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      Toward a quantitative nutritional ecology: the right-angled mixture triangle

      Ecological Monographs
      Wiley-Blackwell

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          Rebuilding community ecology from functional traits.

          There is considerable debate about whether community ecology will ever produce general principles. We suggest here that this can be achieved but that community ecology has lost its way by focusing on pairwise species interactions independent of the environment. We assert that community ecology should return to an emphasis on four themes that are tied together by a two-step process: how the fundamental niche is governed by functional traits within the context of abiotic environmental gradients; and how the interaction between traits and fundamental niches maps onto the realized niche in the context of a biotic interaction milieu. We suggest this approach can create a more quantitative and predictive science that can more readily address issues of global change.
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            Nutrition, ecology and nutritional ecology: toward an integrated framework

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              Sex-specific fitness effects of nutrient intake on reproduction and lifespan.

              Diet affects both lifespan and reproduction [1-9], leading to the prediction that the contrasting reproductive strategies of the sexes should result in sex-specific effects of nutrition on fitness and longevity [6, 10] and favor different patterns of nutrient intake in males and females. However, males and females share most of their genome and intralocus sexual conflict may prevent sex-specific diet optimization. We show that both male and female longevity were maximized on a high-carbohydrate low-protein diet in field crickets Teleogryllus commodus, but male and female lifetime reproductive performances were maximized in markedly different parts of the nutrient intake landscape. Given a choice, crickets exhibited sex-specific dietary preference in the direction that increases reproductive performance, but this sexual dimorphism in preference was incomplete, with both sexes displaced from the optimum diet for lifetime reproduction. Sexes are, therefore, constrained in their ability to reach their sex-specific dietary optima by the shared biology of diet choice. Our data suggest that sex-specific selection has thus far failed fully to resolve intralocus sexual conflict over diet optimization. Such conflict may be an important factor linking nutrition and reproduction to lifespan and aging.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Ecological Monographs
                Ecological Monographs
                Wiley-Blackwell
                0012-9615
                August 2011
                August 2011
                : 81
                : 3
                : 407-427
                Article
                10.1890/10-1707.1
                8364080b-48ac-4dc6-9665-7d9fc28d4bda
                © 2011

                http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/tdm_license_1.1

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