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      Retraction Note: Down-regulation of miR-133a and miR-539 are associated with unfavorable prognosis in patients suffering from osteosarcoma

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          Abstract

          Retraction to: Cancer Cell Int (2015) 15:86 DOI 10.1186/s12935-015-0237-6 The Editors-in-Chief and Publisher have retracted this article [1] because the scientific integrity of the content cannot be guaranteed. An investigation by the Publisher found it to be one of a group of articles we have identified as showing evidence suggestive of attempts to subvert the peer review and publication system to inappropriately obtain or allocate authorship. This article showed evidence of plagiarism (most notably from the articles cited [2, 3]) and authorship manipulation.

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          MicroRNA-133a, downregulated in osteosarcoma, suppresses proliferation and promotes apoptosis by targeting Bcl-xL and Mcl-1.

          Deregulated microRNAs and their roles in cancer development have attracted much attention. Although miR-133a has been shown to be important in osteogenesis, its roles in osteosarcoma carcinogenesis and progression remain unknown. Hence, we focused on the expression and mechanisms of miR-133a in osteosarcoma development in this study. We found that miR-133a was downregulated in osteosarcoma cell lines and primary human osteosarcoma tissues, and its decrease was significantly correlated with tumor progression and prognosis of the patients. Functional studies revealed that restoration of miR-133a could reduce cell proliferation, promote cell apoptosis, and suppress tumorigenicity in osteosarcoma cell lines. Furthermore, bioinformatic prediction and experimental validation were applied to identify target genes of miR-133a, and the results revealed that the anti-tumor effect of miR-133a was probably due to targeting and repressing of Bcl-xL and Mcl-1 expression. Taken together, our data elucidate the roles of miR-133a in osteosarcoma pathogenesis and implicate its potential in cancer therapy. Crown Copyright © 2013. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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            Down-regulation of miR-133a and miR-539 are associated with unfavorable prognosis in patients suffering from osteosarcoma

            Background MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play key roles in cancer development and progression. The purpose of the present study was to determine the expression levels of miR-133a and miR-539 in osteosarcoma patients and to further investigate the clinicopathological, and prognostic value of these miRNAs. Methods The expression levels of miR-133a and miR-539 were determined by qRT-PCR. Associations between miRNAs expressions and various clinicopathological characteristics were analyzed. Survival rate was determined with Kaplan–Meier and statistically analyzed with the log-rank method between groups. Survival data were evaluated through multivariate Cox regression analysis Results Our findings revealed that the miR-133a expression was significantly decreased in clinical osteosarcoma tissues compared to adjacent normal bone tissues. The expression level of miR-539 was decreased in clinical osteosarcoma tissues as compared to those adjacent normal tissues. Low expressions of miR-133a and miR-539 were significantly association with advanced TNM stage (P = 0.002; P = 0.001), and metastasis or recurrence (P = 0.001; P = 0.01). Furthermore, Kaplan–Meier survival analysis and log-rank test showed that the low expressions of miR-133a and miR-539 were correlated with the reduced overall survival of osteosarcoma patients. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards model showed that decreased expressions of miR-133a and miR-539 (P = 0.007; P = 0.02), TNM stage (P = 0.001; P = 0.002), and metastasis or recurrence (P = 0.005; P = 0.026) were independent prognostic markers of overall survival of patients. Conclusion These results suggest that decreased miR-133a and miR-539 expressions may participate in the progression of osteosarcoma. Together, these results showed that miR-133a and miR-539 may have their role in both progression and prognosis of osteosarcoma.
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              Downregulation of miR-133b/miR-503 acts as efficient prognostic and diagnostic factors in patients with osteosarcoma and these predictor biomarkers are correlated with overall survival

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                a.mokarizadeh@muk.ac.ir
                Journal
                Cancer Cell Int
                Cancer Cell Int
                Cancer Cell International
                BioMed Central (London )
                1475-2867
                4 November 2016
                4 November 2016
                2016
                : 16
                : 84
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Department of Orthopedics, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
                [2 ]Department of Orthopedics Surgery, Tehran Medical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
                [3 ]Department of Anesthesiology, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
                [4 ]Department of Orthopedics, Firoozgar Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
                [5 ]Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
                [6 ]Department of Molecular Biology, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
                [7 ]Cellular & Molecular Research Center, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
                Article
                359
                10.1186/s12935-016-0359-5
                5096315
                27822140
                7ffaef2e-cc2b-40ef-b5b0-90c76440fa61
                © The Author(s) 2016

                Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver ( http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

                History
                : 20 October 2016
                : 20 October 2016
                Categories
                Retraction Note
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                © The Author(s) 2016

                Oncology & Radiotherapy
                Oncology & Radiotherapy

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