional training programs for the comprehensive care of older adults, especially with regard to frailty assessment and prevention.

          Translated abstract

          RESUMEN Objetivo: analizar la prevalencia de la prefragilidad en ancianos residentes en la comunidad y los factores asociados. Método: estudio transversal, realizado con 291 ancianos registrados en unidades de la Estrategia Salud de la Familia. La prefragilidad se midió con la escala de fragilidad de Edmonton, y las demás variables se midieron con diferentes instrumentos. Los datos fueron recolectados de junio a agosto de 2018. El análisis de datos se realizó mediante la prueba de chi-cuadrado de Mantel Haenszel, la prueba de Fisher y la regresión multivariada de Poisson. Resultados: la prevalencia de prefragilidad fue del 69,42% (IC 95%; 63,77%-74,66%). Los factores asociados a la prefragilidad fueron: baja escolaridad (RP=1,37; IC 95%: 1,11-1,71), dependencia de actividades básicas (RP=1,39; IC 95%: 1,22-1,59) e instrumentales de la vida diaria (RP=1,58; IC 95%: 1,40-1,78), estado de ánimo deprimido (RP=1,53; IC 95%: 1,31 1,78), autopercepción de salud negativa (RP=1,39; IC 95%: 1,15-1,69), polifarmacia (RP=1,30; IC 95%: 1,13-1,50) y riesgo nutricional (RP=1,27; IC 95%: 1,09-1,46). Conclusión: la prevalencia de prefragilidad fue superior a la encontrada en otros estudios que utilizaron el mismo instrumento, y las variables asociadas a ese desenlace demostraron la existencia de un fenómeno común entre los ancianos. Estos son resultados importantes, ya que destacan la necesidad de inversión en investigación e intervenciones preventivas sobre las condiciones clínicas, funcionales y sociales de esta población. Además, es necesario invertir en programas de formación profesional para la atención integral del anciano, especialmente en lo que se refiere a la evaluación y prevención de la fragilidad.

          Translated abstract

          RESUMO Objetivo: analisar a prevalência da pré-fragilidade em pessoas idosas residentes na comunidade e os fatores associados. Método: estudo transversal, realizado com 291 idosos cadastrados em unidades de Estratégia Saúde da Família. A pré-fragilidade foi mensurada por meio da Edmonton Frail Scale; e as demais variáveis, com instrumentos diversos. Os dados foram coletados no período de junho a agosto de 2018. A análise dos dados ocorreu por meio dos testes qui-quadrado de Mantel Haenszel, teste de Fisher e regressão multivariada de Poisson. Resultados: a prevalência de pré-fragilidade foi de 69,42% (IC 95%; 63,77%-74,66%). Os fatores associados à pré-fragilidade foram: baixa escolaridade (RP=1,37; IC 95%: 1,11-1,71), dependência para as atividades básicas (RP=1,39; IC 95%: 1,22-1,59) e instrumentais de vida diária (RP=1,58; IC 95%: 1,40-1,78), humor depressivo (RP=1,53; IC 95%: 1,31-1,78), autoavaliação negativa de saúde (RP=1,39; IC 95%: 1,15-1,69), polifarmácia (RP=1,30; IC 95%: 1,13-1,50) e risco nutricional (RP=1,27; IC 95%: 1,09-1,46). Conclusão: a prevalência da pré-fragilidade foi acima da encontrada em outros estudos que utilizaram o mesmo instrumento, e as variáveis associadas a esse desfecho demonstraram a existência de um fenômeno comum entre as pessoas idosas. São resultados importantes, pois evidenciam a necessidade de investimento em pesquisas e intervenções preventivas sobre as condições clínicas, funcionais e sociais dessa população. Além disso, é preciso investir em programas de capacitação profissional para o atendimento integral da pessoa idosa, sobretudo no que se refere à avaliação e prevenção da fragilidade.

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          Most cited references30

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          Assessment of Older People: Self-Maintaining and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living

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            Prevalence of frailty in community-dwelling older persons: a systematic review.

