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      Lúcuma ( Pouteria lucuma ): Composición, componentes bioactivos, actividad antioxidante, usos y propiedades beneficiosas para la salud Translated title: Lucuma ( Pouteria lucuma ): Composition, bioactive components, antioxidant activity, uses and beneficial properties for health

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          Abstract

          Resumen La lúcuma es una fruta de origen andino, de forma ovoide, color amarillo verdoso, aroma agradable y sabor dulce intenso. En los últimos años ésta súper fruta ha ganado gran popularidad en el mercado internacional, y su demanda tiende a incrementarse exponencialmente en el futuro, debido a sus propiedades como alimento funcional por sus componentes bioactivos como β-carotenos, niacina, compuestos fenólicos, fitoesteroles, entre otros que dotan a esta fruta de propiedades beneficiosas para la salud, como su acción antiinflamatoria, efecto antioxidante, acción antihipertensiva, antibacteriana, energizante, cicatrizante, y su uso como edulcorante natural. Actualmente se está investigando sobre su influencia en el metabolismo, su capacidad antidiabética, anticancerígena y su consumo para prevenir enfermedades cardíacas y contrarrestar el Alzheimer. Las propiedades de la lúcuma continúan en estudio actualmente y se esperan mayores beneficios y aplicaciones. El objetivo de este trabajo consistió en dar a conocer los componentes y propiedades beneficiosas de la lúcuma desde el punto de vista de la salud.

          Translated abstract

          Abstract Lucuma is a superfruit of Andean origin, with ovoid shape, greenish yellow color, nice smell and intense sweet taste. In recent years this superfruit has won great popularity in the international market, and its demand tends to increase exponentially in the future, due to its properties as a functional food for its bioactive components like β-carotens, niacin, phenolic components, phytosterols, among others that give this fruit beneficial properties for health, such as its anti-inflammatory action, antioxidant effect, antihypertensive action, antibacterial, energizing, healing, and its use as a natural sweetener. Currently, research is being carried out about its influence on metabolism, its antidiabetic, anti-cancer capacity and its use to prevent heart disease and counteract Alzheimer's. The properties of lucuma are still under study and greater benefits and applications are expected. The objective of this work was to announce the components and beneficial properties of lucuma known from the point of view of health.

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          Most cited references65

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          A global perspective on carotenoids: Metabolism, biotechnology, and benefits for nutrition and health.

          Carotenoids are lipophilic isoprenoid compounds synthesized by all photosynthetic organisms and some non-photosynthetic prokaryotes and fungi. With some notable exceptions, animals (including humans) do not produce carotenoids de novo but take them in their diets. In photosynthetic systems carotenoids are essential for photoprotection against excess light and contribute to light harvesting, but perhaps they are best known for their properties as natural pigments in the yellow to red range. Carotenoids can be associated to fatty acids, sugars, proteins, or other compounds that can change their physical and chemical properties and influence their biological roles. Furthermore, oxidative cleavage of carotenoids produces smaller molecules such as apocarotenoids, some of which are important pigments and volatile (aroma) compounds. Enzymatic breakage of carotenoids can also produce biologically active molecules in both plants (hormones, retrograde signals) and animals (retinoids). Both carotenoids and their enzymatic cleavage products are associated with other processes positively impacting human health. Carotenoids are widely used in the industry as food ingredients, feed additives, and supplements. This review, contributed by scientists of complementary disciplines related to carotenoid research, covers recent advances and provides a perspective on future directions on the subjects of carotenoid metabolism, biotechnology, and nutritional and health benefits.
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            Mechanism of action of niacin.

            Nicotinic acid (niacin) has long been used for the treatment of lipid disorders and cardiovascular disease. Niacin favorably affects apolipoprotein (apo) B-containing lipoproteins (eg, very-low-density lipoprotein [VLDL], low-density lipoprotein [LDL], lipoprotein[a]) and increases apo A-I-containing lipoproteins (high-density lipoprotein [HDL]). Recently, new discoveries have enlarged our understanding of the mechanism of action of niacin and challenged older concepts. There are new data on (1) how niacin affects triglycerides (TGs) and apo B-containing lipoprotein metabolism in the liver, (2) how it affects apo A-I and HDL metabolism, (3) how it affects vascular anti-inflammatory events, (4) a specific niacin receptor in adipocytes and immune cells, (5) how niacin causes flushing, and (6) the characterization of a niacin transport system in liver and intestinal cells. New findings indicate that niacin directly and noncompetitively inhibits hepatocyte diacylglycerol acyltransferase-2, a key enzyme for TG synthesis. The inhibition of TG synthesis by niacin results in accelerated intracellular hepatic apo B degradation and the decreased secretion of VLDL and LDL particles. Previous kinetic studies in humans and recent in vitro cell culture findings indicate that niacin retards mainly the hepatic catabolism of apo A-I (vs apo A-II) but not scavenger receptor BI-mediated cholesterol esters. Decreased HDL-apo A-I catabolism by niacin explains the increases in HDL half-life and concentrations of lipoprotein A-I HDL subfractions, which augment reverse cholesterol transport. Initial data suggest that niacin, by inhibiting the hepatocyte surface expression of beta-chain adenosine triphosphate synthase (a recently reported HDL-apo A-I holoparticle receptor), inhibits the removal of HDL-apo A-I. Recent studies indicate that niacin increases vascular endothelial cell redox state, resulting in the inhibition of oxidative stress and vascular inflammatory genes, key cytokines involved in atherosclerosis. The niacin flush results from the stimulation of prostaglandins D(2) and E(2) by subcutaneous Langerhans cells via the G protein-coupled receptor 109A niacin receptor. Although decreased free fatty acid mobilization from adipose tissue via the G protein-coupled receptor 109A niacin receptor has been a widely suggested mechanism of niacin to decrease TGs, physiologically and clinically, this pathway may be only a minor factor in explaining the lipid effects of niacin.
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              Pectin in cancer therapy: A review

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                agro
                Scientia Agropecuaria
                Scientia Agropecuaria
                Universidad Nacional de Trujillo. Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias (Trujillo, , Peru )
                2077-9917
                January 2020
                : 11
                : 1
                : 135-142
                Affiliations
                [1] Ancash Ancash orgnameUniversidad Nacional del Santa orgdiv1Facultad de Ingeniería orgdiv2Departamento de Ingeniería Agroindustrial y Agrónoma Peru
                Article
                S2077-99172020000100135 S2077-9917(20)01100100135
                10.17268/sci.agropecu.2020.01.15
                82b08cf7-4262-433a-9fc6-ba54f574580b

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 19 February 2020
                : 31 July 2019
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 65, Pages: 8
                Product

                SciELO Peru

                Categories
                Artículos de Revisión

                antioxidante,lúcuma,Bioactive,alimento funcional,functional food,antioxidant,phenolic components,Bioactivo,lucuma,compuestos fenólicos

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