Establishment and management of health room in primary and secondary schools in Jilin Province

Abstract

Objective To understand the current situation of health rooms in primary and secondary schools in Jilin Province, so as to provide the data support for scientific decision-making.

Methods From April to July 2023, 512 primary and secondary schools and 1 432 school doctors and health care teachers were selected through convenience sampling method in Jilin Province to conduct an electronic questionnaire survey, including the basic information of the school, the situation of health rooms, personnel setting, and the development of school health work.

Results Among the 512 schools, only 6.4% of the 299 schools that should have clinics had medical institution practice licenses. The compliance rate of clinic area was 16.6%, and the compliance rate of health room area was 75.0%. About 92.1% of the middle schools and 90.6% of the primary schools identified the reporters of infectious diseases, and 90.9% of the primary schools and 85.5% of the secondary schools filed files for students. Totally 73.5% of the staff in the health room were teachers, and only 17.9% were health professionals. Nearly 70.1% of school doctors or health care teachers were engaged in part-time jobs, and 60.9% engaged in school health for ≤5 years. In terms of the content in urgent need of training and improvement, the top five were knowledge about first aid (79. 7%), infectious disease prevention and treatment (73.3%), health education (64.0%), common disease diagnosis (60.1%) and psychological counseling (53.6%).

Conclusions Health care institutions, equipment and facilities in primary and secondary schools in Jilin Province are inadequate, and the construction of school doctors and health care teachers is in need of improvement. It should pay more attention to school health and work together to optimize the team of school doctors and health care teachers.

Abstract

【摘要】 目的 了解吉林省中小学校卫生(保健)室现状, 为学校卫生资源配置的优化提供数据支撑。 方法 2023 年 4一7 月, 方便选取吉林省 512 所中小学校和 1 432 名校医及保健教师进行电子问卷调查, 内容包括学校基本情况、卫生(保健) 室情况、人员设置、学校卫生工作开展情况等。 结果 512所学校中应设置卫生室的299所学校仅有6.4%有医疗机构执业 许可证, 卫生室面积达标率为16.6%, 保健室面积达标率为75.0%。92.1%的中学和90.6%的小学已明确传染病疫情报告 人且为在编人员, 90.9%的小学和85.5%的中学为学生建档。73.5%的卫生(保健)室人员专业为师范类, 卫生技术人员仅 占17.9%。校医或保健教师中70.1%从事兼职工作, 60.9%从事学校卫生工作 ≤5 年。在急需培训提升的内容方面, 排在前 5位的分别是急救知识(79.7%)、传染病防治知识(73.3%)、健康教育(64.0%)、常见病诊断(60.1%)、心理咨询(53.6%)。 结论 吉林省中小学校卫生保健机构和设备设施配备不足, 校医和保健教师队伍建设不健全。应加强对学校卫生工作的 重视程度, 合力优化校医和保健教师队伍。