            To systematically compare and pool the prevalence of frailty, including prefrailty, reported in community-dwelling older people overall and according to sex, age, and definition of frailty used. Systematic review of the literature using the key words elderly, aged, frailty, prevalence, and epidemiology. Cross-sectional data from community-based cohorts. Community-dwelling adults aged 65 and older. In the studies that were found, frailty and prefrailty were measured according to physical phenotype and broad phenotype, the first defining frailty as a purely physical condition and the second also including psychosocial aspects. Reported prevalence in the community varies enormously (range 4.0-59.1%). The overall weighted prevalence of frailty was 10.7% (95% confidence interval (CI) = 10.5-10.9; 21 studies; 61,500 participants). The weighted prevalence was 9.9% for physical frailty (95% CI = 9.6-10.2; 15 studies; 44,894 participants) and 13.6% for the broad phenotype of frailty (95% CI = 13.2-14.0; 8 studies; 24,072 participants) (chi-square (χ(2) ) = 217.7, degrees of freedom (df)=1, P < .001). Prevalence increased with age (χ(2) = 6067, df = 1, P < .001) and was higher in women (9.6%, 95% CI = 9.2-10.0%) than in men (5.2%, 95% CI = 4.9-5.5%; χ(2) = 298.9 df = 1, P < .001). Frailty is common in later life, but different operationalization of frailty status results in widely differing prevalence between studies. Improving the comparability of epidemiological and clinical studies constitutes an important step forward. © 2012, Copyright the Authors Journal compilation © 2012, The American Geriatrics Society.
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              Screening for undernutrition in geriatric practice: developing the short-form mini-nutritional assessment (MNA-SF).

              The Mini-Nutritional Assessment (MNA) is a validated assessment instrument for nutritional problems, but its length limits its usefulness for screening. We sought to develop a screening version of this instrument, the MNA-SF, that retains good diagnostic accuracy. We reanalyzed data from France that were used to develop the original MNA and combined these with data collected in Spain and New MEXICO: Of the 881 subjects with complete MNA data, 151 were from France, 400 were from Spain, and 330 were from New MEXICO: Independent ratings of clinical nutritional status were available for 142 of the French subjects. Overall, 73.8% were community dwelling, and mean age was 76.4 years. Items were chosen for the MNA-SF on the basis of item correlation with the total MNA score and with clinical nutritional status, internal consistency, reliability, completeness, and ease of administration. After testing multiple versions, we identified an optimal six-item MNA-SF total score ranging from 0 to 14. The cut-point score for MNA-SF was calculated using clinical nutritional status as the gold standard (n = 142) and using the total MNA score (n = 881). The MNA-SF was strongly correlated with the total MNA score (r = .945). Using an MNA-SF score of > or = 11 as normal, sensitivity was 97.9%, specificity was 100%, and diagnostic accuracy was 98.7% for predicting undernutrition. The MNA-SF can identify persons with undernutrition and can be used in a two-step screening process in which persons, identified as "at risk" on the MNA-SF, would receive additional assessment to confirm the diagnosis and plan interventions.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                tce
                Texto & Contexto - Enfermagem
                Texto contexto - enferm.
                Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Programa de Pós Graduação em Enfermagem (, SC, Brazil )
                0104-0707
                1980-265X
                2022
                : 31
                : e20210157
                Affiliations
                [1] Cuiabá Mato Grosso orgnameUniversidade Federal de Mato Grosso orgdiv1Programa de Pós-graduação em Enfermagem Brazil
                Article
                S0104-07072022000100326 S0104-0707(22)03100000326
                10.1590/1980-265x-tce-2021-0157en
                83aea42a-15bb-4df6-b63a-115493c1b9cf

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 29 July 2021
                : 26 February 2022
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 30, Pages: 0
                Product

                SciELO Revista de Enfermagem


                Saúde do idoso,Envelhecimento,Prevalência,Association,Prevalence,Aging,Elderly health,Frail elderly,Frailty,Asociación,Prevalencia,Envejecimiento,Salud del anciano,Anciano frágil,Fragilidad,Associação,Idoso fragilizado,Fragilidade

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