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      Construção e crítica na nova sociologia francesa Translated title: Construction and criticism in the new french sociology

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          Abstract

          Este artigo propõe uma análise comparativa das sociologias de Bourdieu, Boltanski/Thévenot e Latour/Callon. Seguindo uma dialética descendente, das estruturas materiais Bourdieu às alturas ideais de Boltanski e Thévenot e às platitudes de Latour e Callon, o autor expõe em um primeiro tempo o estruturalismo genético de Bourdieu como um pensamento racional e relacional, que estabelece uma prioridade às estruturas. Ele mostra que o desvio objetivista da teoria dos campos e dos habitus tende a esvaziar as capacidades reflexivas de que dispõem os atores e a reduzi-los a simples agentes. Em um segundo momento, o autor mostra que a sociologia da crítica de Boltanski e Thévenot permite retificar ou corrigir a sociologia crítica. Ela introduz, firmemente, as mediações simbólicas que são as Cidades e concebe os Dispositivos como comutadores, que restabelecem o laço com a macrossociologia. Enfim, em um terceiro e último momento, o autor critica a eliminação das estruturas materiais e ideais que configuram a ação para a sociologia dos atores em rede. Ela se fixa nas práticas que performam o mundo, associando os humanos e os não humanos, em um tecido sem costura e sem fim que cobre o mundo.

          Translated abstract

          This article considers a comparative analysis of the sociologies of Bourdieu, Boltanski & Thévenot, and Latour & Callon. Following a descending dialectic of the Bourdieu material structures to the ideal heights of Boltanski and Thévenot and to the platitudes of Latour and Callon, the author primarily displays Bourdieu’s genetic structuralism as a rational and relational thinking, which establishes a priority to the structures. He shows that the objectivist deviation of the theory of the fields and habitus tends to empty the reflexive capacities in which the actors are reduced into simple agents. In a second moment, the author shows that the Boltanski’s and Thévenot’s sociology of criticism allows to rectify or to correct the critical sociology. It introduces the symbolic mediations that are the Cities and conceive the Devices as commutators, which reestablish the link with the macrosociology. Finally, the author criticizes the elimination of the material and ideal structures that configure the action for the sociology of the actors in net. The action fixes itself in the practices that perform the world, associating human beings and the not human, in a never-ending fabric that covers the world.

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          Most cited references95

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          Situated Actions and Vocabularies of Motive

          C. Mills (1940)
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            Science in Action: How to Follow Scientists and Engineers Through Society.

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              The Mangle of Practice: Agency and Emergence in the Sociology of Science

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                se
                Sociedade e Estado
                Soc. estado.
                Departamento de Sociologia da Universidade de Brasília (Brasília, DF, Brazil )
                0102-6992
                1980-5462
                August 2006
                : 21
                : 2
                : 315-366
                Affiliations
                [01] orgnameUniversidade de Estudos Humanistas Países Baixos
                Article
                S0102-69922006000200003 S0102-6992(06)02100203
                10.1590/S0102-69922006000200003
                7f6a1c27-4453-47a0-befb-9fb9175d4a1b

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 06 May 2005
                : 05 October 2005
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 94, Pages: 52
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Categories
                Artigos

                Bourdieu,social,theory of the actors in net,pragmatic sociology,critical sociology,Latour,Boltanski,crítica,construção social,teoria dos atores em rede,sociologia pragmática,sociologia crítica,critical construction

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