Efecto del grano entero de maíz sobre el rendimiento productivo en pavos de engorde <span class="so-article-trans-title" dir="auto"> Translated title: Effect of whole grain corn on productive performance of fattening turkeys </span>

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Abstract

RESUMEN Se evaluó el efecto del reemplazo del maíz molido por grano entero de maíz en la fase de acabado del pavo comercial Hybrid Converter. Se trabajó con 80 pavos machos de 11 a 13 semanas de edad. Se evaluaron cinco niveles de inclusión del maíz entero: 0, 25, 50, 75 y 100%. El peso final de los pavos, las ganancias de peso corporal y la conversión alimenticia no se vieron influenciadas por los niveles de inclusión del maíz entero, pero se redujo la ingesta del pienso a medida que el pavo consumió mayor proporción de grano entero. Asimismo, el grano entero en niveles de 50,75 y100%provocóagrandamiento de la molleja e hígado, y merma en el peso relativo de la carcasa de los pavos.

Translated abstract

ABSTRACT The effect of replacing ground corn with whole grain corn in the finishing phase of the commercial Hybrid Converter turkey was evaluated. A total of male turkeys from 11 to 13 weeks of age were used. Five levels of inclusion of whole corn were evaluated: 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100%. The final weight of the turkeys, body weight gain and the feed conversion rate were not influenced by the levels of inclusion of whole corn, but feed intake was reduced as the turkey consumed higher proportions of whole grain. Likewise, the whole grain at levels of 50, 75 and 100% caused enlargement of the gizzard and liver and decrease in the relative weight of the turkey carcass.

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Feed particle size: Implications on the digestion and performance of poultry

R.G. LENTLE, V. Ravindran, A.M. Amerah … (2007)

This review highlights the limited amount of research conducted regarding the optimum particle size of different feeds for efficient poultry production. The current industry practice of using highly processed, pelleted diets masks the influence of particle size, but some reports suggest that the effects of feed particle size on performance may be maintained even after pelleting. There appears to be a general consensus that particle sizes of broiler diets based on maize or sorghum, optimum particle size should be between 600 and 900 μm. Available data clearly show that grain particle size is more critical in mash diets than in pelleted or crumble diets. Although it has been postulated that finer grinding increases substrate availability for enzymatic digestion, there is evidence that coarser grinding to a more uniform particle size improves the performance of birds maintained on mash diets. This counter-intuitive effect may result from the positive effect of feed particle size on gizzard development. A more developed gizzard is associated with increased grinding activity, resulting in increased gut motility and greater digestion of nutrients. Although grinding to fine particle size is thought to improve pellet quality, it will markedly increase energy consumption during milling. Systematic investigations on the relationships of feed particle size and diet uniformity with bird performance, gut health and pellet quality are warranted if efficiency is to be optimised in respect of the energy expenditure of grinding.

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Influence of insoluble fibre and whole wheat inclusion on the performance, digestive tract development and ileal microbiota profile of broiler chickens.

V. Ravindran, A. M. Amerah, R G Lentle (2009)

1. An experiment of 21-d duration was conducted to examine the effects of diluting wheat-based diets with insoluble fibre sources and whole wheat inclusion on the performance, nutrient utilisation, digestive tract development and ileal microbiota profile of broiler chickens. The treatments were as follows: Treatment 1, control diet based on ground wheat; Treatment 2, where 200 g/kg whole wheat replaced the ground wheat pre-pelleting; and Treatments 3 and 4 where the control diet was diluted with fine cellulose and wood shavings, respectively, at a ratio of 6 : 100 (w/w). 2. Weight gains and apparent metabolisable energy were unaffected by dietary treatment. Gain : feed ratio was not influenced by the inclusion of whole wheat or wood shavings, but decreased with cellulose inclusion. However, when gain:feed of birds was corrected by subtracting the amount of cellulose and wood shavings from the total feed consumption, it was found that the inclusion of wood shavings increased gain : feed, while cellulose inclusion had no effect. Similarly, AME(N) was unaffected by dietary treatment. However, when AME(N) was corrected for energy contribution from cellulose or wood shavings, improvements in AME(N) were observed in these two treatments. 3. Wood shavings increased the relative gizzard weights and improved ileal starch digestibility compared to other dietary treatments. All gut components were shorter in birds given diets containing cellulose and wood shavings compared to those receiving the control and whole wheat diets. 4. Ileal microbiota profiling, using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis, showed that microbial composition was affected by dietary treatment and that the treatments were grouped into two main clusters. The two groupings showed similarity between birds receiving the control and cellulose diets and similarity between birds fed on the whole wheat and wood shavings diets. 5. The findings suggest that the effects of insoluble fibre on broiler performance differed depending on the fibre particle size.

