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      Significance of keratinized mucosa/gingiva on peri‐implant and adjacent periodontal conditions in erratic maintenance compliers

      Author(s): 1 , 2 , 2 , 3
      Publication date Created:
      Publication date (Electronic):
      Journal: Journal of Periodontology
      Publisher: Wiley

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          Abstract

          Given the fact that most patients are not regular compliers in supportive peri-implant maintenance programs, it is of interest to examine the significance of the peri-implant soft tissue characteristics in relationship to the onset of peri-implant diseases.

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          Effect of material characteristics and/or surface topography on biofilm development.

          Wim Teughels, Nele Van Assche, Isabelle Sliepen … (2006)
          From an ecological viewpoint, the oral cavity, in fact the oro-pharynx, is an 'open growth system'. It undergoes an uninterrupted introduction and removal of both microorganisms and nutrients. In order to survive within the oro-pharyngeal area, bacteria need to adhere either to the soft or hard tissues in order to resist shear forces. The fast turn-over of the oral lining epithelia (shedding 3 x/day) is an efficient defence mechanism as it prevents the accumulation of large masses of microorganisms. Teeth, dentures, or endosseous implants, however, providing non-shedding surfaces, allow the formation of thick biofilms. In general, the established biofilm maintains an equilibrium with the host. An uncontrolled accumulation and/or metabolism of bacteria on the hard surfaces forms, however, the primary cause of dental caries, gingivitis, periodontitis, peri-implantitis, and stomatitis. This systematic review aimed to evaluate critically the impact of surface characteristics (free energy, roughness, chemistry) on the de novo biofilm formation, especially in the supragingival and to a lesser extent in the subgingival areas. An electronic Medline search (from 1966 until July 2005) was conducted applying the following search items: 'biofilm formation and dental/oral implants/surface characteristics', 'surface characteristics and implants', 'biofilm formation and oral', 'plaque/biofilm and roughness', 'plaque/biofilm and surface free energy', and 'plaque formation and implants'. Only clinical studies within the oro-pharyngeal area were included. From a series of split-mouth studies, it could be concluded that both an increase in surface roughness above the R(a) threshold of 0.2 microm and/or of the surface-free energy facilitates biofilm formation on restorative materials. When both surface characteristics interact with each other, surface roughness was found to be predominant. The biofilm formation is also influenced by the type (chemical composition) of biomaterial or the type of coating. Direct comparisons in biofilm formation on different transmucosal implant surfaces are scars. Extrapolation of data from studies on different restorative materials seems to indicate that transmucosal implant surfaces with a higher surface roughness/surface free energy facilitate biofilm formation.
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            Peri-implant diseases and conditions: Consensus report of workgroup 4 of the 2017 World Workshop on the Classification of Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases and Conditions

            Dennis Tarnow, David L Cochran, Jan B. Derks … (2018)
            Article 0 comments Cited 252 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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              The significance of keratinized mucosa on implant health: a systematic review.

              Guo-Hao Lin, Hsun-Liang Chan, Hom-Lay Wang (2013)
              Whether a minimal width of keratinized mucosa (KM) is required to maintain peri-implant tissue health has been a topic of interest. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to investigate the effect of KM on various peri-implant health-related parameters.
              Article 0 comments Cited 113 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Title: Journal of Periodontology
                Abbreviated Title: J Periodontol
                Publisher: Wiley
                ISSN (Print): 0022-3492
                ISSN (Electronic): 1943-3670
                Publication date Created: November 28 2018
                Publication date Created: May 2019
                Publication date (Electronic): December 07 2018
                Publication date (Print): May 2019
                Volume: 90
                Issue: 5
                Pages: 445-453
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Department of Oral Surgery and StomatologyZMK School of Dental MedicineUniversity of Bern Bern Switzerland
                [2 ]Department of PeriodontologyInternational University of Catalonia Barcelona Spain
                [3 ]Division of PeriodontologyUniversity of Maryland School of Dentistry Baltimore MD USA
                Article
                DOI: 10.1002/JPER.18-0471
                PubMed ID: 30461016
                SO-VID: 7f0e6ce5-c1a8-49ad-9724-02d007d2be7b
                Copyright © © 2019
                License:

                http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor

                http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/tdm_license_1.1

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