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      MAMÍFEROS NO VOLADORES DEL PARQUE NACIONAL SANGAY, ECUADOR

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          Abstract

          RESUMEN En el presente estudio se documenta la riqueza de mamíferos no voladores del Parque Nacional Sangay (PNS), una de las zonas con mayor vacío de información de Ecuador. Realizamos relevamientos en nueve localidades entre diciembre 2010 y junio del 2015 en un gradiente altitudinal entre los 1.300 y 3.650 m. Para el registro de mamíferos no voladores usamos técnicas de captura (trampas Sherman, Tomahawk y de caída) y técnicas de detección directa e indirecta (recorridos, búsqueda de rastros, entrevistas). El esfuerzo de captura fue de 5.730 trampas/noche. Se registraron 86 especies en el área de estudio de los cuales los roedores fue el orden más diverso con 36 especies (41.8%). Los pequeños mamíferos Marmosa rubra, Chilomys instans, Neusticomys vossi, Ichthyomys cf. stolzmanni, Thomasomys fumeus, Dactilomys dactylinus y Echimys cf. saturnus son los primeros registros para el PNS. El ratón marsupial Caenolestes sangay, la musaraña Cryptotis montivaga y los roedores Phyllotis haggardi, Thomasomys fumeus, T. hutsoni, T. cf. silvestris, Rhipidomys sp. nov., y Cavia patzelti son especies endémicas que habitan en el área y demuestran la importancia biogeográfica del PNS. Nuestros resultados más los adicionados con la literatura previa indican que en la actualidad el PNS alberga a 103 especies, posicionándolo como el área natural con mayor riqueza de mamíferos no voladores de los Andes de Ecuador y como la segunda más diversa de los Andes Tropicales.

          Translated abstract

          ABSTRACT In this study we present the results of inventory efforts of non-volant mammals in Sangay National Park (SNP), one of the least studied regions of Ecuador. We conducted inventories at 9 locations between December 2010 and June 2015 along a gradient of elevations between 1.300 and 3.650 m. To document the presence of non-volant mammals we used capture techniques (Sherman, Tomahawk, and pitfall traps) and direct and indirect detection techniques (track and sign surveys, interviews). The trap effort consisted of 5.730 trap/nights. We detected 86 species in the study area of which rodents were the most diverse group with 36 species (41.8%). The small mammals Chilomys instans, Neusticomys vossi, Ichthyomys cf. stolzmanni, Thomasomys fumeus, Dactilomys dactylinus and Echimys saturnus, the marsupial Marmosa rubra were detected in the SNP for the first time. The shrew-opossum Caenolestes sangay, shrew Cryptotis montivaga and rodents Phyllotis haggardi, Thomasomys fumeus, T. hutsoni, T. cf silvestris, Rhipidomys sp. nov., y Cavia patzelti are endemic species that speak to the biogeographic importance of SNP. Our results with additions from other published studies indicate the presence of 103 species of non-volant mammal, positioning it as the most diverse natural area in the Andes of Ecuador, and as the second most diverse of the tropical Andes.

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          Biodiversity hotspots for conservation priorities.

          Conservationists are far from able to assist all species under threat, if only for lack of funding. This places a premium on priorities: how can we support the most species at the least cost? One way is to identify 'biodiversity hotspots' where exceptional concentrations of endemic species are undergoing exceptional loss of habitat. As many as 44% of all species of vascular plants and 35% of all species in four vertebrate groups are confined to 25 hotspots comprising only 1.4% of the land surface of the Earth. This opens the way for a 'silver bullet' strategy on the part of conservation planners, focusing on these hotspots in proportion to their share of the world's species at risk.
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            Global mammal distributions, biodiversity hotspots, and conservation.

            Hotspots, which have played a central role in the selection of sites for reserves, require careful rethinking. We carried out a global examination of distributions of all nonmarine mammals to determine patterns of species richness, endemism, and endangerment, and to evaluate the degree of congruence among hotspots of these three measures of diversity in mammals. We then compare congruence of hotspots in two animal groups (mammals and birds) to assess the generality of these patterns. We defined hotspots as the richest 2.5% of cells in a global equal-area grid comparable to 1 degrees latitude x 1 degrees longitude. Hotspots of species richness, "endemism," and extinction threat were noncongruent. Only 1% of cells and 16% of species were common to the three types of mammalian hotspots. Congruence increased with increases in both the geographic scope of the analysis and the percentage of cells defined as being hotspots. The within-mammal hotspot noncongruence was similar to the pattern recently found for birds. Thus, assigning global conservation priorities based on hotspots is at best a limited strategy.
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              A New Species of Thomasomys (Rodentia: Muridae) from Eastern Ecuador, with Remarks on Mammalian Diversity and Biogeography in the Cordillera Oriental

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                paz
                Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia
                Pap. Avulsos Zool.
                Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo (São Paulo, SP, Brazil )
                0031-1049
                1807-0205
                2016
                : 56
                : 5
                : 45-61
                Affiliations
                [1] Quito orgnameMuseo Ecuatoriano de Ciencias Naturales Ecuador
                Article
                S0031-10492016000500045
                10.1590/0031-1049.2016.56.05
                828678fc-1bf1-4a90-ad04-3851126fe853

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 02 December 2015
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 46, Pages: 17
                Product

                SciELO Brazil


                Sangay National Park,Mammals,Parque Nacional Sangay,Tropical Andes,Mamíferos,Andes Tropicales

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