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Nutrient utilization and functionality of the anterior digestive tract caused by intermittent feeding and inclusion of whole wheat in diets for broiler chickens.

B Svihus, A Sacranie, V Denstadli … (2010)

Two experiments were carried out to study the effect of intermittent feeding, diet structure, and their interaction on the performance, feeding pattern, and digestive adaptation of broiler chickens. In experiment 1, 40 Cobb broiler chickens were fed, either ad libitum or intermittently, a commercial starter diet diluted with 150 g/kg of ground or whole wheat in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement. Ad libitum feeding consisted of continuous access to feed in a room with 18 h of light and 6 h of complete darkness, whereas birds on intermittent feeding had restricted access to feed from 7 d of age, with 4 one-hour feeding bouts/d and one 2-h feeding bout/d from d 14. No interaction was found between feed structure and feeding regimen for any of the measurements. Although BW gain was not significantly different among any of the treatments, birds given whole wheat or fed intermittently had significantly better feed efficiency than those given ground wheat and fed ad libitum. Inclusion of whole wheat instead of ground wheat also markedly increased (P < 0.001) the AME(n) value and fecal starch digestibility. In experiment 2, 60 Ross broiler chickens were trained to meal feeding on a wheat-based diet containing a commercial phytase, and 5 birds were killed every 15 min after having access to feed, to collect crop contents. Phytate was gradually degraded in the crop, with a 50% reduction in inositol 6-phosphate after a 100-min retention time. In conclusion, these results indicate that broiler chickens have a remarkable ability to maintain growth rate during intermittent feeding because the crop is used as an intermediate storage organ, and that improvements in feed efficiency may occur, among others through increased efficacy of exogenous enzymes. Even though stimulation of the gizzard through a coarse feed structure improves feed efficiency, it does not appear to affect the ability of the bird to handle intermittent feeding.

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Journal

Journal ID (publisher-id): rivep

Title: Revista de Investigaciones Veterinarias del Perú

Abbreviated Title: Rev. investig. vet. Perú

Publisher: Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos. Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria (Lima, , Peru )

ISSN (Print): 1609-9117

Publication date (Print and electronic): August 2023

Volume: 34

Issue: 4

Electronic Location Identifier: e25948

Affiliations

[1] Lima orgnameUniversidad Nacional de Cajamarca orgdiv1Facultad de Ingeniería en Ciencias Pecuarias Peru

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Publisher ID: S1609-91172023000400007 Publisher ID: S1609-9117(23)03400400007

DOI: 10.15381/rivep.v34i4.25948

SO-VID: 832a55ba-698f-434f-a7be-cf04c09e5e15

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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

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Date accepted : 07 June 2023

Date received : 17 September 2022

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Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 25, Pages: 0

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SciELO Peru

Efecto del grano entero de maíz sobre el rendimiento productivo en pavos de engorde Translated title: Effect of whole grain corn on productive performance of fattening turkeys

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Most cited references 25

Feed particle size: Implications on the digestion and performance of poultry

Influence of insoluble fibre and whole wheat inclusion on the performance, digestive tract development and ileal microbiota profile of broiler chickens.

Nutrient utilization and functionality of the anterior digestive tract caused by intermittent feeding and inclusion of whole wheat in diets for broiler chickens.

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